dyspnea is a clinic signs, as well as Hauv cov dev, qhov kos npe no feem ntau tshwm sim thaum pib ua pa hnyav dhau ntawm qhov ntswg thiab qhib qhov ntswg loj dua. Dyspnea feem ntau kuj tshwm sim nrog hawb pob, nce ua pa, thiab cyanotic mucous daim nyias nyias. Nws yog ib qho tsos mob uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau yam kab mob, tsis yog tsuas yog txuas nrog cov kab mob ua pa, tab sis kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam khoom siv thiab lub cev.
Yog koj xav paub vim koj tus dev ua pa hnyav dhau ntawm nws lub qhov ntswg, peb xav kom koj nyeem cov lus hauv qab no ntawm peb qhov chaw ntawm qhov ntawd peb piav qhia txog qhov ua tau thiab kev kho mob.
Pathologies of the upper respiratory tract
Nyob hauv pab pawg no peb suav nrog cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob ua pa sab sauv, uas yog, qhov ntswg kab noj hniav, lub larynx thiab cua tshuab.. Feem ntau, cov kab mob no yuav ua rau inspiratory dyspnea , uas yog, thaum lub sij hawm cua nkag. Lawv muaj raws li nram no:
- Brachycephalic Syndrome: Qhov no yog ib qho malformation ntawm txoj hlab pa sab sauv uas cuam tshuam rau brachycephalic (flat) dev xws li bulldogs, pug lossis shih. ua tzu. Malformations uas yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tus mob no muaj xws li nares stenosis, elongation ntawm lub palate mos mos, laryngeal vau, thiab tracheal hypoplasia. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv zoo li cuam tshuam cov huab cua los ntawm txoj kev ua pa, ua rau yuam kev thiab ua pa nyuaj. Nws tseem tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tias tus dev ua suab nrov zoo li npua lossis emit me snores.
- Thaum txawv teb chaws lub cev tag nrho occlude lub lumen ntawm lub pa ib ntsuj av, ib tug loj daim duab ntawm suffocation yuav tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lawv tsuas yog cuam tshuam ib nrab xwb, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam yuam kev thiab ua pa nyuaj.
- Lwm yam ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam: tag nrho cov kab mob uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsws sab sauv, cuam tshuam cov huab cua thiab ua rau ua tsis taus pa. Ntawm lwm tus, peb qhia txog glottis edema, laryngeal lossis tracheal vau, laryngeal tuag tes tuag taw thiab qhov ntswg, laryngeal thiab tracheal masses lossis qog.
kho cov pathologies ntawm cov pa sab saud
Feem ntau, txoj kev daws teeb meem yuav tsum tau phais kho. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum Kev kho mob ntxivyog qhov tsim nyog, raws li cov tshuaj corticosteroids, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab / lossis cov tshuaj tranquilizers.
Pathologies of the lower respiratory tract
Nyob rau hauv pab pawg no peb suav nrog cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov kab mob qis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, bronchi, ntsws thiab pleura. Feem ntau, cov pathologies tsim expiratory-type dyspnea , uas yog, nyob rau theem uas huab cua raug tshem tawm ntawm lub ntsws. Vim li no, nws yog ib qho uas yuav tsum tau pom tias tus dev tshuab lub qhov ntswg vim nws ua tsis taus pa ib txwm. Cia peb saib cov pathologies:
- Bronchial pathologies: nyob rau hauv cov mob bronchitis muaj bronchoconstriction (narrowing ntawm bronchi) thiab tsub zuj zuj ntawm exudate nyob rau hauv lub lumen ntawm lub bronchi., uas cuam tshuam qhov kev nkag ntawm huab cua thiab ua rau pom kev ua pa nyuaj. Ib yam dab tsi zoo sib xws tshwm sim hauv cov qog uas cuam tshuam rau phab ntsa ntawm lub bronchi, vim lawv txo cov lumen ntawm cov ducts thiab cuam tshuam cov huab cua.
- Pulmonary pathologies: txhua yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau lub ntsws parenchyma, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nws yog ob sab, ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua pa nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv pab pawg no peb suav nrog pulmonary edema (muaj kua nyob rau hauv pulmonary alveoli), mob ntsws ntsws, ob sab ntsws ntsws los yog bronchopneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis thiab pulmonary emphysema, thiab lwm yam.
- Pleural pathologies: pleura yog cov serous membrane uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntsws thiab hauv siab kab noj hniav. Thaum lub pleural qhov chaw muaj huab cua (pneumothorax) los yog kua (pleural effusion), compression ntawm lub ntsws parenchyma tshwm sim, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm distending txaus thaum ua pa. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, yuam thiab ua pa nyuaj tshwm.
kho cov pathologies ntawm cov pa hauv qab kev ua pa
Hauv cov xwm txheej no, kev kho mob yog qhov sib txawv heev thiab nyob ntawm cov kab mob tshwj xeeb uas ua rau ua pa nyuaj, uas yog, ua rau koj tus dev ua pa nyuaj dhau ntawm qhov ntswg. Cov no yog cov tseem ceeb:
- Feem ntau ntawm cov kab mob no yuav tsum tau pharmacological kho uas, nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem, tej zaum yuav muaj xws li tshuaj tua kab mob, diuretics, bronchodilators los yog corticosteroids los ntawm inhalation..
- Thaum tsim nyog, txhawb nqa kho taunrog tshuaj mucolytic, hnoos suppressants los yog oxygen therapy.
