Lub npe axolotl lossis axolotl yog cov npe uas siv los sau npe rau ntau hom amphibians uas yog cov genus Ambystoma, txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov kuj hu ua salamanders, zoo li lwm pab pawg neeg amphibians ntawm ntau tsev neeg. Axolotl muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb heev, txij li qee hom muaj qee yam kab mob hauv cov neeg laus, uas yog hu ua neoteny. Lwm tus, ntawm qhov tod tes, txhim kho metamorphosis thiab qee qhov yuav lossis tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem metamorphic nyob ntawm qee yam mob.
Ntau yam ntawm pab pawg no muaj kev pheej hmoo, feem ntau yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob, thiab hauv tsab xov xwm no peb xav qhia txog lawv nyob qhov twg axolotl. Peb caw nej los nyeem ntxiv.
Axolotl distribution
Muaj 33 hom axolotls, uas yog haiv neeg tshwj xeeb rau North America Txawm hais tias lawv tau lees paub tshwj xeeb thiab muaj npe nrov hauv Northwest. thiab Central los ntawm Mexico , qee cov tswv cuab ntawm genus Ambystoma kuj tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Meskas , suav nrog sab hnub poob Alaska thiab sab qab teb Canada. Ntawm tag nrho cov hom, 17 muaj nyob rau hauv Mexico thiab 16 yog ib qho chaw rau lub teb chaws, yog li cov tsiaj no muaj ib qho tseem ceeb faib nyob rau hauv ntau lub cheeb tsam no.
Qee yam piv txwv ntawm cov tsiaj uas muab faib rau hauv cheeb tsam uas tau hais muaj nyob rau hauv:
- Ambystoma silvense: Mexico.
- Ambystoma mexicanum: Mexico.
- Ambystoma rosaceum: Mexico.
- Ambystoma talpoideum: United States.
- Ambystoma texanum: Canada and the United States.
- Ambystoma tigrinum: Canada and the United States.
- Ambystoma maculatum: Canada thiab Tebchaws Meskas.
- Ambystoma mavortium: Canada, Mexico thiab United States.
- Ambystoma macrodactylum: Canada thiab United States (xws li Alaska).
Axolotl Habitat
Tam sim no peb paub tias axolotl nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub teb chaws nws loj hlob ib txwm nyob rau hauv, cia saib raws nraim li cas nws cov vaj tse nyob. Lub chaw nyob ntawm axolotl tej zaum tsuas yog dej xwb, txawm li cas los xij, raws li amphibian uas nws yog, muaj ntau hom, thaum lawv ncav cuag neeg laus , mus rau nyob rau thaj av qhuavTxawm li cas los xij, zoo li feem ntau hauv cov tsiaj ntawm lawv pawg, lawv xav tau cov dej tas mus li los yog caij nyoog ntawm cov dej los tso lawv cov qe thiab cov ciaj sia ntawm lawv cov larvae. Yuav kom paub qhov kawg ntawm qhov nthuav dav no, tsis txhob hnov qab lwm tsab xov xwm ntawm Reproduction ntawm axolotl.
Cov chaw tshwj xeeb uas cov tsiaj no loj hlob txawv ntawm ib cheeb tsam mus rau lwm qhov, yog li cia peb saib qee yam piv txwv ntawm axolotl lub chaw nyob kom nkag siab zoo dua qhov nws nyob.
Mexican Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum)
Yog tias koj xav paub tias Mexican axolotl nyob qhov twg, koj yuav tsum paub tias, hmoov tsis, nws yog qhov txaus ntshai ntawm kev ploj tuag, yog li ntawd cov pej xeem feem ntau nyob hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv thiab tswj kom lav nws txoj sia nyob. Cov hom no yog neotenic, uas txhais tau hais tias nws tuav ntau ntawm nws cov kab mob larval thaum laus. Yog li, nws yog axolotl dej, uas nyob hauv dej tob heev thiab muaj ntau yam nroj tsuag. Cov yav tas yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau nws cov me nyuam, vim nws yog nyob rau hauv cov dej nroj tsuag uas nws lays nws qe.
Roob kwj dej salamander (Ambystoma altamirani)
Cov kwj axolotl, raws li nws tseem paub, yog nyob rau Mexico, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lub xeev Morelos thiab Tsoom Fwv Cheeb Tsam. Lawv qhov chaw nyob yog ua los ntawm cov kwj me me mus tas li, uas pom los ntawm cov ntoo thuv thiab ntoo qhib hav zoov. Tej zaum kuj nyob hauv cov nyom uas muaj kev txiav ntoo. Qee tus neeg laus uas tau mob metamorphosis tseem nyob hauv dej tas li.
Tarahumara Salamander (Ambystoma rosaceum)
Tseem hu ua liab salamander, txawm hais tias nws tsis muaj xim no, los yog Tarahumara salamander, nws yog lwm hom kab mob ntawm Mexico, nrog rau muaj nyob rau hauv Chihuahua, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora thiab Zacatecas. Nws yog nyob rau hauv high altitude habitats, qhov chaw muaj ntoo thuv thiab ntoo qhib hav zoov, nrog rau cov kwj dej ntiav thiab me me; nws kuj loj hlob hauv cov pas dej dag siv rau cov tsiaj nyeg. Cov tib neeg
Blue-spotted salamander (Ambystoma laterale)
Cov tsiaj no nyob hauv Canada thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Hauv thawj kis, qee qhov chaw uas nws nyob tam sim no yog Quebec, Ontario, Nova Scotia; hauv ob, Maine, Illinois, New York thiab Minnesota, thiab lwm yam. Nws tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv swamps thiab marshes surrounded by sandy los yog av nplaum av, ob qho tib si lowland thiab upland. Larvae yog dawb-nyob hauv dej ntiav, tab sis adults feem ntau yog underground
Long-toed salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum)
xov xwm Canada muaj nyob rau hauv Alberta thiab British Columbia, nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States nws yog nyob rau hauv California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington thiab Alaska. Nws yog ib hom tsiaj uas loj hlob hauv ntau hom chaw nyob. Rau kev yug me nyuam, cov neeg laus tsiv mus nyob mus tas li lossis raws caij nyoog, uas tuaj yeem yog ntuj lossis dag, kuj nyob hauv pas dej lossis cov kwj deg. Nyob rau theem neeg laus, yog subterranean, nyob rau hauv ib nrab arid sagebrush ecosystems, subalpine meadows, qhuav los yog humid forests, los yog nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb puag ncig ntawm roob pas dej.
Marbled salamander (Ambystoma opacum)
Hom kab no loj hlob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, yog maj dua rau cov chaw qhuav qhuav dua lwm pawg. Nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv hav zoov nyob ib ncig ntawm swamps thiab pas dej. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau thaj chaw pob zeb thiab dunes tam sim no hauv hav zoov.
Qe tau muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig dej, tab sis cov neeg laus yog cov neeg nyob hauv av tag nrho, nyob hauv ntau yam xov xwm, suav nrog hauv av.
Alchica Axolotl (Ambystoma taylori)
Kuj hu ua Taylor's salamander, nws nyob rau Puebla, Mexico. Nws nyob hauv Alchichica Lake, uas yog saline, ntawm qhov siab ntawm 2,290 m.a.s.l. Feem ntau, nws tsim txhua lub sijhawm hauv dej ntawm qhov tob tshaj 30 meters.
Small-mouth salamander (Ambystoma texanum)
Cov tsiaj yog nyob rau Canada hauv Ontario thiab Tebchaws Meskas hauv Alabama, Kansas, Texas, Nebraska thiab Oklahoma, ntawm lwm lub xeev. Nws qhov chaw nyob yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm ecological ntau haiv neeg, yog li ntawd nws tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau hom hav zoov xws li ntoo thuv, ntoo qhib, ntom ntom thiab alluvial plains; kuj hauv prairies ntawm cov nyom siab thiab thaj chaw cog qoob loo. Kev yug me nyuam tshwm sim mus tas li los yog raws caij nyoog nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig dej, tab sis cov neeg laus lub neej feem ntau tshwm sim hauv av, pob zeb, nplooj litter lossis crayfish burrows.
Mus paub txhua yam ntawm axolotl hauv lwm tsab xov xwm no thiab txuas ntxiv kawm nrog peb.
Cov chaw tiv thaiv uas axolotl nyob
Ntau hom axolotls tuaj yeem nyob hauv qee thaj chaw tiv thaiv kom lav lawv txoj sia nyob vim tias lawv raug kev phom sij ntawm kev ploj mus. Ua li no, qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov axolotls yog tswj tau ntau dua. Cia peb kawm seb cov axolotls nyob qhov twg:
- roob kwj dej salamander (Ambystoma altamirani): Lagunas de Zempoala National Park, Cumbres del Ajusco National Park thiab Suab puam National Park of the Lions.
- Zacapu Salamander (Amblystoma andersoni): Laguna de Zacapu.
- Champala salamander (Ambystoma flavipiperatum) : Sierra de Quila Natural Protected Area.
- Frío River Axolotl (A mbystoma leorae) : Iztaccíhuatl-Popocatépetl National Park.
- Lerma Axolotl (Ambystoma lermaense) : Lerma Swamp Flora and Fauna Protection Area.
- Mexican Salamander (Ambystoma mexicanum): Ejidos of Xochimilco and San Gregorio in Mexico City.
- Toluca Brook Salamander (Ambystoma rivulare): Nevado de Toluca National Park thiab hauv Monarch Npauj Npaim Biosphere Reserve nyob rau hauv Sanctuary of Chincua.
- Rose salamander (Ambystoma rosaceum): Cerro Mohinora Flora and Fauna Protection Area thiab Campo Verde Flora and Fauna Protection Area.
- Small-mouth salamander (Ambystoma texanum): Ntau qhov chaw tiv thaiv hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab hauv Park System's Fish Point Nature Preserve Canadian Cov xeev.
- Mole salamander (Ambystoma talpoideum): thaj chaw tiv thaiv hav zoov hauv tebchaws United States.
