Environmental Enrichment in Zoos

Cov txheej txheem:

Environmental Enrichment in Zoos
Environmental Enrichment in Zoos
Anonim
Environmental Enrichment in Zoos
Environmental Enrichment in Zoos

Hmoov zoo, cov duab ntawm tus tsiaj tu siab raug kaw hauv cov ntaub thaiv me me, me me, ploj mus, tsawg kawg hauv lub tebchaws tsim kho. Los yog vim lawv raug txwv los yog vim daim ntawv raug ntes txawv.

Tam sim no, ntau lub vaj tsiaj ua haujlwm kev txuag tsiaj, los ntawm lawv tus kheej los yog koom tes nrog lwm lub koom haum, xws li zoos ntawm rov qab los yog yug me nyuam. cov chaw rau cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv txaus ntshai ntawm extinction.

Ntau tus qauv uas niaj hnub no mus txog zoos, tawm los ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev ua txhaum cai ntawm cov tsiaj txawv txawv. Vim tsis muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau lawv qhov chaw nyob, lawv tau khaws cia rau hauv cov chaw tshwj xeeb lossis cov tsiaj txhu.

Zoos, ntxiv rau qhov yuav tsum tau khaws cov tsiaj sib txawv kom zoo, muab kev saib xyuas tsiaj txhu kom txaus, ntxuav cov ntaub thaiv kom tsis txhob ntshai lossis ntxhov siab, kuj yuav tsum tso cai nqa tawm lawv natural behaviour Qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev txhawb nqa ib puag ncig. Hauv tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb lub xaib, peb yuav tham txog environmental enrichment and its application in zoos

Environment enrichment yog dab tsi?

ib puag ncig txhawb nqa yog ib txoj kev siv los txhawb thiab txhim kho tus cwj pwm ntawm cov tsiaj khaws cia rau hauv kev poob cev qhev, tso cai rau lawv tsim lawv tus kheej natural ethology thiab kev coj cwj pwm lawv yuav ua raws li xwm txheej.

Yog li ntawd, kev nplua nuj yuav tsum yog dynamic txheej txheem, uas yog hloov raws sij hawm, nyiam hais tias tag nrho cov natural cwj pwm ntawm ib tug tsiaj manifest. Lub hom phiaj ntawm ib puag ncig kev nplua nuj yog txhawb nqa txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tsiaj raug ntes.

Environmental enrichment in Zoos - Environmental enrichment yog dab tsi?
Environmental enrichment in Zoos - Environmental enrichment yog dab tsi?

Types of environmental enrichment

Tseem muaj ntau hom kev nplua nuj, nyob ntawm hom, hom ntim thiab cov peev txheej muaj, ib qho, qee qhov lossis tag nrho siv tau.

Nyob Zoo Los Ntawm Khoom Noj

LUB ZAUB MOV ZAUB MOV RAU QHOV KOJ YUAV TAU TXAIS HAUV lawv qhov chaw nyob. Piv txwv li, geese ntawm cov tsiaj qus nyob rau hauv captivity yog pub nrog ib los yog ob hom ntawm cov noob, thaum nyob rau hauv cov qus qhov ntau haiv neeg yuav ntau dua, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, vim hais tias lawv tsiv teb tsaws thiab, nyob rau hauv txhua cheeb tsam, lawv yuav nrhiav tau ntau yam sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, yog peb sim muab

noj ntau ntau nyob ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub xyoo, peb yuav enrich lub neej ntawm cov tsiaj.

Rau cov tsiaj txhu, qhov zoo tshaj yog muab ntau hom nqaij, nrog rau cov nqaij mos tsis muaj nqaij, los ntawm cov tsiaj txhu sib txawv.

Hom kev nplua nuj no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam cov tsiaj nrog noj txhua yam, xws li raccoons. Muab noj zaub mov noj pab tau lawv thiab tiv thaiv qhov pib ntawm qee yam kab mob.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, nkaum cov zaub mov, muab tso rau txhua txhua hnub nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub vaj tse, promotes foraging thiab khaws cov tsiaj lom zem, tau khoom noj thaum qoj ib ce.

Environmental Enrichment

Qee lub sij hawm, lub enclosures qhov twg cov tsiaj yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug du pem teb thiab phab ntsa, tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv. Peb tuaj yeem ua kom ib puag ncig nyuaj los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau hom substrates rau hauv av, tsev theem ntawm qhov siab sib txawv thiab ntxiv cov yam ntxwv lom neeg, piv txwv li Naturalize ib puag ncig los ntawm kev tso ntoo, hav txwv yeem, cav, chaw nkaum, thaj chaw dej, thiab lwm yam. Tag nrho cov no nyob ntawm hom kev poob cev qhev.

Cia lawv nkag mus rau lwm qhov chaw nyob sab hauv lossis sab nraud nyiam lawv qhov kev tshawb nrhiav, muaj peev xwm taug kev lossis nkaum thiab xaiv cov neeg koom nrog.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev xav ntawm cov tsiaj, peb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account dab tsi lawv perceive tshaj lawv enclosure. Rau cov tsiaj qus hauv kev rov qab los, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau cais lawv pom ntawm peb, vim peb tuaj yeem ua rau lawv qhov kev ntxhov siab thiab lub sijhawm rov qab los yuav ntev dua, thiab, qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov lawv tsis siv. rau peb saib

Tsiaj txhu nyob hauv vaj loog tsua yog rhais chaw rau tib neeg, thiab yuav tsum ua li ntawd txoov kev ntxhov siab Sudden attack.

Muaj cov kev tshawb fawb uas txhawb txoj kev xav tias qee yam tsiaj nyiam tuaj yeem soj ntsuam sab nraud ntawm qhov siab, yog li hom kev nplua nuj no yuav tsum tau txuas mus rau qhov chaw sab hauv hauv qee qhov xwm txheej.

Lwm cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias liab nyob rau hauv enclosures nrog views rau sab nraud ua kom muaj kev coj cwj pwm tsis zoo Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, tib neeg nyob hauv vaj tsiaj. cuam tshuam lawv. Yog li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum yeej ib txwm muaj txoj kev khiav thiab tsis tas yuav raug rau cov pej xeem. Lawv yuav tsum yog tus txiav txim seb lawv puas xav muab tso rau hauv los yog tsis.

Toys

Tseem siv cov khoom ua si tau pom tias yog ib puag ncig zoo, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig Ib qho "khoom ua si" tuaj yeem yog txhua yam, suav nrog roj hmab hoses, chains, strips ntawm daim ntaub, tsheb log tsheb, hlau tuav, dangling yas khoom, flavored chewsthiab zaub mov hauv cov dej khov nab kuab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua yam khoom ua si muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam rau txhua tus tsiaj. Ib yam li ntawd, kev ua si ib yam khoom ua si txhua hnub tuaj yeem ua monotonous thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

Thaum xav txog cov khoom ua si zoo tshaj plaws los siv, peb yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hom phiaj. Cov cov khoom ua si puas nrog cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua. Kev siv lub substrate los txhawb kev noj zaub mov zoo dua li cov khoom ua si uas tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj, uas tsis tuaj yeem noj tau. Cov khoom sib sib zog nqus uas txav tau yooj yim dua yuav txhawb kev ua si.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias "cov khoom ua si" yog ib qho anthropomorphic term, lawv tsis yog "panacea" thiab tsis yog txhua tus muaj cov lus teb zoo..

Environmental enrichment nyob rau hauv Zoos - Hom ntawm ib puag ncig enrichment
Environmental enrichment nyob rau hauv Zoos - Hom ntawm ib puag ncig enrichment

Environmental enrichment kom tsis txhob los yog kho cov stereotypes

Stereotypes yog unnatural repetitive behaviour coj los ntawm cov tsiaj khaws cia rau hauv captivity. Tab sis dab tsi ua rau tus cwj pwm tsis zoo?

Raws li kev tshawb fawb, cov laj thawj yog:

  1. Internal states induced by the Environment los yog los ntawm stimuli sab nraud rau tus tsiaj, uas ua rau los yog txhawb ib qho lus teb.
  2. Ib puag ncig ua rau lub xeev kev ntxhov siab txuas ntxiv uas cuam tshuam rau cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb ntawm lub hlwb uas ua rau muaj kev coj cwj pwm sib txawv, ua rau muaj kev mob siab tsis zoo.
  3. A NIAM NYEEM NOJ NIAM, tseem ua rau muaj kev txawv txav ntawm tus cwj pwm.

Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, nws tau pom tias ib puag ncig enrichment txo cov tsos ntawm stereotypes thiab nce kev txawj ntse, spatial thiab ntawm cov tib neeg.

Environmental enrichment as species

Thaum xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ib puag ncig enrichment, hom uas nws tau qhia yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Txhua yam tsiaj muaj tib yam kev xav tau.

Muab ib lub pas dej tso rau hauv ib lub hnab parrot tsis muaj nuj nqi ntau dua li muab kev pom zoo. Rau parrots, kev nplua nuj yog qhov tseem ceeb dua los ntawm kev noj zaub mov sib txawv, qhov kev tso kawm ntawm perches zoo kom lawv tuaj yeem ya thiab nce siab, thiab siv qee yam khoom ua si.

Tseem me me pas dej ua ke rau hauv cov qauv ntawm tej yam felines, xws li tsov, yog ib tug zoo enrichment ntawm ib puag ncig.

Finally, you must take into account the keepers, who must feed and care for these animals. Ib lub qhov rooj uas muaj cov cav thiab qhov chaw nkaum tsis ua rau cov neeg no yooj yim dua.

Environmental enrichment in Zoos - Environmental enrichment raws li hom tsiaj
Environmental enrichment in Zoos - Environmental enrichment raws li hom tsiaj

Environmental enrichment for captive breeding of protected species

Environmental enrichment for captive animal of species that are within a

Thaum xub thawj, qhov chaw ntawm cov tsiaj no yuav tsum tau ua kom tag nrho naturalized thiab zoo ib yam li lawv qhov chaw nyob. Nws yuav tsum muaj cov khoom uas hom no yuav pom nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm keeb kwm, txawm tias lawv yog thaj chaw dej, thaj chaw ntoo, hav zoov, thiab lwm yam.

Tsis zoo li kev ua ub no hauv vaj tsiaj, hauv cov chaw yug me nyuam nocov neeg tuaj saib tsis raug tso cai los yog, yog tias lawv tso cai, lawv nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam tag nrho thiab sporadically.

Cov zaub mov yuav tsum sib npaug sib npaug. Herbivores yuav tsum kawm kom paub tias cov zaub twg yog zaub mov thiab yam tsis yog. Qhov no feem ntau yog cov niam txiv qhia. Hunting carnivores, los ntawm lawv qhov xwm txheej, yuav tsum kawm mus yos hav zoov. tso tus tsiaj uas tsis paub nrhiav zaub mov tsis ncaj ncees, peb yuav raug txim tuag.

Pom zoo: