Lizards yog ib pab tsiaj uas muaj ntau tshaj 5,000 hom tsiajthoob plaws ntiaj teb. Lawv suav hais tias muaj kev vam meej vim lawv muaj ntau haiv neeg, tab sis kuj yog vim lawv tau tswj hwm yuav luag txhua lub ntiaj teb ecosystems. Nws yog ib pab pawg uas muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm morphology, kev yug me nyuam, pub mis thiab tus cwj pwm. Ntau hom tsiaj muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw qus, thaum lwm tus nyob hauv lossis ze rau hauv nroog thiab, qhov tseeb vim tias lawv nyob ze rau tib neeg, feem ntau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog qhov twg yuav muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg.
Rau ib lub sij hawm nws tau xav tias hom lizards lossis lizards uas muaj tshuaj lom muaj tsawg heev, txawm li cas los xij, kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no tau pom ntau hom ntau dua li qhov kev ntseeg qub uas muaj peev xwm tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm hais tias feem ntau tsis tau nruab nrog cov qauv kho hniav kom ncaj qha inoculate cov tshuaj lom, nws tuaj yeem nkag mus rau tus neeg raug mob cov hlab ntsha nrog rau cov qaub ncaug thaum cov hniav ua rau tom. Raws li cov saum toj no, hauv tsab xov xwm no hauv peb lub vev xaib, peb xav tham nrog koj txog hom tshuaj lom lizards uas muaj nyob. Raws li koj yuav pom, feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj lom lizards muaj nyob rau ntawm genus Heloderma thiab Varanus
Mexican Scorpion (Heloderma horridum)
Mexican scorpion (Heloderma horridum) yog ib hom lizard uas raug hem vim yog kev kub ntxhov nws cov pejxeem tau txais los ntawm kev yos hav zoov indiscriminate, muab nws cov tshuaj lom, tab sis kuj yog vim vim hais tias ob qho tib si tshuaj thiab tshuaj aphrodisiac raug ntaus nqi rau nws thiab, ntau zaus, nws xaus li muaj raws li ib tug tus tsiaj.
Nws yog tus yam ntxwv ntsuas txog 40 cm, muaj zog, nrog lub taub hau loj thiab lub cev, tab sis tus Tsov tus tw luv. Cov xim sib txawv ntawm lub cev, nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub teeb mus rau tsaus xim av nrog kev sib txuas ntawm dub thiab daj. Pom tau mainly in Mexico, raws ntug dej hiav txwv Pacific.
Gila Monster (Heloderma doubtum)
Gila dab los yog Heloderma suspicions inhad spaces nyob rau sab qaum teb Mexico thiab yav qab teb United States. Nws ntsuas txog 60 cm, muaj lub cev hnyav hnyav, uas txwv nws txoj kev txav, yog li nws txav mus qeeb. Nws ob txhais ceg luv, txawm hais tias nws muaj cov claws muaj zog Nws cov xim tuaj yeem suav nrog cov xim liab, daj lossis dawb cov cim ntawm cov xim dub lossis xim av.
Nws yog cov tsiaj noj, pub rau nas, noog me, nab, kab, qav thiab qe, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog ib hom kev tiv thaiv, raws li nws kuj yog nyob rau hauv ib tug lub xeev tsis muaj zog.
Beaded lizard or scorpion (Heloderma charlesbogerti)
Cov kab laug sab, scorpion lossis Guatemalan (Heloderma charlesbogerti) yog typical of Guatemala , inhabiting dry forests. Nws cov pejxeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm kev puas tsuaj hauv vaj tse thiab kev lag luam tsis raug cai hauv cov tsiaj, uas ua rau nws
Nws pub cov qe thiab kab, muaj arboreal cwj pwm. Cov xim ntawm lub cev yog xim dub nrog cov xim daj tsis zoo.
Komodo Dragon (Varanus komodoensis)
Zaj dreaded Komodo yog endemic to Indonesia thiab tuaj yeem ntsuas txog 3 meters ntev thiab hnyav txog 70 kg. Rau lub sijhawm ntev nws tau xav tias qhov no, ib qho ntawm cov lizards loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tab sis vim muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic uas nyob hauv nws cov qaub ncaug, thaum tom nws cov neeg raug tsim txom, nws impregnated lub qhov txhab nrog cov qaub ncaug uas tas. mus ua sepsis nyob rau hauv lub pas dej ua ke. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kev tshawb fawb tom qab tau pom tias cov muaj peev xwm tsim tshuaj lom, uas muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau cov neeg raug tsim txom.
cov tsiaj no yog cov neeg yos hav zoov nyob nyab laj, txawm tias lawv tuaj yeem noj carrion. Thaum lawv tom cov tsiaj txhu, lawv tos kom muaj cov tshuaj lom los ua thiab cov tsiaj yuav ploj mus ua ntej nws yuav rhuav tshem nws thiab noj nws.
