Penguins, cov noog xav paub uas sawv tawm ntawm qhov txawv ntawm lwm hom avian, yog cov tsiaj tshwj xeeb thiab ntxim nyiam heev raws li kev sib deev muaj kev txhawj xeeb, vim lawv lub cev, lawv cov kev lis kev cai lossis kev coj noj coj ua. qhov tseeb hais tias lawv yuav yog ib tug noog ya tsis tau. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsom mus rau qhov yug ntawm cov tsiaj xav paub thiab peb yuav nthuav dav tag nrho cov txheej txheem, los ntawm kev tso mus rau hatching.
Koj puas xav paub penguins yug li cas? Muaj ntau ntau myths xwb, thiab qhov tseeb, uas yog nrov heev txog yug ntawm penguins. Piv txwv li, lawv puas yog tsiaj los yog lawv nteg qe? Muaj pes tsawg tus penguins tuaj yeem muaj tus poj niam penguin nyob rau ib lub sijhawm? Tag nrho cov no thiab cov ntsiab lus ntxiv txog penguins yog qhov peb qhia rau koj ntawm peb qhov chaw.
Penguins yog ib hom tsiaj uas paub zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv txoj kev sib yuav. Qhov no yog vim yog monogamous, txij thaum lawv xaiv ib khub yug me nyuam nws yuav zoo ib yam tag nrho lawv lub neej. Tsis tas li ntawd nthuav heev yog kev sib tham ritual ua los ntawm cov txiv neej penguins kom tus poj niam xaiv lawv. Hauv kev sib tham no, tus txiv neej ua yeeb yam uas qhia txog nws lub peev xwm los tsim lub zes, nqa zaub mov rau tus poj niam, qhia tias nws yuav muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa cov tub ntxhais hluas, lossis tus nraug vauv nws tus kheej los qhia nws txoj kev nyiam rau nws tus khub muaj peev xwm.
Thaum tus poj niam txiav txim siab rau tus txiv neej, khub penguins yuav tuaj yeem sib ntsib ntawm pawg loj heev, tuaj ua ke thaum lub caij yug me nyuam pib, uas feem ntau tshwm sim txhua xyoo [1] Lub sij hawm no muaj ib tug copulation uas txiv neej fertilize tus poj niam
Tom qab fertilization, ib lub qe tsim nyob rau hauv tus poj niam, uas yog spawned nyob rau hauv lub zes uas ob niam txiv tau npaj rau nws. Lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm incubation pib, feem ntau nqa los ntawm cov txiv neej.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog kev hais plaub ntug lossis kev sib sau ua ke, tsis txhob hnov qab lwm tsab xov xwm no: "Yuav ua li cas penguins reproduce?"
Penguins yug li cas?
Thaum cov phev thiab lub qe sib sau ua ke, ib lub zygote tsim los rau hauv lub embryo, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub plhaub tiv thaiv, lub qe. Cov qe no nyob hauv niam ob peb hnub, lub sijhawm no yuav siv sij hawm luv luv, vim tias qhov chaw uas lawv yuav loj hlob yog sab nraum tsev menyuam. Yog li ntawd, penguins yog oviparous tsiaj, txij li thaum lawv yug los ntawm qe incubated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev, lub cev xeeb tub ntawm penguins pib hauv tsev tab sis xaus sab nraum zoov.
Penguin qe muab tso rau hauv lub zes kom incubated los ntawm niam txiv. Lub sijhawm lub sij hawm incubation ntawm penguins tuaj yeem kav ntev nruab nrab ntawm 34 thiab 65 hnub Lub sijhawm no, cov menyuam qaib txhim kho kom txog thaum lawv npaj txhij mus tua.
Thaum txog caij yug me nyuam, tus me nyuam penguins yuav tsum tau tawg lub qe nrog lawv cov beak thiab tawm mus sab nraud. Lawv yuav tsum ua qhov no ib leeg, txawm tias nws tuaj yeem nyuaj thiab ua haujlwm hnyav. Cov txheej txheem ntawm yug ntawm penguins feem ntau kavteev, vim thaum lub sij hawm ntawd lawv tseem ua tiav absorbing cov as-ham uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub yolk sac txuas rau lub qe plhaub. Thaum lawv yug los, lawv muaj kev phom sij heev vim tias, ntxiv rau qhov me me, lawv tsis muaj plumage thiab lub cev rog, ua rau lawv rhiab heev rau txias. Vim li no, mus txog thaum lawv loj hlob lawv cov plaub thiab hnyav, lawv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas los ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv, uas, tshwj tsis yog muab zaub mov rau lawv, xyuas kom lawv sov thiab nyab xeeb ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg.
Penguin qe: lawv zoo li cas thiab leej twg incubates lawv
Lays feem ntau tsis yog tsim los ntawm ntau tshaj ob lub qe, ntxiv rau, yog tias muaj ntau tshaj ib, ib txwm ib lub qe hatchesYog tias ob lub qe tuaj txog lub sijhawm, feem ntau ib qho ntawm cov hatchlings tsis muaj sia nyob ntev tom qab hatching.
