Pleural effusion yog ib qho kev sib txuam ntawm cov kua dej sib txawv hauv qhov chaw pleural ntawm miv. Qhov chaw pleural yog qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub feline pleurae, uas kab lub ntsws thiab pab ua pa. Vim li no, qhov txawv txav ntawm cov kua dej hauv cov kab noj hniav no ua rau miv muaj kev nyuaj siab ua pa, uas ua rau lawv ntxhov siab thiab ua rau lawv ua pa. Pleural effusion, ntau tshaj li tus kab mob hauv nws tus kheej, yog ib qho kev kuaj mob ntawm lwm cov kab mob feline thiab cov txheej txheem pathological, yog li kev kuaj mob zoo yog tus yuam sij rau kev paub txog keeb kwm ntawm effusion thiab kev tshuaj xyuas cov kua txij li, ntawm lwm yam kev kuaj mob, pab. nrhiav tau.
Pleural effusion yog dab tsi?
Pleural effusion yog ib qho Pleural effusion yog ib qho Pleural effusion yog ib qho Pleural effusion yog ib qho Pleural effusion yog ib qho Pleural effusion is anuas npog lub ntsws) thiab parietal (ib qho uas npog cov phab ntsa ntawm lub thorax, mediastinum thiab diaphragm) thiab qhov ntawd ib txwm muaj cov kua dej tsawg kawg nkaus rau lub ntsws thaum ua pa ua pa.
Ib qho teeb meem hauv kev tsim khoom lossis tshem tawm cov kua dej no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dhau ntawm nws hauv qhov chaw pleural, uas ua rau muaj qhov txwv tsis pub lub ntsws txav thaum muaj kev tshoov siab(lub ntsws nthuav dav) uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub lobes ntawm lub ntsws puas.
Feem ntau, pleural effusion hauv miv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv qab no:
- Npaj capillary permeability.
- ZAUB TXOG NTAWM LUB ORCOTT siab ntawm cov capillaries.
- Npaj siab hydrostatic nyob rau hauv capillaries.
- Lymphatic obstruction.
Types of pleural effusion in miv
Pleural effusion hauv miv tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam nyob ntawm seb cov kua dej nyob hauv qhov chaw pleural. Cov kua yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam thiab, raws li ib tug series ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab tsis, peb muab faib mus rau hauv cov nram qab no hom:
- Pleural effusion ntawm ntshiab transudate: cov xim ntawm cov kua yog ntshiab los yog daj, nrog me ntsis protein (<2, 5 gr / dl), tsis muaj fibrin thiab qis cellularity (<1,000 hlwb/microliter).
- Pleural effusion of modified transudate: nrog cov xim daj-liab, me ntsis pos huab, muaj protein ntau ntawm 2, 5 thiab 5 g. /dl, tsis muaj fibrin, triglycerides lossis cov kab mob thiab nrog cov cell suav ntawm 1,000-15,000 hlwb / microliter (nce txog 100,000 yog tsim los ntawm lymphosarcoma) thiab nrog cov hlwb mesothelial, cov hlwb tsis degenerated neutrophils thiab neoplastic hlwb hauv lymphosarcoma. Tej zaum koj kuj yuav txaus siab los saib lwm qhov ntawm peb qhov chaw hais txog Lymphoma hauv dev, nws txoj kev kho mob thiab lub neej expectancy.
- Pleural effusion of inflammatory exudate: nrog cov xim zoo ib yam li yav dhau los, cov protein ntau yog 2.5-6 g / dl, Txawm tias nce mus txog 8.5 g / dl nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm FIP thiab muaj cov fibrin tab sis tsis muaj triglycerides los yog cov kab mob thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes ntawm 1,000-20,000 cell / microliter (txog 100,000 yog tsim los ntawm lymphosarcoma) thiab nrog cov uas tsis yog-degenerated neutrophils, macrophages thiab neoplastic. cell hauv cov qog.
- Pleural effusion ntawm septic exudate: nrog cov xim daj-xim av thiab pos huab lossis opaque, tag nrho cov proteins yog 3-7 gr / dl thiab muaj fibrin, kab mob tab sis tsis muaj triglycerides. Cell suav yog 5,000-300,000 hlwb/microliter thiab muaj degenerated neutrophils, macrophages thiab kab mob.