Zaj Komodo suav nrog cov npe liab hem hom, yog li kev tiv thaiv tau tsim.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog Komodo zaj venom, koj tuaj yeem nyeem lwm tsab xov xwm ntawm Komodo zaj puas txaus ntshai rau tib neeg?
Savannah saib lizard (Varanus exanthematicus)
Lwm yam tshuaj lom lizards yog Savannah Monitor Lizard (Varanus exanthematicus). Nws muaj lub cev tuab, nrog rau nws cov tawv nqaij, uas yog vim muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm lwm yam tsiaj lom. Nws tuaj yeem ntsuas txog li 1.5 meters thiab nws lub taub hau yog dav, nrog ib tug nqaim caj dab thiab tus Tsov tus tw.
It is originally from Africa, Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau raug qhia hauv Mexico thiab Tebchaws Meskas. Nws pub tsuas yog rau kab laug sab, kab, kab laug sab, tab sis kuj rau cov vertebrates me me.
Goanna (Varanus varius)
Goanna (Varanus varius) is an arboreal species Goanna (Varanus varius) is an arboreal species. Nws nyob hauv hav zoov tuab, nyob rau hauv uas nws tuaj yeem npog thaj chaw loj. Nws loj, ntsuas me ntsis txog li 2 meters thiab hnyav li ntawm 20 kg.
Ntawm qhov tod, lawv yog carnivores thiab scavengers. Raws li rau nws cov xim, nws nyob nruab nrab ntawm grey thiab dub, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj xim dub thiab cream-xim me ntsis ntawm nws lub cev.
Mitchell's Water Monitor (Varanus mitchelli)
Mitchell Water Monitor (Varanus mitchelli) inhabitants Australia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv swamps, dej ntws, lagoons thiab hauv lub cev dej feem ntau. Nws kuj muaj peev xwm ua tau arboreal, tab sis ib txwm nyob hauv cov ntoo cuam tshuam nrog lub cev dej.
Has a varied diet, suav nrog cov tsiaj hauv dej thiab hauv av, noog, tsiaj me me, qe, invertebrates, thiab ntses.
Varanus Argus los yog daj-spotted Varanus (Varanus panoptes)
Ntawm cov lizards lom tshaj plaws, Argus lossis daj-spotted varanus (Varanus panoptes) kuj sawv tawm. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv Australia thiab New Guinea thiab poj niam ntsuas txog li 90 cm, hos txiv neej ncav cuag 140 cm.
Lawv tau faib rau ntau hom chaw nyob hauv av thiab tseem nyob ze cov dej, thiab yog Lawv cov zaub mov muaj ntau yam sib txawv thiab suav nrog ntau yam kab mob me me thiab cov pob txha txha.
Spiny-tailed Monitor Lizard (Varanus acanthurus)
Tus Spiny-tailed Monitor Lizard (Varanus acanthurus) tshuav nws lub npe rau qhov muaj spiny lug ntawm nws tus Tsov, uas nws siv hauv nws kev tiv thaiv. Nws yog qhov me me thiab nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam arid, ua tus digger zoo.
Its coloration is reddish brown, with yellow spots. Lawv cov zaub mov yog raws cov kab thiab cov tsiaj me.
Earless Lizard (Lanthanotus borneensis)
The Earless Lizard (Lanthanotus borneensis) is endemic to some areas of Asia, inhabiting tropical forests near dej ntws los yog lub cev dej. Txawm hais tias lawv tsis muaj cov qauv sab nraud rau kev hnov lus, lawv tswj kom hnov, thiab lawv kuj muaj peev xwm tawm suab qee yam. Lawv ntsuas txog li 40 cm, yog nocturnal thiab carnivorous, pub rau crustaceans, ntses thiab earthworms.
