Jellyfish yog cov tsiaj txhu zoo kawg nkaus nrog cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau lawv muaj kev sib txawv hauv cov tsiaj ntiaj teb. Lawv yog cov Cnidaria phylum thiab lawv lub ntsiab feature yog lawv lub cev gelatinous-zoo li, tswb-zoo li tus thiab nrog ib tug tib lub cev kab noj hniav, los ntawm nws qis kawg tuaj tawm tentacles uas muaj tshwj xeeb hlwb hu ua cnidocytes, uas yog stinging thiab muab kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam tau predators…Cov tsiaj no muaj ob theem thaum lawv loj hlob, ib qho yog txuas rau substrate, polyp, thiab lwm yam yog nyob dawb, hu ua medusa.
Koj puas tau xav tias jellyfish yug li cas? Yog tias muaj, txuas ntxiv nyeem tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb qhov chaw uas peb yuav qhia koj txhua yam txog lub neej ntawm jellyfish thiab lawv txoj kev loj hlob.
Pob jellyfish lay egg?
Feem ntau, txhua hom jellyfish muaj cais poj niam txiv neej, uas yog, lawv yog dioecious thiab tso lawv gametes rau hauv dej hiav txwv thaum yug me nyuam. Thaum tso tawm, fertilization tshwm sim, qhov phev yuav fertilize lub ovules thiab cov no yuav yog cov qe uas tus poj niam yuav saib xyuas ntawm nws tentacles mus incubate lawv, yog li jellyfish suav hais tias yog oviparous
Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj hom qhov twg tib neeg muaj ob tug poj niam, uas yog, lawv yog hermaphrodites, yog li ntawd lawv tus kheej tso ob hom gametes mus rau sab nraud, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm tus neeg. Tshawb nrhiav tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv kab lus no hais txog kev yug me nyuam ntawm jellyfish.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov tsiaj no tuaj yeem yug me nyuam, los ntawm strobilation, txheej txheem uas peb yuav piav qhia tom qab, thiab los ntawm cov buds yog tsim los ntawm cov me me jellyfish yuav yug los.
Raws li peb yuav pom, jellyfish muaj alternation ntawm tiam, muaj peev xwm muaj ob theem thaum lawv biological voj voog, ib tug raws li ib tug polyp thiab ib tug raws li ib tug medusa. Nyob rau hauv luv luv, yug ntawm jellyfish yog ib tug fascinating txheej txheem vim tsis muaj ib tug qauv.
jellyfish yug li cas?
Lub voj voog ntawm cov jellyfish yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lwm tiam neeg. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias, ntawm ib sab, muaj sessile polyps nrog asexual reproduction thiab, ntawm qhov tod tes, dawb-nyob thiab pelagic jellyfish nrog kev sib deev. Tom ntej no, peb yuav pom ntau yam ntxiv.
Jellyfish qe yog hatched ntawm niam lub tentacles. Tom qab nws txoj kev loj hlob, ib tug larva hu ua ib tug planula yug los Tus larva no, thaum nws npaj txhij los ua ywj siab, ntab tawm ntawm nws niam dawb-floating. Tom qab ob peb hnub, nws nqis los txog rau thaum nws pom ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv lub seabed, thiab nws yog nyob rau lub sij hawm no nws thiaj li hu ua polyp theem no uas metamorphosis thiab nws cov duab hloov, ua ciliated thiab khob-zoo li tus nrog ib tug suction khob uas tso cai rau nws mus ua raws li seabed.
Thaum lub sijhawm polyp, cov jellyfish zoo li lub hiav txwv anemone. Tus polyp feeds on plankton as it slow matures. Tom qab ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm los, lub polyp reproduces asexually, tsim ib tug colony ntawm me me polyps, uas tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev ntawm niam txiv. Cov tswv cuab tshiab ntawm cov colony tsim cov hlab uas lawv tuaj yeem noj tau. Cov theem no yuav raug tswj xyuas nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm nws ib puag ncig, txij li nws tuaj yeem nyob ntawm hnub mus rau ntau xyoo yog tias cov xwm txheej tsis zoo. Tom qab ntawd, cov theem tom ntej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob muaj kev sib cais ntawm pawg neeg thiab qhov ntawd yog thaum ntau pua mus rau txhiab me me jellyfish, uas yog, cov hluas ntawm jellyfish.
Muaj pes tsawg tus me nyuam mos jellyfish muaj?
Nyob ntawm hom, jellyfish muaj peev xwm tso pua qe, los ntawm cov me me planular larvae yuav tshwm sim. Raws li peb tau piav qhia, nws lub neej pib ntawm nws niam lub tentacles, thiab tom qab ntawd nws pib ua luam dej dawb mus txog thaum nws nrhiav tau qhov chaw nyob. Tom qab ntawd tus polyp yuav pub thiab loj hlob mus rau ib tug neeg laus jellyfish. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov xeeb ntxwv tsis tau txhais thiab, raws li peb tau hais, lawv tuaj yeem nteg ntau pua lub qe, qee hom kawm tau pw ze li 500, tab sis tsuas yog ib feem me me xwb thiaj li tsim tau.
Yug jellyfish los ntawm hom
Cov tsiaj zoo nkauj thiab tshwj xeeb no, raws li tau hais los saum no, tau muab cais tawm hauv Cnidaria phylum. Lawv yog cov cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj cov kab mob stinging hu ua cnidocytes, uas tso cai rau lawv tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej tawm tsam cov tsiaj txhu lossis yog tias lawv cuam tshuam. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm jellyfish, tsis zoo li lwm hom, cov cnidocytes muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov tentacles, uas tso cai rau lawv tua lawv cov tsiaj ua ntej lawv zom.
Lub sij hawm medusa yog siv los xa mus rau ntau pua hom tsiaj uas nyob rau hauv lem muab faib ua peb pawg loj, tag nrho nrog polyp cov ntaub ntawv thiab jellyfish, txawm tias muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv qhov yug. Tom ntej no, peb qhia txog cov kev tshwj xeeb no hais txog lawv qhov yug, tab sis yog tias koj xav paub ntau ntxiv txog hom jellyfish, tsis txhob nco lwm tsab xov xwm no.
Hydromedusae los yog hydrozoans
chav kawm no yog tsim los ntawm ob hom dej hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv thiab muaj kev hloov pauv ntau tiam, qhov twg muaj cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab benthic polyps thiab, Ntawm qhov tod tes, planktonic thiab kev sib deev jellyfish Nyob rau hauv ntau hom nws yog ib qho tshwm sim rau polyps los ua ib tug colony uas qee tus neeg tuaj yeem tsim kev sib deev thiab asexually. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov cheeb tsam yog them los ntawm ib qho exoskeleton ua los ntawm chitin.
Tsis zoo li lwm cov chav kawm, hydromedusae txawv ntawm qhov lawv muaj mesoglea, uas yog cov qauv tsim los ntawm cov gelatinous loj uas cais cov txheej ntawm epithelium thiab tsis muaj cov nyob hauv hlwb, yog li uas feem ntau yog tsim. nce ntawm collagen. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv tsis muaj cnidocytes nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij ntawm lawv lub plab, uas yog, nyob rau hauv lub gastrodermis, tab sis lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub tentacles, uas muaj ib tug haib tshuaj lom.
Cov hom no tsim cov cheeb tsam uas txhua tus hydroid ua tiav ib qho haujlwm tshwj xeeb, yog li koj tuaj yeem pom cov neeg saib xyuas kev zom zaub mov, hu ua gastrozoids, thiab cov uas yuav ua tus saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv colony, hu ua dactylozoids thiab lawv yog. pom nyob rau hauv cov tentacles, thiab cov gonozoides, nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev ua me nyuam. Ib qho kev nthuav dav yog tias txhua tus gonozoid tsim cov asexual polyps uas tsim sessile colonies, uas yuav hloov mus rau hauv kev sib deev jellyfish.
Scyphomedusae or scyphozoa
Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm chav kawm no yog cov paub zoo tshaj plaws thiab tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam nrog lub npe jellyfish. Ntawm no yog cov tsiaj loj tshaj plaws, xws li Cyanea capillata, uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag li peb meters ntev nrog rau nws cov tentacles, nrog rau me me jellyfish uas nyuam qhuav ncav cuag 2 cm ntev.
chav kawm no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj , yog li ntawd lawv siv sij hawm feem ntau ntawm lawv lub neej nyob rau theem jellyfish. Lawv rov tsim dua kev sib deev los ntawm kev tsim cov qe, los ntawm qhov uas cov larva yuav tsim. Tus larva hlob mus txog thaum nws npaj txhij rau strobilation tshwm sim, tab sis nws yog dab tsi? Strobilation yog tus txheej txheem uas, dhau los ntawm kev sib hloov pauv, me me jellyfish hu ua ephyra yog keeb kwm, uas yuav loj hlob mus txog rau thaum lawv dhau los ua neeg laus jellyfish.
Cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov jellyfish no muaj kev faib tawm ntawm ib hom superimposed discs, txhua tus muaj tib DNA. Nws yog ib hom kev yug me nyuam, yog li txhua lub disc tso tawm yog ib qho ephyra uas, nyob rau lub sij hawm luv luv, yuav hloov mus rau hauv me me jellyfish uas yuav loj hlob mus txog rau thaum nws mus txog rau cov neeg laus, thaum lub sij hawm nws biological voj voog tiav.
Cubomedusas or cubozoos
Cov chav kawm tsim los ntawm hom faib hauv Philippines, Australia thiab lwm thaj chaw sov. Lawv kuj hu ua hiav txwv wasps, ib lub npe uas muab los ntawm lawv cov tshuaj lom txaus ntshai tam sim no hauv lawv cov tentacles, uas tau txhaj los ntawm cov nematocysts ntawm lawv cov tentacles, ib tug qauv uas, zoo li ib tug harpoon, inoculates cov tshuaj lom rau hauv nws prey.
Lawv yog tus yam ntxwv muaj daim ntaub thaiv, ib qho qauv uas zoo li daim ntaub thaiv nyob hauv hydromedusae. Hauv hydromedusae, daim ntaub thaiv yog ib daim ntaub ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg nyob hauv qab lub kaus (cov qauv uas lub qhov ncauj nyob hauv qab, nws yog concave thiab muab nws cov duab ntawm lub tswb) uas cais cov sab hauv ntawm sab nraud. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub thawv jellyfish, lub wake yog ib tug qauv uas intervenes nyob rau hauv digestion.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub thawv jellyfish muaj rhopals, cov khoom siv hauv nruab nrog cev uas ua raws li lub qhov muag uas tso cai rau lawv taw qhia lawv tus kheej ua tsaug rau qhov muaj cov photoreceptors hauv lawv. Lawv yog lub voos xwmfab zoo li tus, yog li lub npe ntawm lawv cov chav kawm, thiab cov xim xiav heev. Hauv chav kawm no strobilation tsis tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm yug me nyuam, thiab los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb nws paub tias qee hom muaj peev xwm copulate thiab tsuas yog ib tug jellyfish tawm ntawm txhua polyp tom qab metamorphosis.
