Camelids - Hom, piv txwv, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob

Cov txheej txheem:

Camelids - Hom, piv txwv, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob
Camelids - Hom, piv txwv, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob
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Camelids - Hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob fetchpriority=siab
Camelids - Hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob fetchpriority=siab

Tag nrho cov camelids tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub family Camelidae, qhov twg ntau hom nyob. Txawm hais tias cov tsiaj no ib txwm tsis nyob hauv North America, nws nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm thaj av no uas lawv cov poj koob yawm txwv tau pib. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tau tsiv mus rau lwm qhov chaw kom ua rau cov hom tam sim no. Camelids yog ib qho ntawm thawj niaj hnub artiodactyls tau tshwm sim thiab, ntxiv rau qhov muaj kev sib txawv tseem ceeb, lawv tau tsim lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv uas txawv ntawm lawv cov txheeb ze.

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb nthuav qhia lub yam ntxwv ntawm camelids, hom uas muaj nyob thiab qee cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb. Tsis txhob nco!

camelids yog dab tsi thiab lawv faib li cas?

Camelids yog cov tsiaj txhu tsiaj uas belong to the artiodactyl order, uas yog, ungulates nrog txawm-toed extremities, uas tau tsim tshwj xeeb yam ntxwv., ob qho tib si anatomical thiab physiological, uas sib txawv ntawm npua, mos lwj thiab nyuj, ntawm lwm tus.

Txawm hais tias muaj kev sib cav me ntsis, camelids, raws li Integrated Taxonomic Information System [1],

  • Animalia Kingdom
  • Filo: Chordata
  • :
  • Order: Artiodactyla
  • Genres: Camelus, Lama, Vigcuna

Win the genus Camelus, peb nrhiav tau cov kab hauv qab no thiab subspecies:

  • Species: Camelus bactrianus, Camelus dromedarius
  • Subspecies: C. b. bactrianus, ib. b. ferus

To the genus Lama cov hom thiab subspecies belongs:

  • Species: Lama glama
  • Subspecies: L. g. cacsilensis, L. g. loj, L. g. guanicoe

kawg, hauv genus Vigcuna cov hom no txawv:

Species: Vicugna pacos, V icugna vicugna.

Ntawm qhov tod tes, International Union for Conservation of Nature distinguishes of wild and domesticated camels, the qub lees paub tias yog Camelus ferus thiab tom kawg li Camelus bactrianus. Nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau lub genus Lama, cov tsiaj qus daim ntawv yog lees paub tias yog Lama guanicoe, thaum lub domestic daim ntawv tau lees paub tias yog Lama glama. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws kuj suav nrog ob hom subspecies, L. g. cacsilensis thiab L. g. guanicoe ua. Rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Vicugna, xav txog ob lub subspecies, V. v. Vicugna thiab V. v. mensalis.

Chaw Nplej ntawm camelids

Raws li peb tau hais, camelids muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas sib txawv ntawm lwm cov artiodactyls, cia peb kawm seb lawv yog dab tsi:

  • Tseeb, lawv yog Cov hom ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab no txawv ntawm 35 txog 100 kg, kwv yees li, thaum lub ntiaj teb qub muaj qhov hnyav dua, txij li 450 txog 650 kg.
  • Txawm hais tias nyob ntawm cov hom lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv los yog cov khoom lag luam, txhua tus muaj taub hau me me rau lub cev, lawv caj dab yog ntev thiab ob txhais ceg heev.
  • NWATIONZAUBTeb

  • Lwm tus yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm camelids yog tias lawv muaj cov qe ntshav liab me dua li lwm cov tsiaj, nrog rau cov duab elliptical peculiar.
  • Nyob rau cov hniav, lawv muaj tseeb canines, ntxiv rau premolars sib cais los ntawm cov molars los ntawm qhov chaw hu ua diastema.
  • Cov anatomical kev npaj ntawm lub duav thiab extremities yog tshwj xeeb, uas tso cai rau lawv flex lub tom kawg nyob rau hauv lub cev thaum pw.
  • Txawm hais tias lawv nthuav tawm qee qhov kev sib txawv ntawm lub cev nrog cov ruminants, xws li fermenting hauv foregut, lawv txawv ntawm cov ruminants uas lawv muaj plab muab faib ua peb chavNyob rau hauv txhua lub compartments muaj glandular cheeb tsam, tab sis lawv tsis muaj papillae.
  • Camelids tsis muaj hooves, es lawv muaj cov ntsia hlau rau ntawm txhua lub phalanges. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv muaj plantar pads.
  • Lawv txav mus rau hauv ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb, raws li cov qauv txav muaj cov ceg tawv ntawm tib sab txav ib txhij.
  • Cov poj niam ntawm pawg no tsis muaj lub voj voog ovulation, tab sis cov txheej txheem no raug ntxias los ntawm kev txhawb nqa sab nraud, ua ntej lossis thaum mating.
Camelids - hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob - yam ntxwv ntawm camelids
Camelids - hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob - yam ntxwv ntawm camelids

Type of camelids

Peb tuaj yeem hais tias, feem ntau, muaj ob hom camelids:

  • Old world camelids, ib txwm nyob rau Asia thiab Africa.
  • New World Camelids, tshwj xeeb yog los ntawm South America.

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib txawv yog tias cov neeg los ntawm lub ntiaj teb qub muaj ib lossis ob lub humps nyob ntawm hom, ntxiv rau, lawv nthuav qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab hnyav dua li cov camelids ntawm lub ntiaj teb tshiab.

Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm taxonomic thiab nyob ntawm cov neeg paub txog, muaj peb hom camelids, ib genus los ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb Qub thiab ob los ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb Tshiab. Lawv yog:

  • Camelus: hauv pab pawg no peb pom cov camels, Lawv tuaj yeem muaj ib lossis ob lub humps. Cov qub hu ua Arabian los yog Dromedary ntxhuav, thaum lub tom kawg yog hu ua Bactrian los yog Asian ntxhuav. Ob leeg yog cov tsiaj nyob hauv tsev, cuam tshuam nrog ntau pawg neeg. Tsuas yog cov tsiaj qus tau txheeb xyuas tias yog Camelus ferus thiab feem ntau hu ua cov tsiaj qus Bactrian ntxhuav lossis cov ntxhuav qus xwb. Tshawb nrhiav qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntxhuav thiab dromedary hauv lwm tsab xov xwm no.
  • Lama: Nyob rau hauv cov genus no, kuj muaj ib tug qus thiab ib tug domesticated daim ntawv. Cov qub no feem ntau hu ua ' guanaco' (Lama guanicoe), hos lub tom kawg no feem ntau hu ua 'llama ' (Lama glama).
  • Vicugna: the vicuña (Vicugna Vicugna) sib raug rau cov tsiaj qus thiab alpaca (Vicugna pacos) to the domesticated form.
Camelids - Hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob - Hom camelids
Camelids - Hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob - Hom camelids

camelids nyob qhov twg?

Raws li lawv qhov chaw nyob, peb tuaj yeem faib cov camelids tam sim no ua ob pawg, cov neeg nyob hauv thaj chaw qhuav ntawm Africa thiab Asia, ib yam li cov ntxhuav, thiab cov nyob hauv South America, uas yog ob tug tub los ntxhais. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li ntau lwm yam tsiaj, cov tsiaj no tau qhia rau ntau thaj chaw uas lawv tsis koom. Native Qub Ntiaj Teb hom yog Ameslikas hloov mus nyob rau hauv cov chaw nyob nrog hnyav drought tej yam kev mob. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, dromedary ntxhuav yog ib yam ntawm Arabian Peninsula, txuas mus rau sab qaum teb Is Nrias teb mus rau arid zones ntawm teb chaws Africa, nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb muaj nyob rau hauv lub Sahara. Rau nws feem, Bactrian ntxhuav nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab sab hnub poob Asia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog Tuam Tshoj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws qhov kev faib tawm tau txwv tsis pub dhau xyoo tas los no. Lubcov ntxhuav qus yog txwv rau plaub lub subpopulations nruab nrab ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Mongolia.

Rau lawv, cov hom genus Lama tau faib dav, tab sis tsis xwm yeem, los ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm Peru mus rau sab qab teb ntawm ChileLawv nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific thiab sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Atlantic, nrog thaj tsam ntawm hiav txwv mus txog 5,000 meters saum hiav txwv theem ntawm Andean Cordillera. Nws qhov chaw nyob yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua suab puam, xeric scrublands, roob nyom nyom, savannahs lossis temperate forests.

Raws li genus Vicugna, nws txuas mus txog Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina thiab EcuadorLawv nyob hauv cov huab cua txias thiab qhuav, nrog rau cov nroj tsuag xerophytic thiab liab qab. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem nyob hauv cov hav dej ntiav, steppes, thiab cov nyom nyom.

Camelids - Hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob - camelids nyob qhov twg?
Camelids - Hom, yam ntxwv thiab chaw nyob - camelids nyob qhov twg?

Nkauj tawm tshiab

Camelids yog herbivores Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, cov ntxhuav muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov zaub mov tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag nrog pos, qhuav tshuaj ntsuab thiab qab ntsev. Txawm li cas los xij, Bactrian ntxhuav kuj suav nrog cov nqaij noj thaum muaj cov nroj tsuag loj heev. Tau paub tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev pub noj ntawm cov ntxhuav nyob rau hauv no ncej.

Rau lawv, vicuñas thiab alpacas yog cov kws tshaj lij thiab, txawm hais tias lawv tuaj yeem suav nrog cov ntoo hauv lawv cov zaub mov, lawv nyiam cov nyom thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Guanacos thiab llamas kuj muaj cov zaub mov dav dav, noj ntau cov nyom thiab cov nroj tsuag.

Discover other herbivorous animal in this other article.

Txoj kev txuag ntawm camelids

Cov xwm txheej kev txuag tsiaj feem ntau yog ntaus nqi rau cov tsiaj qus, hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, raws li International Union for Conservation of Nature, nws txiav txim siab cov kev faib tawm hauv qab no:

  • Camelus ferus: critically endangered.
  • Lama guanicoe: tsawg kawg kev txhawj xeeb.
  • Vicugna Vicugna: tsawg kawg kev txhawj xeeb.

Pom zoo: