EQUINE PYROPLASMOSIS - Cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho

Cov txheej txheem:

EQUINE PYROPLASMOSIS - Cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho
EQUINE PYROPLASMOSIS - Cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kho
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Equine Piroplasmosis - Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob fetchpriority=siab
Equine Piroplasmosis - Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob fetchpriority=siab

Equine piroplasmosis is a kab mob kis los ntawm zuam thiab tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntshav protozoa uas tsim cov kev hloov pauv los ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab teeb meem. circulatory, muaj peev xwm ua tau los ntawm ib tug mob me me mus rau ib tug hyperacute ib tug derives nyob rau hauv lub tuag ntawm tus tsiaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov tsos mob tsis yog tshwj xeeb thiab hloov pauv nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob, uas nyob rau hauv lem yuav nyob ntawm tus kab mob cab thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yuav raug txiav txim siab los ntawm thaj chaw uas tus nees kis tau.

equine piroplasmosis yog dab tsi?

Equine piroplasmosis yog ib yam kab mob ntau tshaj plaws hauv nees. Nws yog kab mob parasitic kis los ntawm ixodid zuam ntawm genus Dermacentor, Hyalomma thiab Rhipicephalus, uas cuam tshuam rau nees, mules, nees luav thiab nees txaij (cov zuam no ua haujlwm loj. reservoir ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv teb chaws Africa). Lwm hom kev sib kis tuaj yeem yog iatrogenic los ntawm cov khoom siv phais mob, cov kab mob sib kis los yog koob, thiab kev muab ntshav los ntawm cov tsiaj cab. Nws yog ib yam kab mob uas ua rau kev puas tsuaj feem ntau rau cov qe ntshav liab nees, tsim cov tsos mob los ntawm hemolytic anemia vim lawv rupture, ntxiv rau tsim cov tsos mob ntau yam. tsis yog tshwj xeeb thiab, qee zaum, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas xaus nrog tus tsiaj hauv kev poob siab vim muaj ntshav ntim tsawg (qis hauv tus tsiaj cov ntshav ntim).

Feem coob ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj cov kab mob sib kis (piv txwv li cov kab mob sib kis), uas yog thaj chaw sov sov, subtropical, thiab temperate zones ntawm sab qab teb Europe, Africa, Asia, Caribbean, South. Tebchaws Asmeskas, Central America thiab qee qhov chaw nyob rau yav qab teb Asmeskas. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm equine piroplasmosis yog kev txwv tsis pub txav mus los, kev sib tw thiab kev lag luam ntawm nees thoob ntiaj teb, yog ib qho kev pheej hmoo tshwj xeeb hauv cov cheeb tsam uas nws tsis muaj kab mob.

Dab tsi ua rau equine piroplasmosis?

Piroplasmosis hauv nees yog tshwm sim los ntawm hematic protozoa uas yog tus txiav txim Piroplasmida thiab phylum Apicomplexa, tshwj xeebTheileria equi (theileriosis) and/or Babesia caballi (babesiosis). B. caballi parasitizes tsuas yog cov qe ntshav liab ntawm nees, thaum T. equi kuj parasitizes qe ntshav dawb, tshwj xeeb, nws thawj invades lymphocytes thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm cuaj hnub parasitizes qe ntshav liab. Nws yog ib yam kab mob uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo yog tias muaj kab mob sib xyaw lossis theileriosis tshwm sim tshwj xeeb, vim tias cov mob babesiosis tshwm sim tsuas yog lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no.

Lub npe piroplasmosis yog vim lub pear-puab zoo li cov kab mob tshwm sim hauv cov qe ntshav liab ntawm cov nees. Nees uas tau kis tus kab mob tuaj yeem yog tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm B. caballi rau ob peb xyoos, thaum T. equi rau lub neej, ua qhov chaw kis kab mob rau cov zuam uas, dhau los, yuav tom lwm tus nees, kis tus kab mob. T. equi kuj tseem kis tau los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas xaus nrog kev tuag ntawm fetus, rho menyuam lossis mob hnyav rau cov menyuam mos.

Equine piroplasmosis cov tsos mob

Ob tus kab mob parasites tsom rau nees cov qe ntshav liab thiab ua rau muaj qhov sib npaug hauv lawv, hemolytic anemia yog tsim tawm vim nws rupture, ua mob hnyav ntau dua cov kab mob parasitic load ntawm tus tsiaj, uas feem ntau hnyav dua nyob rau hauv lub ileriosis, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau hemolysis ntau dua 40%.

Cov kab mob hnyav yog ntau tshaj plaws thiab muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm hemolysis xws li:

ZAUGANCE.

  • Tissue anoxia (tsis muaj oxygen).
  • Pab mob plab.
  • Tachycardia (siab lub plawv dhia).
  • Tachypnea (ua pa ntxiv ib feeb).
  • Ua npaws (siab dua 40ºC).
  • Ple or yellow discoloration (jaundice) ntawm mucous membranes.
  • Anorexy.
  • Nyob.
  • Txoj kev nyuaj siab.
  • Nyob tsis muaj zog.
  • cem quav, nrog cov quav me me, qhuav.
  • Thrombocytopenia (txo tag nrho platelet suav).
  • me me hemorrhages (petechiae los yog ecchymosis).
  • Hemoglobinuria (poob hemoglobin hauv cov zis, muab cov zis liab liab).
  • Bilirubinemia (nce bilirubin hauv cov ntshav vim hemolysis).
  • Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv equine babesiosis lawv muaj peev xwm predominate over hemolytic anemia hloov pauv hauv cov hlab ntsha nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub paj hlwb, thrombi. nyob rau hauv lub ntsws, ob lub raum thiab daim siab uas hloov lawv cov hauj lwm kom zoo, raws li zoo raws li tso tawm cov parasitic enzymes uas xaus nrog vasodilation, nce permeability ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab poob siab vim cov ntshav poob uas yuav xaus lub neej ntawm peb nees.

    Hmoov zoo, cov no tsis yog qhov tshwm sim ntau zaus. Hauv cov mobkab mob chronic, cov tsos mob ntawm piroplasmosis hauv nees yog:

    • qhia ua kom muaj zog.
    • Nyob.
    • Enlarged spleen (palpable by rectal exam).

    Diagnosis of equine piroplasmosis

    Thaum ib rooj plaub ntawm equine piroplasmosis xav tias, vim nws yog kab mob ceeb toom uas tshwm nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev npe ntawm OIE (World Organization rau Tsiaj Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv), cov kws kho tsiaj ua haujlwm yuav tsum ceeb toom rau OIE ntawm qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kabmob txhawm rau ua raws li cov lus qhia tsim nyog thiab coj mus kuaj los kuaj xyuas.

    Clinical Diagnosis

    Ib tug nees uas muaj kab mob daj ntseg lossis daj ntseg, tsis muaj zog, tsis kam ua haujlwm me me thiab kub taub hau ua rau peb xav txog hemolytic anemia sai sai thiab tom qab kis tus kab mob no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias peb nyob hauv thaj chaw muaj kab mob. los yog tus nees tau taug kev mus rau ib qho. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias kuaj ntshav tau ua tiav, qhov ntsuas tsis qhia txog tus txheej txheem no yuav pom, xws li kev nce hauv eosinophils (vim cov qe ntshav dawb no nce ntxiv rau lub ntsej muag ntawm cov kab mob parasitic), txo qis hauv hematocrit (ntim ntawm cov qe ntshav liab. nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntshav), hemoglobin (cov protein nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas nqa oxygen) thiab platelets.

    Vim qhov tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qee cov tsos mob, nws yuav tsum yog differentiated los ntawm lwm yam kab mob equine uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib yam tsos mob xws li: ib

    • Equine infectious anemia
    • African nees mob
    • Leptospirosis
    • Trypanosomosis
    • Erhlichiosis
    • kab mob autoimmune ua rau hemolytic anemia

    Lab Diagnosis

    Kom kuaj tau tus kab mob koj yuav tsum coj mus kuaj ntshav los ntawm tus nees uas xav tias yuav ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ncaj qha txhawm rau kuaj kab mob lossis kuaj tsis ncaj kom pom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thaum tus nees tau txhim kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov direct tests is:

    • Blood smear (saib cov ntshav poob rau hauv lub tshuab tsom iav): qhov no yog ib txwm siv, yooj yim, pheej yig thiab ceev, ua thaum tus nees ua npaws. Kev suav nrog cov kab mob cab hauv cov qe ntshav liab yuav raug soj ntsuam. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov cab cab qis qis, qee zaum lawv tsis pom thiab tuaj yeem kuaj pom qhov tsis zoo thaum nws tsis yog tiag.
    • PCR: thaum tus nees muaj kub taub hau, yog tias ua ke nrog cov ntshav smear, qhov ua tau zoo txhawm rau kuaj tus kab mob parasite yog txhim khu kev qha.

    Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov indirect tests sib raug rau cov hauv qab no:

    • : Qhov no tau yog qhov kev sim rau qee lub sijhawm, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txiav txim siab tus kab mob dua li kev lees paub.
    • Indirect immunofluorescence: kuaj pom cov kab mob thaum lub sij hawm dhau mus thiab tus nees tau tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj xyuas cov cab cab.
    • Indirect ELISA: kuj tseem kuaj tau cov cab thiab tsiaj txhu uas muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob no zoo.

    Tshuaj kho mob equine piroplasmosis

    Thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim, tus kws kho tsiaj equine yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj kho mob kom txo tau cov tsos mob lossis cov tsos mob thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb los tua cov kab mob protozoa.

    Symptomatic treatment

    Kev kho kom txo tau cov tsos mob ntawm piroplasmosis hauv nees muaj xws li:

    • Antipyretics ua npaws.
    • Supplements cov hlau, B vitamins thiab folic acid kom ntxiv dag zog rau pob txha pob txha thiab tiv thaiv kab mob.

    Tshuaj kho mob

    ZIB KHAUB NCAWS PIROLLASMOSSICOSSICOSSICOSSIZRATICATION NWS YUAV TSUM SIV:

    • Imidocarb dipropionate: nws yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tseem ceeb siv rau equine piroplasmosis, nws zoo heev rau babesiosis, nrog ob koob tshuaj 2-3. mg / kg los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj intramuscular hauv 24 teev, thiab rau cov kab mob theileriosis nrog koob tshuaj 4 mg / kg los ntawm tib txoj kev plaub zaug txhua 72 teev. Yog tias siv cov tshuaj no, atropine sulfate yuav tsum tau siv kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv xws li salivation, colic, lossis ua rau lub plab zom mov.
    • Diminacene aceturate: koob tshuaj 4-5 mg/kg ib hnub intramuscularly kom txog thaum cov tsos mob ploj los yog ib koob tshuaj 11 mg/kg los ntawm tib txoj kev. yog siv tau rau ob leeg protozoa.
    • Parvaquone: ntawm 20 mg/kg intramuscularly nws zoo tiv thaiv T. equi
    • Buparvaquone: ntawm 5 mg/kg intramuscularly nws kuj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv tus kab mob.

    Tsuas yog ib tug kws kho tsiaj tshwj xeeb uas tsim nyog los sau cov tshuaj rau piroplasmosis thiab txiav txim siab npaum li cas. Tsis txhob muab tshuaj rau koj tus nees vim koj tuaj yeem ua rau nws tus mob hnyav dua.

    Kev Tiv Thaiv Piroplasmosis hauv nees

    Txoj kev tiv thaiv tus kab mob no yog ua raws li kev kho mob ntawm cov nees muaj kab mob, control of ticks as a vector of the disease (los ntawm txhais tau tias ntawm acaricides, nquag tshawb nrhiav tsiaj thiab tshem tawm cov uas pom) thiab txwv kev txav ntawm cov nees kis thaum tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv zooHauv cov cheeb tsam uas tsis muaj kab mob, kev nkag mus ntawm nees los ntawm thaj chaw endemic yuav tsum raug txwv (hauv cov xwm txheej uas yuav nkag mus, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov tsos mob, uas lawv yuav tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua ntej. kev txav mus los), nrog rau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev hloov pauv thiab lwm txoj hauv kev iatrogenic ntawm kev kis tus kab mob.

    Pom zoo: