Parrots yog cov noog uas belong to the order Psittaciformes, ua los ntawm cov tsiaj uas tau muab faib thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv teb chaws sov thiab subtropical. South America, Africa, Australia thiab New Zealand, qhov chaw muaj ntau haiv neeg. Lawv sawv cev rau ib pab pawg uas nws tus yam ntxwv cais lawv zoo heev los ntawm cov noog, xws li lawv cov ceg tawv, muaj zog thiab nkhaus uas tso cai rau lawv noj ntau yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov noob, nrog rau lawv cov prehensile thiab zygodactyl ob txhais ceg. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lawv nthuav tawm plumages nrog ntau yam qauv tsim, ntxiv rau muaj ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg. Lawv yog cov tsiaj uas txawj ntse tshaj plaws thiab muaj peev xwm tsim tau tib neeg lub suab, lwm yam uas ua rau lawv cov noog tshwj xeeb heev.
Ntawv nyeem tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb lub xaib thiab peb yuav qhia koj txog hom parrots, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab npe.
Chaw Ntsuag Parrots
Cov noog no tsim ib qho kev txiav txim nrog ntau tshaj 370 hom uas nyob rau thaj tsam kub thiab kub kub ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab muab faib ua peb superfamilies (Strigopoidea, Psittacoidea thiab Cacatuoidea) uas txawv ntawm qhov zoo xws li qhov loj me, plumage coloration thiab geographic faib. Lawv muaj ntau yam tshwj xeeb xws li cov uas peb yuav pom hauv qab no:
- Patas: lawv muaj zygodactyl ob txhais ceg, uas yog, nrog ob tug ntiv tes rau pem hauv ntej thiab ob sab rov qab uas kuj prehensile thiab tso cai rau lawv los tswj koj. zaub mov. Lawv luv tab sis muaj zog thiab nrog lawv lawv tuaj yeem tuav ruaj khov rau cov ceg ntoo.
- Picos: lawv cov beaks muaj zog, tuab thiab xaus rau hauv ib tug hais lus nuv, ib tug cwj pwm uas txawv lawv los ntawm tag nrho cov noog, raws li zoo raws li lawv cov leeg nqaij tus nplaig uas ua zoo li daim txhuam cev thaum pub paj ntoos, piv txwv li, los yog zoo li tus ntiv tes thaum lawv xav rho tawm ib feem ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm tsob ntoo. Lawv muaj cov qoob loo uas lawv khaws cov zaub mov ib nrab thiab tom qab ntawd regurgitate cov ntsiab lus rau lawv cov hluas los yog rau lawv tus khub.
- Khoom noj: nws muaj ntau yam sib txawv thiab feem ntau muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab noob, txawm tias qee hom tuaj yeem ua tiav lawv cov zaub mov nrog paj ntoos thiab nectar thiab lwm tus kuj noj carrion thiab me vertebrates.
- Habitats: lawv nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv suab puam, hav zoov qhuav thiab cov hav zoov ntub dej mus rau thaj chaw anthropized xws li cog thiab qoob loo. Muaj ntau hom kab dav dav uas hloov tau yooj yim rau kev hloov pauv hauv lawv ib puag ncig thiab lwm yam tshwj xeeb uas xav tau ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb los txhim kho tau zoo, qhov zoo uas ua rau lawv muaj kev phom sij heev thiab ntau hom raug hem.
- Cwj pwm: ntau hom parrots yog gregarious noog, uas yog, lawv yog kev sib raug zoo thiab tsim ib pawg loj heev, qee hom tuaj txog. tsim pab pawg ntawm ntau txhiab tus neeg. Ntau hom tsiaj ua phooj ywg rau lub neej, yog li lawv yog monogamous thiab zes nyob rau hauv tsob ntoo qhov los yog tso tseg termite mounds, tshwj tsis yog cov New Zealand kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), uas yog tib lub flyless parrot uas zes rau hauv av, thiab Argentine parrot (Myiopsitta monachus) uas tsim cov zej zog loj zes siv cov ceg ntoo. Lawv paub tias yog ib pab neeg txawj ntse tshaj plaws ntawm cov noog thiab rau lawv lub peev xwm los kawm cov lus thiab nthuav cov kab lus.
Qhov kev txiav txim Psittaciformes muab faib ua peb lub tsev neeg uas, dhau los, muaj lawv tus kheej kev faib tawm. Yog li, cov hom parrots tseem ceeb yog cov neeg nyob hauv cov tsev neeg hauv qab no:
- Strigopoidea-Suav nrog New Zealand parrots.
- Cacatuoidea: Includes cockatoos.
- Psittacoidea: suav nrog cov parrots paub zoo tshaj plaws thiab lwm yam psittacoids.
Superfamily Strigopoidea
Tam sim no, tsuas muaj plaub hom ntawm lub superfamily no: kakapo (Strigops habroptitus), kea (Nestor notabilis), South Island kaka (Nestor meridionalis meridionalis) thiab North Island kaka (Nestor meridionalis spetentrionalis).
The Strigopoidea superfamily muab faib ua ob tsev neeg, uas suav nrog hom parrots hais:
- Strigopoidae: with the genus Strigops.
- Nestoridae: with the genus Nestor.
Superfamily Cacatuoidea
Raws li peb hais, lub tsev neeg no yog tsim los ntawm cockatoos, yog li nws tsuas suav nrog family Cacatuidae, uas muaj peb lub tsev neeg:
- Nymphicinae: with the genus Nymphicus.
- Calyptorhynchinae: with the genus Calyptorhynchus.
- Cacatuinae: with the genera Probosciger, Eolophus, Lophochroa, Callocephalon thiab Cacatua.
Peb nrhiav tau hom xws li cov kab dawb (Cacatua alba), nymphal cockatoo (Nymphicus hollandicus) los yog liab-tailed cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii).
Superfamily Psittacoidea
Nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov, vim nws suav nrog ntau tshaj 360 hom parrots. Nws muab faib ua peb tsev neeg, txhua tus nrog nws cov subfamilies sib txawv thiab genera:
- Psittacidae: suav nrog cov tsev neeg Psittacinae (nrog cov genera Psittacus thiab Poicephalus) thiab Arinae (nrog cov genera (Anodorhynchus, Ara, Cyanopsitta, Primolius, Orthopsittaca, Diopsittaca, Rhynchopsitta, Ognorhynchus, Leptosittaca, Guaruba, Aratinghura, Pyrrr. Nandayus, Cyanoliseus, Enicognathus, Pionopsitta, Pyrilia, Graydidascalus, Alipiopsitta, Pionus Amazona, Triclaria, Forpus, Pionites, Deroptyus, Hapalopsittaca, Touit, Brotogeris, Bolborhynchus, Myiopsita, Psilnopsitta, thiab Nandayus.
- Psittrichasidae: include the subfamilies Psittrichasinae (nrog cov genus Psittrichas) thiab Coracopseinae (nrog cov genus Coracopsis).
- Psittaculidae: suav nrog cov tsev neeg Platycercinae (nrog cov genera Barnardius, Platycercus, Psephotus, Purpureicephalus, Northiella, Lathamus, Prosopeia, Eunymphicus, Cyanoramphus, Pezoporus, Neopsephotus thiab Neophema), Psittacellinae (nrog genus Psittacella),Loriinae (nrog cov genera Oreopsittacus, Charmosyna, Vini, Phigys, Neopsittacus, Glossopsitta, Lorius, Psitteuteles, Pseudeos, Eos, Chalcopsitta, Trichoglossus, Melopsittacus, Psittaculost, Agapornithinae (nrog cov genera Bolbopsittacus, Loriculus thiab Agapornis) thiab Psittaculinae (nrog cov genera Alisterus, Aprosmictus, Polytelis, Eclectus, Geoffroyus, Tanygnathus, Psittinus, Psittacula, Prioniturus, thiab Micropsitta).
Hauv no superfamily peb pom cov parrots raug, yog li muaj hom xws li roseate parakeet (Neopsephotus bourkii), Malagasy lovebird (Agapornis canus) lossis liab-throated lory (Charmosyna amabilis).
hom parrots kuj muab faib raws li qhov loj me, raws li peb yuav pom nyob rau hauv seem nram no.
Type of me parrots
Muaj ntau hom me parrots uas muaj nyob, hauv qab no peb qhia txog kev xaiv cov neeg sawv cev los yog hom nrov tshaj plaws.
Microloro pusio (Micropsitta pusio)
Hom no belongs rau superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittaculidae thiab subfamily Psittaculinae). Nrog rau qhov ntev ntawm 8 txog 11 cm, yog hom me me ntawm parrot uas muaj nyobNws yog hom me me, tab sis nws yog nyob rau New Guinea, nyob hauv thaj chaw. ntawm hav zoov hav zoov thiab tsim cov pab pawg me ntawm txog rau tus neeg.
Dwarf Catita (Forpus xanthopterygius)
Tseem hu ua Blue-winged Parrot, hom no muaj nyob rau hauv superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittacidae thiab subfamily Arinae), ntsuas ib ncig 13 cm ntev, yog ib txwm nyob rau South America thiab nyob txhua yam los ntawm cov chaw qhib ntuj mus rau cov chaw ua si hauv nroog. Nws nthuav tawm kev sib deev dimorphism (tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim hauv qhov kev txiav txim Psittaciformes), qhov twg tus txiv neej muaj plaub ya dav hlau thiab tus poj niam yog ntsuab tag. Zoo heev pom lawv ua khub.
Australian Parrot (Melopsittacus undulatus)
Kuj hu ua Australian parakeet, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittaculidae, subfamily Loriinae), nws yog ib hom haiv neeg. rau Australia thiab tseem muaj kev txom nyem nyob rau ntawd, txawm hais tias nws tau qhia hauv ntau lub tebchaws. Nws ntsuas txog 18 cm ntev thiab inhabitants ntawm arid los yog ib nrab arid zones mus rau cov ntoo los yog thickets. Nyob rau hauv hom no muaj kev sib deev dimorphism thiab tus poj niam tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov txiv neej los ntawm cov quav ciab ntawm lub beak (nqaij uas qee cov noog muaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm beak), vim cov poj niam muaj xim av, thaum tus txiv neej yog xim av. xiav.
Lub budgerigar yog ib qho ntawm cov nyiam tshaj plaws hauv tsev parrots vim nws qhov loj, tus cwj pwm thiab kev zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias txhua tus noog uas nyob hauv kev poob cev qhev yuav tsum txaus siab rau lub sijhawm ya, yog li nws tsis pom zoo kom cia lawv nyob hauv tawb 24 teev hauv ib hnub.
Type of medium parrots
Nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 370 hom parrots peb kuj pom cov hom nruab nrab. Qee qhov paub zoo tshaj plaws yog:
Argentine Parrot (Myiopsitta monachus)
. Nws nyob hauv South America, los ntawm Bolivia mus rau Argentina, txawm li cas los xij, nws tau qhia nyob rau hauv lwm lub tebchaws ntawm Asmeskas thiab lwm lub tebchaws, uas tau ua rau nws dhau los ua tus kab mob plague, vim nws muaj lub voj voog me me luv thiab nteg ob peb lub qe. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib hom tsiaj loj heev uas muaj zej zog zes sib koom los ntawm ob peb khub.
