Cov fauna ntawm Mediterranean hav zoov yog qhov dav thiab ntau yam. Cov tsiaj nyeg, noog, tsiaj reptiles, amphibians, ntses thiab kab nyob ua ke nyob rau hauv Mediterranean kev nyab xeeb me ntsis. Txawm li cas los xij, hav zoov nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Mediterranean hav zoov tsis tsuas yog muaj nyob hauv cov teb chaws uas nyob ib puag ncig Hiav Txwv Mediterranean, tsuas yog Egypt, Libya thiab ib feem zoo ntawm Tunisia. Cov chaw uas cov suab puam ciam teb rau hiav txwv.
Nws hom kev nyab xeeb, flora thiab fauna zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov latitudes uas peb yuav tam sim no lub npe: ib feem ntawm California; Central Chile; cheeb tsam Cape hauv South Africa; sab qab teb hnub poob teb chaws Australia thiab cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb (lub teb chaws no yog qhov twg cov fauna feem ntau sib txawv).
ZAUB NTXIV Kev nyeem peb lub xaib, koj tuaj yeem paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawmof un of of un of of of Mediterranean hav zoov Nyob rau lub sijhawm no peb yuav tsom mus rau cov hav zoov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe thiab African da dej los ntawm Hiav Txwv Mediterranean.
The Lynx
lynx, Lynx lynx, from the Mediterranean hav zoov diversified into 4 subspecies:
- Lynx lynx carpathicus. Nws nyob hauv Croatian thiab Slovenian hav zoov.
- Lynx lynx martinoi. Nws qhov kev faib tawm npog tag nrho Balkan Peninsula.
- Lynx lynx dinniqui. Tshaj tawm hauv Qaib Cov Txwv thiab Caucasus
Nyob rau Iberian Peninsula muaj ib tug me me colony ntawm Iberian lynx, Lynx pardinus, nyob rau hauv lub Doñana Reserve (300 tus qauv).
lynx yog ib tug feline nruab nrab, txawm tias nws yog tus loj tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe feline. Cov lynxes uas nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe loj dua li cov hav zoov Mediterranean, vim lawv cov khoom noj muaj xws li ungulates: roe mos lwj, mos lwj, reindeer, feem ntau cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tsis ncav cuag lawv qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav. Kev noj haus ntawm Mediterranean hav zoov lynx yog raws li luav, hares, nas, noog thiab qee zaus miv qus.
lynx hnyav li ntawm 18 txog 30 kg. Nws ntsuas ntawm 80 thiab 130 cm, ntxiv rau tus Tsov tus tw luv. Lub morphology ntawm lynx yog tus tsiaj zoo nkauj. Nrog lub ntsej muag zoo heev vim yog "txhuam" uas npog nws lub pob ntseg, thiab nplooj "sideburns" uas ua rau nws lub ntsej muag. Cov ceg ntev, cov leeg nqaij thiab cov xim sib txawv ntawm cov plaub hau ntawm nws nraub qaum thiab ntawm nws lub plab. Sab nraub qaum muaj cov plaub hau tuab thiab mos ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntev thiab feem ntau yog xim av xim av nrog cov pob dub. Cov plaub hau ntawm nws lub plab yog ntev dua, softer, thiab xim dawb nrog diffuse dub me ntsis. Mediterranean lynxes muaj luv luv, reddish thiab mottled plaub hau tshaj li nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe.
Nws tsis raug hem, tsuas yog nyob hauv Iberian Peninsula.
caracal, Caracal caracal, yog ib tug muaj zog feline uas nyob hauv hav ntoo ntawm tej hav hauv Morocco.
Nws muaj qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, zoo li tus cougar nrog lynx pob ntseg. Nws ntsuas ntawm 60 thiab 90 cm, ntxiv rau tus Tsov tus tw uas tsis ncav cuag 30 cm. Nws muaj luv luv, coarse plaub hau, xim ntawm reddish grey mus rau tawny. Lub ntsej muag ntawm caracal yog qhov zoo kawg li, zoo li nws zoo nkaus li zoo li lub puma, tab sis nrog pob ntseg ncaj, ntev thiab zoo nkauj dua li cov lynx. Hais tias pob ntseg yog crowned los ntawm ib tug ntev dub txhuam.
Nkauj kho siab heev. Nws pub rau hyraxes, hares thiab nas; tab sis nws cov khoom noj tseem ceeb yog cov noog, vim nws yog ib tug zoo climber. Nws ua tiav hauv 50% ntawm kev sim tua tsiaj. Nws qhov tshwj xeeb muaj catching noog thaum lawv ya, vim nws muaj peev xwm dhia siab tshaj 3 meters hauv qhov siab yam tsis nyuaj. Nws kuj pub rau antelope calves.
Nws nyob hauv ntau thaj chaw ntawm Africa thiab Asia, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li muab faib ua ob peb hom subspecies. Nws tsis raug hem, tsuas yog qee thaj chaw hauv Asia.
The Goshawk
The Goshawk, Accipiter gentilis, yog ib tug noog ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg uas nws morphology yog tsim los ya nrog yooj yim thiab meej ntawm cov arboreal foliage ntawm hav zoov.
Nws raug faib thoob plaws Iberian Peninsula, European txoj kab nqes ntawm Mediterranean ntug dej hiav txwv thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Africa, ntawm lwm qhov chaw.
Raws li cov noog ntawm cov noog, cov poj niam loj dua thiab hnyav dua dua cov txiv neej. Vim li no, cov poj niam tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev yos hav zoov cov tsiaj txhu: luav, hares, lizards, squirrels, thiab lwm yam. Cov txiv neej, nrog lub davhlau nrawm dua, saib xyuas kev yos hav zoov lwm cov noog hauv kev ya: partridges, turtledoves, pigeons, thrushes, ravens, etc.
Goshawks ntsuas ntawm 48 thiab 58 cm, nrog ib tug wingspan ntawm 100 mus rau 120 cm. Qhov tseeb tias goshawk yos hav zoov hauv tsob ntoo txhais tau hais tias nws cov tis me me thiab sib npaug piv rau qhov loj ntawm nws lub cev, txawm hais tias nws muaj tus Tsov tus tw loj uas tso cai rau nws ua kom nrawm nrawm thiab raug ntawm cov ntoo thiab cov ntoo.
Goshawk yog ib tug noog uas tsis pom kev zoo heev uas siv cov camouflage ntawm nws cov livery kom nyob twj ywm tsis pom los ntawm ib ceg siab uas ua hauj lwm los ntawm qhov chaw uas yuav stalk nws cov tsiaj. Nws cov plumage zoo li cov falcon, tab sis txawv ntawm nws cov txiv kab ntxwv lossis daj irises, thaum nyob rau hauv falcon lub irises yog tsaus. Txawm hais tias nws zoo sib xws rau falcon, goshawk muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog eagles thiab sparrowhawks.
Tus goshawk tsis tua nws cov tsiaj los ntawm kev rhuav lub caj dab nrog nws cov beak raws li falcons ua. Nws tua lawv ib yam li eagles, los ntawm lub siab ntawm nws cov talons muaj zog.
Nyob rau hauv hav zoov Mediterranean muaj 2 subspecies ntawm goshawk:
- Accipiter gentilis gentilis Tshaj tawm thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Africa.
- Accipiter gentilis arrigonii. Nws nyob hauv cov Islands tuaj ntawm Corsica thiab Sardinia. Tsis muaj goshawks hauv Balearic Islands.
Tsis hem.
European pike
The European pike, Esox lucius, inhabits all European water bass that pass through its forests. Nws yog ib tug voracious predator uas pub ntses, crabs, amphibians, thiab txawm kib ntawm nws tus kheej hom. Exceptionally, nws kuj catches noog uas perch nyob rau hauv dej.
Cov poj niam loj dua txiv neej. Lawv ntsuas ntawm 50 thiab 100 cm, txawm hais tias poj niam txog li 1.5 meters tau piav qhia. Nws qhov hnyav tuaj yeem ncav cuag 25 kg.
Pike yos hav zoov los ntawm lurking zais ntawm algae thiab submerged ceg los yog cag. Thaum tus neeg raug tsim txom los ze nws, nrog lub zog xob laim nws ntes tus neeg raug tsim txom nrog cov hniav ntse ntawm nws lub ntsej muag beaked lub qhov ncauj, uas zoo li tus qaib daim nqi. Lub pike tas li txuas ntxiv nws cov hniav nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus rotating, txawm yog vim tawg los yog hnav.
Nyob rau xyoo 1950, cov thawj coj Spanish tau ua qhov yuam kev loj heev ntawm kev tsim nws cov dej phwj tuaj nrog pike. Obviously, nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv lub voracious lucio annihilated ntau hom ntawm haiv neeg ichthyofauna. Niaj hnub no nws tau tshaj tawm tias yog hom kab mob. Tsis hem.
Qab qab teb
The Mediterranean Qav, Hyla meridionalis, yog ib qho ntawm cov amphibians me tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe thiab North los ntawm Africa.
Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias nws qhov me me, nws muaj ib lub suab nrov tshaj plaws. Lawv qeeb thiab nrov nrov croaking yog ua los ntawm cov txiv neej siv lub suab loj loj uas ua kom lub suab nrov. Ua li no nws nyiam poj niam thiab txhais nws thaj chaw.
Qab me zoo nkauj no muaj ci iab, du lub teeb ntsuab. Uas muab nws ib tug rubbery tsos. Nws ua kis las cov kab txaij dub uas khiav tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg, dhau ntawm lub qhov muag thiab xaus rau ntawm caj npab ntawm ob txhais ceg pem hauv ntej.
Qab qab teb yog faib nyob rau hauv: North Africa, yav qab teb Fabkis, thaj tsam ntawm Mediterranean Spain, thiab western Italy.
Nyob nruab hnub nws nyob twj ywm camouflaged ntawm cov riparian foliage, thiab hmo ntuj pib mus noj kab laug sab thiab kab. Tsis raug hem.
Ketonides
The cetonids, Cetonia, yog qee cov paj kab uas nyob hauv hav zoov thiab lub vaj ntawm thaj av Mediterranean ntawm Tebchaws Europe, Africa, thiab lwm lub tebchaws..
31 hom tau piav qhia. Cov kab no ntaus pob ncaws pob zoo nkauj xim hlau, nrog rau qee hom yog qhov sib sib zog nqus dub speckled nrog me me daj me ntsis.
Lawv yog cov pollinators txawv tshaj plaw, vim lawv pub rau paj ntoos, thiab lawv ib txwm npog hauv paj ntoos uas lawv txav ntawm ib lub paj mus rau lwm qhov.
Cetonid zoo nkauj heev uas tau muab faib thoob plaws hauv txhua hav zoov ntawm lub Mediterranean phiab, nws yog:
Cetonia carthami
No beetle, ntev li 2 cm, muaj ib lub cev compact nrog elytra nyuaj heev. Nws cov xim ntsuab ntsuab flashes nyob rau hauv cov xim sib txawv: liab, bronze los yog kub, nyob ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub teeb ntog ntawm nws lub cev. Kev qeeb qeeb thiab taug kev tsis yooj yim, lawv ya nrawm heev thiab nrog lub suab nrov nrov. Lawv pub rau paj ntoos, nectar, stamens, thiab paj tawg. Nws qhov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws yog ntug hav zoov uas cov paj ntoo ntawm rosemary, thyme, lavender, thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag qus muaj ntau. Lawv kuj muaj nyob rau hauv lub vaj. Lawv nteg lawv cov qe rau ntawm cov cav lwj lossis cov nroj tsuag, uas lawv cov larvae pub. Thaum lawv ya, lawv khaws lawv cov elytra kaw, tawm lawv cov tis ntawm ob sab. Txawm tias lawv loj, lawv ya nrog agility.
The bastard nab, Malpolon monspessulanus, tseem hu ua tus nab Montpelier, yog tus nab loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Europe thiab muaj tshuaj lom, txawm tias nws tsis sawv cev rau tib neeg.
Nws yog 2 meters ntev thiab nws yog ib tug lom nab opistoglypha, txhais tau hais tias cov venom inoculating fangs nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj Muab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov fangs no, nws tsis tshua muaj inoculates txiv neej nrog tshuaj lom, thiab yog tias nws ua, qhov teeb meem yuav tsis mus dhau qhov mob hnyav.
Nws thaj chaw faib khoom npog tag nrho Spanish Mediterranean ntug dej hiav txwv, Fabkis sab qab teb, thiab sab qaum teb Africa. Lawv cov khoom noj yog raws li: luav, nas, noog, lizards thiab lwm yam nab; suav nrog cov qauv me me ntawm lawv tus kheej hom. Tsis raug hem.