Cov hom no tsis tau paub tias muaj tshuaj lom, txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los no nws tau txheeb xyuas cov qog uas tsim cov tshuaj lom, uas muaj cov nyhuv anticoagulant effect, txawm tsis muaj zog npaum li lwm tus lizards. Cov kab mob no tsis tuag rau tib neeg
Cov tshuaj lom ntawm lizards ntawm genus Heloderma
The bite of these animals is quite painful and when it is caused in he althy people, they can recover. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, ua rau cov tsos mob tseem ceeb hauv tus neeg raug tsim txom, xws li, asphyxiation, tuag tes tuag taw thiab hypothermia, yog li cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau daws sai. Cov lizards ntawm genus Heloderma tsis ncaj qha inoculate cov tshuaj lom, tab sis thaum lawv rhuav tshem cov neeg raug mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, lawv tso cov tshuaj lom los ntawm cov qog tshwj xeeb thiab ntws mus rau qhov txhab, nkag mus rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov tsiaj.
Cov tshuaj lom no yog ib qho dej cawv ntawm ntau yam tshuaj sib txuas, xws li enzymes (hyaluronidase thiab phospholipase A2), cov tshuaj hormones, thiab cov proteins (serotonin, helothermin, gilatoxin, helodermatin, exenatide, thiab gilatide, thiab lwm yam).
Qee yam ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub venom ntawm cov tsiaj no tau kawm, raws li yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm gilatide (cais tawm ntawm Gila dab) thiab exenatide, uas zoo li xav tsis thoobcov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov kab mob xws li Alzheimer's thiab hom 2 mob ntshav qab zib mellitus, raws li.
Rau ib lub sij hawm nws tau xav tias tsuas yog lizards ntawm genus Heloderma yog tshuaj lom, txawm li cas los xij, tom qab kev tshawb fawb pom tau tias tshuaj lom kuj muaj nyob rau hauv genus Varanus Cov no muaj cov qog tshuaj lom nyob rau hauv txhua lub puab tsaig, uas ntws mus rau hauv tshwj xeeb raws ntawm txhua khub hniav.
Cov venom uas tsim los ntawm cov tsiaj no yog ib qho enzymatic cocktail, zoo ib yam li cov nab thiab, xws li hauv pawg Heloderma, lawv. Tsis tuaj yeem ncaj qha rau tus neeg raug tsim txom, tab sis thaum lawv tom cov tshuaj lom nws nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshavua ke nrog cov qaub ncaug, ua rau muaj teeb meem coagulation, yog li nws tsimspills, ntxiv rau hypotension thiab poob siab uas xaus nrog lub cev qhuav dej ntawm tus neeg uas tau raug mob tom. Cov chav kawm ntawm cov co toxins uas pom nyob rau hauv cov venom ntawm cov tsiaj no yog cysteine-nplua nuj proteins, kallikrein, natriuretic peptide, thiab phospholipase A2.
Ib qhov sib txawv ntawm cov genus Heloderma thiab Varanus yog tias yav tas los cov tshuaj lom raug thauj los ntawm cov hniav canaliculi, thaum tom kawg cov tshuaj tau tawm los ntawm cov chaw kho hniav..
Qee yam xwm txheej nrog cov tsiaj no tau tas sim neej, raws li cov neeg raug tsim txom los ntshav tuag. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov uas raug kho sai sai yuav cawm lawv tus kheej.
Lizards yuam kev suav tias yog tshuaj lom
Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv ntau lub cheeb tsam, ib co myths xwb yog generated txog cov tsiaj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog lawv txaus ntshai vim hais tias lawv yog suav tias yog tshuaj lom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no dhau los ua kev ntseeg cuav uas feem ntau xaus rau kev ua phem rau pawg neeg vim kev yos hav zoov tsis sib haum xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov lizards uas tshwm hauv tsev. Cia peb saib qee qhov piv txwv ntawm lizards thiab lizards uas yog yuam kev to be poisonous:
- Alligator lizard, nab lizard or scorpion lizard (Gerrhonotus liocephalus).
- Alicante roob lizard (Barisia imbricata).
- me snapdragons (Abronia taeniata and Abronia graminea).
- False chameleon (Phrynosoma orbiculare).
- Oak hav zoov skink (Plestiodon lynxe).
Ib yam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tshuaj lom lizard hom yog feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv ib co lub xeev ntawm qhov tsis zoo, ua rau lawv nyob rau hauv kev txaus ntshai ntawm extinction. Qhov tseeb tias tus tsiaj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij tsis pub peb muaj txoj cai los rhuav tshem nws, txawm tias nws yuav tshwm sim rau cov tsiaj. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, txhua yam ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsum muaj nuj nqis thiab hwm nyob rau hauv lawv qhov tsim nyog dimension.