Philippine Cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia)
Cov noog no nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Philippines Islands thiab nyob hauv thaj chaw qis mangrove. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv superfamily Cacatuoidea (tsev neeg Cacatuidae thiab subfamily Cacatuinae). Nws nce mus txog 35 cm ntev thiab nws cov plumage dawb yog unmistakable vim lub liab cheeb tsam hauv qab lub rectrices (tail) plaub thiab cov plaub los yog daj. nws lub taub hau. Hom no muaj kev phom sij rau kev ploj tuag vim kev yos hav zoov tsis raug cai.
ZAJ DUA LOS paub cov tsiaj uas muaj kev puas tsuaj tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
Collared Lory (Lorius chlorocercus)
Species in the superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittaculidae, subfamily Loriinae). Lub collared lory yog ib hom neeg nyob hauv Solomon Islands uas nyob hauv hav zoov thiab toj siab. Nws ntsuas nruab nrab ntawm 28 thiab 30 cm ntev thiab muaj cov yeeb yuj plumage uas sawv tawm rau kev qhia liab, ntsuab thiab daj, thiab muaj ib tug cwj pwm dub hood ntawm lub taub hau.. Nws yog ib hom uas tsis tau kawm me ntsis, tab sis nws tau xav tias nws txoj kev biology zoo ib yam li cov Psittaciformes.
Type ntawm parrots loj
Peb kaw hom parrots cais raws qhov loj me nrog qhov loj tshaj plaws. Cov hom nrov tshaj plaws yog cov no:
Blue Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
Nkauj mus rau superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittacidae, subfamily Arinae), nws yog ib txwm nyob rau Brazil, Bolivia thiab Paraguay, thiab yog ib hom noog loj uas nyob hauv hav zoov thiab hav zoov. Nws tuaj yeem ntsuas ntau tshaj ib 'meter' ntev, yog hom macaw loj tshaj plaws. Nws yog ib hom kab txawv heev tsis yog vim nws qhov loj me thiab nws tus Tsov tus tw nrog cov plaub ntev heev, tab sis kuj vim nws cov xim xiav nrog cov ntsiab lus daj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag thiab ntawm lub beak. Nws yog categorized li "Vulnerable" vim poob ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob thiab kev lag luam tsis raug cai. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib hom tsiaj uas nws lub voj voog ntev heev, txij li thaum nws ncav cuag lub hnub nyoog me nyuam ntawm 7 xyoo.
Ob leeg rau nws txoj kev zoo nkauj thiab nws txoj kev txawj ntse, hyacinth macaw yog lwm qhov xav tau ntau hom parrots hauv tsev. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias nws yog hom kab mob yooj yim, yog li nws yuav tsum nyob hauv kev ywj pheej. Nrhiav kom paub ntau ntxiv txog hom parrot nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm: "Puas yog xiav macaw nyob rau hauv txaus ntshai ntawm extinction?"
Red Macaw (Ara macao)
Species of the superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittacidae, subfamily Arinae), nce mus txog ntau tshaj 90 cm ntev suav nrog nws tus Tsov tus tw, uas muaj ntev plaub, yog ib hom loj tshaj plaws ntawm parrots uas muaj nyob. Nws nyob hauv hav zoov hav zoov hav zoov, hav zoov, roob thiab thaj av los ntawm Mexico mus rau Brazil. Nws yog qhov tshwm sim heev uas pom cov tsiaj ntawm ntau dua 30 tus neeg sawv cev rau lawv cov plumage liab nrog tis nrog xiav thiab daj cov ntsiab lus.
Green Macaw (Ara militaris)
Nov yog macaw me me dua li lwm tus, kuj suav nrog hauv cov superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittacidae, subfamily Arinae), thiab nws ncav cuag li 70 cm ntevNws yog ib hom kab uas nthuav tawm ntawm Mexico mus rau Argentina thiab nyob hav zoov hauv lub xeev zoo ntawm kev txuag, vim li no nws yog siv los ua bioindicator ntawm kev noj qab haus huv thiab zoo ntawm ib puag ncig nws nyob, txij li nws nyiam ploj mus nyob rau hauv degraded tej vaj tse. Nws yog categorized li "Vulnerable" vim qhov poob ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob. Nws plumage yog ntsuab ntawm nws lub cev nrog ib tug liab nthuav dav ntawm nws hauv pliaj.
Types of talking parrots
Nyob hauv ntiaj teb no cov noog muaj ntau yam kev txiav txim nrog cov tsiaj uas muaj peev xwm ua raws li tib neeg lub suab thiab kawm, cim thiab rov hais dua cov lus thiab cov kab lus nthuav dav. Hauv pab pawg no muaj ntau hom parrots uas muaj kev txawj ntse ntse heev thiab muaj peev xwm sib cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg, txij li los ntawm qhov no lawv tuaj yeem kawm cov kab lus thiab txawm tias koom nrog lawv nrog lub ntsiab lus. Peb yuav saib qee hom kev hais lus parrots hauv qab no.
Grey Parrot (Psittacus erithacus)
Hnub ntawm superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittacidae, subfamily Psittacinae), ib txwm nyob rau Africa uas nyob hauv hav zoov hav zoov thiab savannahs. Nws ntsuas kwv yees li ntawm 30 thiab 40 cm ntev thiab yog qhov zoo heev vim nws cov plumage grey nrog liab ntawm tus Tsov tus tw. Nws yog ib hom rhiab heev rau nws ib puag ncig thiab yog, par excellence, hais lus parrot hom. Nws muaj qhov muaj peev xwm kawm tau cov lus thiab cim tau lawv, thiab muaj kev txawj ntse piv rau cov me nyuam me.
Precisely vim nws txoj kev txawj ntse thiab kev kawm muaj peev xwm, lub yaco yog lwm yam ntawm cov nrov tshaj plaws hom parrots nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Ntxiv dua thiab, peb hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tso cov tsiaj no pub dawb kom lawv tuaj yeem ya thiab tawm dag zog. Ib yam li ntawd, peb xav kom koj xav txog kev ua tswv ntawm cov noog ua ntej yuav coj lawv vim txhua yam uas peb tau hais los saum toj no.
Blue-fronted Amazon or Talking Parrot (Amazona aestiva)
Haiv neeg rau South America, hom parrot no belongs rau superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittacidae, subfamily Arinae), nyob hauv hav zoov thiab hav zoov, suav nrog thaj chaw hauv nroog thiab thaj chaw cog qoob loo ntawm Bolivia mus rau Argentina. It is a very long-lived species, with records of individuals up to 90 years old. Nws muaj ib qhov loj ntawm ib ncig ntawm 35 cm thiab ib tug yam ntxwv plumage ntawm lub hauv pliaj nrog xiav plaub. Nrov heev vim nws lub peev xwm los tsim tib neeg lub suab thiab kawm tau ntau lo lus thiab kab lus ntev.
Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus)
Cov kab mob uas tau muab faib rau hauv Solomon Islands, cov Islands tuaj ntawm Indonesia, New Guinea thiab Australia, qhov chaw nws nyob hauv hav zoov thiab nplooj ntoo thiab thaj chaw roob. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv superfamily Psittacoidea (tsev neeg Psittaculidae, subfamily Psittaculinae). Nws ntsuas ntawm 30 thiab 40 cm thiab muaj cim heev deev dimorphism, txij li cov txiv neej thiab poj niam sib txawv nyob rau hauv uas tom kawg muaj nws lub cev liab tag nrho nrog cov ntsiab lus hauv xiav. thiab tus beak yog dub, hos tus txiv neej yog ntsuab thiab nws beak yog daj. Thaum lawv pom cov tsiaj no, qhov no ua rau kev ntseeg tias lawv yog ob hom sib txawv. Hom kab no, zoo li yav tas los, kuj muaj peev xwm tsim tau tib neeg lub suab, txawm hais tias nws yuav siv sijhawm ntau los kawm.