- Nyob rau hauv feem ntau mob nws yog advisable kom tswj kev noj haus kom pab yuag poob, vim li no nws yog ua tau kom txo tau cov siab ntawm lub plab ntawm lub hauv siab thiab yog li txo qhov ua pa ntawm lub plab thiab ua kom lub siab muaj peev xwm.
- Ib txhia zaus, xws li qee lub ntsws qog lossis pleural pathologies, phais kho mob yog tsim nyog.
Pathologies uas cuam tshuam rau kev ua pa ua pa
Ntxiv rau cov kab mob uas peb tau piav nyob rau hauv tshooj dhau los, tseem muaj lwm cov kab mob uas , tab sis qhov ntawd, txawm li cas los xij, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua pa. Hauv pab pawg no, peb pom:
NATION Teb Tam Sim Ntshav Ntawm Cov Khaub Ncaws Ntawm Cov Ua Rau Mob Ntawm Lub ntsws. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum muaj qhov txhab tshwm sim nyob rau theem ntawm qhov chaw ua pa, nyob rau theem ntawm cov hlab ntsha cov hauv paus hniav uas ua rau cov leeg ua pa los yog theem ntawm cov leeg ua pa lawv tus kheej (myositis, dystrophy, atrophy, thiab lwm yam).), cov leeg no cog lus tsis txaus, ua rau ua pa nyuaj thiab ua pa. Qhov xwm txheej no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum mob hauv siab (xws li mob hauv siab lossis pleurisy) lossis hauv cov kab mob neuromuscular uas cuam tshuam rau cov leeg ua pa, xws li tetanus lossis myasthenia gravis.
Kho mob ntawm cov kab mob no
Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, kev kho mob ntawm cov laj thawj tau piav qhia hauv tshooj no kuj txawv nyob ntawm seb cov kab mob tshwj xeeb:
- Thaum mob myositis lossis neuromuscular pathologies, xws li tetanus lossis myasthenia gravis, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj pharmacological kho Ntxiv rau, Thaum mob mob hauv siab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua tau zoo pab txhawb kev kho mob analgesic
- Nyob rau hauv lwm yam mob, xws li gastric dilatation/torsion los yog diaphragmatic hernias, phais yog tsim nyog.
Kev nyuaj siab ua pa tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob qho tib si hauv cov kab mob uas ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm sab laug, thiab cov uas ua rau lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm:
- Sab laug plawv tsis ua hauj lwm: nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej no, dyspnea tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm pulmonary edema (sau cov kua hauv lub alveoli ntawm lub ntsws). Nws tshwm sim, piv txwv li, hauv cov dev nrog mitral valve degeneration lossis patent ductus arteriosus.
- Right heart failure: nyob rau hauv cov mob no, dyspnea yog tshwm sim los ntawm pleural effusion (sau cov kua hauv lub pleural qhov chaw). Tsis tas li ntawd, dyspnea feem ntau aggravated los ntawm ascites (sau ntawm cov kua hauv plab kab noj hniav). Nws tshwm sim, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm tricuspid valve degeneration thiab txoj cai ventricular cardiomyopathies.
Kho mob plawv pathologies
Hauv cov xwm txheej no, kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li ob tug ncej:
- Ntawm ib sab, ib qho kev kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau tsim tawm tsam thawj kab mob uas ua rau lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm. Feem ntau, cov kab mob no xav tau kev kho mob tshuaj (nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, inotropes, thiab lwm yam), txawm hais tias qee zaum, xws li patent ductus arteriosus, kev kho phais yog tsim nyog.
- Ntxiv rau, nyob ntawm seb lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm sab laug lossis sab xis tshwm sim, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau kho pulmonary edema lossis pleural effusion, raws. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pulmonary edema, diuretics yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj, thaum nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pleural effusion nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov effusion los ntawm thoracocentesis.
Lwm yam ua rau dev ua pa nyuaj kawg
Txhua yam uas tau piav saum toj no tuaj yeem ua rau koj pom koj tus dev ua pa nyuaj ntawm nws lub qhov ntswg thaum nws tsaug zog thiab thaum nws tsaug zog. Nyob ntawm seb qhov laj thawj tshwj xeeb, yog, hom kev ua pa yuav yog ib txoj kev lossis lwm qhov, raws li peb tau pom lawm.
Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis yog tib qho laj thawj xwb, vim tias ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem uas tau piav qhia hauv ntu dhau los, peb yuav tsum hais txog lwm qhov laj thawj uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus dev ua pa:
Khob ua lwm yam
Ib yam li ntawd, kev kho mob ntawm cov laj thawj no yuav txawv nyob ntawm tus txheej txheem tshwj xeeb.
- Nyob rau hauv cov dev rog rog, nws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj ib tug noj zaub mov hypocaloric nrog rau ib qho kev npaj ua kom tsim nyog kom ua tiav qhov kev poob phaus ntawm tus tsiaj.
- Thaum mob ntshav qab zib, yuav tsum tsim kom muaj ib qho tawm tsam thawj qhov laj thawj, nyob ntawm seb nws puas yog anemia hemolytic., hemorrhagic, lossis hypoproliferative.
- Thaum muaj kev qaug dab peg, mob stroke lossis hluav taws xob, nws yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb los tsim kom muaj kev kho mob nrog oxygen, kho dej, etc.