- Pleural effusion of lymph: cov xim nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog milky-white (txawm hais tias tej zaum nws yuav ua pinkish-reddish) nrog ib tug npaum li cas. cov proteins ntawm 2, 5-6 g / dl thiab nrog fibrin, triglycerides thiab tsis muaj kab mob. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tes yog 500-20,000 hlwb / microliter thiab feem ntau muaj cov lymphocytes, neutrophils thiab macrophages.
- Pleural blood effusion: xim liab thiab opaque, nrog ntau tshaj 3 g / dl ntawm cov protein thiab nrog fibrin tab sis tsis muaj triglycerides los yog cov kab mob, nrog cov cell suav zoo ib yam li cov ntshav peripheral thiab nrog cov qe ntshav liab thiab qee cov qe ntshav dawb.
Ua rau pleural effusion hauv miv
Muaj ntau yam uas tuaj yeem tsim cov kua dej ntau ntxiv hauv qhov chaw pleural ntawm miv. Feem ntau, ib yam kab mob thiab kab mob hauv qab no tuaj yeem ua rau feline pleural effusion:
- Hepatic disease: vim yog kev loj hlob ntawm hypoproteinemia uas txo cov oncotic siab thiab tso cai rau cov outflow thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv lub pleural qhov chaw.
- Kidney disease (glomerulonephritis): vim tsis muaj protein ntau hauv cov zis. Tshawb nrhiav ntawm no 4 cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob raum hauv miv.
- Enteropathy: vim tsis muaj protein ntau hauv plab hnyuv.
- Congestive cardiomyopathy: vim congestive heart failure in kab mob xws li congenital heart defects, feline dirofilariosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or pericardial disease. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, nws cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob hauv lwm qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm peb qhov chaw.
- Bacterial infections: tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua paug paug (pyothorax) vim kev nkag ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev tom thiab qhov txhab, perforation ntawm ecophagus los yog lub trachea, txuas ntxiv ntawm kev mob ntsws, kev nkag mus rau tus pin, kab mob loj heev, thiab lwm yam.
- Tumor in the ntsws (adenocarcinoma): thawj los yog theem nrab vim metastasis los ntawm lwm qhov chaw.
- Diaphragmatic hernia: vim kev raug mob los yog kev huam yuaj tshwm sim.
- Pulmonary lobe torsion sab xis los yog sab laug nruab nrab.
- Thoracic trauma: vim lub ntsws raug mob los yog rupture ntawm cov hlab ntsha nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab, nws tsim pleural effusion ntawm cov ntshav (hemothorax), raws li zoo li nyob rau hauv rodenticide lom (coagulopathy).
-Teb tias tam sim no, vim li cas rau endothitis (FIP) thiab serum. Cov exudate yog nonseptic fibrinous (nonbacterial). Yog xav paub ntxiv txog Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP), nws cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob, tsis txhob yig mus sab laj kab lus no.
ZAUB RAU HAUV COV MOVORTIONINUM: Xws li yog Lymphosarcoma:
Symptoms of pleural effusion in miv
Cov tsos mob ntawm pleural effusion hauv miv feem ntau yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Dyspnea los yog ua pa nyuaj.
- Tos: Yog xav paub ntxiv txog hnoos hauv miv, tsos mob, ua rau thiab kev kho mob, nyeem cov ntawv no uas peb qhia.
- Anorexia thiab poob phaus: tsis txhob yig mus saib cov kab lus no ntawm Anorexia hauv miv, nws ua rau, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob.
Ntxiv rau, nyob ntawm tus kab mob lossis tus mob uas ua rau nws, tus miv yuav nthuav tawm cov tsos mob cuam tshuam nrog tus txheej txheem. Piv txwv li:
- Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas ua rau lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm: miv kuj yuav muaj hypothermia, tsis muaj zog pulse, thiab jugular vein distention, thiab. nrog rau lawv tuaj yeem nthuav qhia qhov loj ntawm daim siab thiab ascites. Tej zaum koj yuav txaus siab rau tsab xov xwm no uas peb pom zoo txog Hypothermia hauv miv, nws ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob.
- feline infectious peritonitis: kev nyuaj siab, kub taub hau thiab jaundice (daj ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias), neurological tej yam tshwm sim thiab ocular. Peb xav kom koj sab laj kab lus no kom paub seb kuv tus miv puas muaj kev nyuaj siab, ua rau, tsos mob thiab kho.
- :: regurgitation thiab dysphagia kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog compression ntawm txoj hlab pas, Horner's syndrome yog cov saw hlau. compressed sympathetic o ntawm lub caj dab thiab lub taub hau yog hais tias lub cranial vena cava yog compressed, txo lub plawv thiab ntsws suab, thiab distention ntawm cov hlab ntsha jugular. Yog tias koj tsis paub txog Horner's Syndrome hauv miv, nws cov laj thawj thiab kev kho mob, peb tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no rau koj kom koj paub.
- glomerulonephritis: Cov miv yuav pom cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob raum xws li tso zis ntau ntxiv thiab haus dej, daj ntseg mucous, ntuav. los yog uremic syndrome, ntawm lwm tus.
- kab mob siab: jaundice, nce siab enzymes thiab ascites tej zaum yuav pom thiab nyob rau hauv protein-poob enteropathy Edema thiab ascites tau. kuj pom, nrog rau cov kab mob thromboembolic vim qhov poob ntawm antithrombin ntawm txoj hnyuv.
Diagnosis of pleural effusion in miv
thawj zaug ua yog keeb kwm tag nrho los ntawm kev nug tus neeg saib xyuas tus miv mob thiab kuaj lub cev ntawm tus miv kom pom cov tsos mob, lub cev mob, ua pa, auscultation, thiab lub hlwb.
Nrog cov tsos mob xws li ua tsis taus pa luv, tachypnea, thiab txo lub ntsws suab, qhov kev kuaj mob ntawm pleural effusion yog heev. X-ray pom muaj kuatuaj yeem ua pov thawj hauv qhov chaw pleural los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev pom ntawm lub ntsws thiab nrog lub ultrasound nws muaj peev xwm xav tias lossis txiav tawm Cov kua dej dab tsi (transudate, ntshav, lymph, kua paug), tau txais cov ntaub ntawv meej nrog kev tshuaj xyuas cov kua tom qab thoracocentesis los ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm tes, cytology thiab biochemistry. Yog xav tias muaj kab mob, yuav tsum tau coj mus kuaj.
Lwm txoj hauv kev los kuaj mob pleural effusion hauv miv yog:
- Electrocardiogram: txhawm rau ntsuam xyuas lub plawv ua haujlwm thiab kuaj pom arrhythmias thiab kuaj tus kab mob FIP hauv qhov xav tias muaj tus kabmob kis no.
Tam Sim No Ntshav, Kev Ntsuas Ntshav, Mob Siab Rau Lub raum, Mob siab lossis saib xyuas lub xeev txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm miv.
Tshuaj pleural effusion hauv miv
Pleural effusion therapy yuav depend on the originating cause Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev suav nrog kev kho cov pa oxygen vim kev ua pa nyuaj, thoracentesis lossis puncture. ntawm qhov chaw pleural kom ntws cov kua dej thiab tib lub sijhawm coj cov qauv rau kev soj ntsuam thiab tshuaj diuretics xws li furosemide lossis spironolactone kom txo tau qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm tus miv, txawm hais tias nws nyob ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov ua rau.
- Nyob hauv cov qog: chemotherapy yuav tsum tau siv thiab, nyob rau hauv ib co qog, diaphragmatic hernias thiab torsion ntawm pulmonary lobe, kev kho mob yuav tsum. phais.
- In case of pyothorax: tus kab mob uas ua rau cov kua paug paug nyob rau hauv pleural qhov chaw yuav tsum tau kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob. Nyob rau hauv chylothorax vim yog txuam nrog cov qog ntshav hauv qhov chaw pleural, chyle yuav tsum tau ntws ntau zaus los ntawm thoracocentesis lossis los ntawm kev tso lub raj tso rau hauv cov miv. cov lymph los ntawm lub pleural kab noj hniav.
Yog tias lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm tshwm sim, ntxiv rau cov tshuaj diuretics thiab oxygen, siv cov tshuaj xws li nitroglycerin lossis digoxin. Hauv lub raum, kab mob siab thiab plab hnyuv, yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo los tswj cov kab mob no.
pleural effusion in miv
Pleural effusion hauv miv tuaj yeem tawm hauv cov sequelae, txawm hais tias, feem ntau, nrog kev kho kom raug thiab kuaj pom qhov teeb meem, miv tswj lawv txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab lub neej zoo li ua ntej effusion. Ntawm cov sequelae tseem ceeb ntawm pleural effusion hauv miv peb pom:
1. ZAUB TXOG RAU LUB LUNG Theem
Zim teb ZAUB