Penguin lub qe loj dua piv rau lwm cov noog, uas yog qhov laj thawj, vim tias penguin loj dua yuav luag txhua tus noog. Lawv yog cov dawb, tab sis lawv cov xim yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm seb hom penguin, nrog rau lawv qhov loj me.
Leej twg incubates lub penguin qe?
Txhua leej niam thiab leej txiv tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov qe penguin, qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv feem ntau hom ob niam txiv tau hloov ua qhov incubation. Thaum lub sij hawm no, cov niam txiv tsis incubate lawv los ntawm zaum ntawm lawv, tab sis theej ib ncig ntawm lub qe nrog lawv lub cev, npog lawv nrog lawv plumage kom lawv nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm 36ºC thiab co co lawv kom ntseeg tau ib tug zoo txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej hatchlings. Txij li thaum cov niam txiv feem ntau hloov pauv, thaum ib tus penguins tab tom hatching lub qe, lwm tus yog npaj pub. Precisely vim hais tias ntawm no mechanism, nyob rau hauv uas lub penguin tsis zaum ntawm lub qe thiab tsuas yog ib tug ntawm lawv saib xyuas ntawm nws, nws yuav nyuaj rau ntau tshaj ib lub qe rau hatch yog hais tias nws muaj.
lub sij hawm incubation nyob nruab nrab ntawm 34 thiab 65 hnub, feem ntau yog tsawg incubation lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv me me hom vim lub maturation ceev ntawm embryos nyob rau hauv lawv.
Dab tsi yog qhov ntawm lub qe penguin?
Penguin qe muaj tib yam li lwm cov qe noog, uas yog:
- Shell: Qhov no yog txoj kev tiv thaiv uas cais lub embryo los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, tiv thaiv nws los ntawm shocks thiab kuj los ntawm kev sib cuag nrog tshuaj lom. los yog teeb meem rau fetus. Ua ke nrog lub plhaub tawv yog cuticle , yog cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov protein no, uas nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tso cai ua pa ntawm lub embryo, tswj kev nkag thiab tawm ntawm oxygen thiab carbon dioxide. Tsis tas li ntawd, sab hauv yog npog los ntawm ib daim nyias nyias, hu ua testaceous membrane, uas tsim cov cua chamber, tso cai rau rwb thaiv tsev ntau dua.
- White or albumen: qhov no yog cov khoom tseem ceeb, txij li 60% ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm lub qe yog dawb. Nws yog ib lub hnab albuminoid, uas ua raws li cov khoom noj rau fetus. Nws muaj 4 txheej: daim nyias nyias ntom ntom ntom, cov kua tuab, cov theem nrab ntom thiab cov kua qis dua.
- Yema: qhov no yog ovule, yog los ntawm qhov, yog tias nws tau fertilized, lub embryo uas yuav yog tus qaib yuav. txhim kho. Nws cov qauv yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntau txheej ntawm yolk, ob qho tib si dawb thiab daj, mus txog ib tug nucleus hu ua germinal disc, npog los ntawm ib daim nyias nyias hu ua vitelline membrane and labra. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov as-ham, muaj cov lipids ntau, cov zaub mov thiab cov vitamins, uas yog qhov txhawb nqa cov menyuam qaib.
- Chalazas: cov no yog ob lub qauv uas tso cai rau cov yolks lo rau cov dawb, tshuav nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub qe, yog li ntawd. kev faib cov as-ham zoo ib yam.
tus me nyuam penguin lub npe yog dab tsi?
Me nyuam penguins hu ua chicks, ib yam li lwm tus menyuam noog. Lawv kuj feem ntau hu ua "penguin pup" lossis nrov "penguin", tsis muaj lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb rau hom.
Emperor Penguin Incubation
Peb tau hais nyob rau hauv nqe lus dhau los hais tias nyob rau hauv feem ntau hom penguin cov niam txiv tau hloov pauv lub qe. Zoo, qhov no tsis tshwm sim nrog huab tais penguin, vim tsuas yog tus txiv neej yog tus saib xyuas lub qe Tsis tas li ntawd, lwm yam uas txawv ntawm hom no mus rau so yog tias Aptenodytes forsteri khaws lawv cov qe ntawm qhov kub ntawm kwv yees li 31 ºC, qis dua qhov tau hais los saum no.
Yug Penguin: Video
Nyob hauv cov vis dis aus hauv qab no, tau tshaj tawm rau Penguins International channel, peb tuaj yeem soj ntsuam penguins yug li cas nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev pom.
Penguins saib xyuas lawv cov menyuam li cas?
Penguins yog cov niam txiv zoo heev, hlub lawv cov menyuam. Ib feem ntawm qhov kev saib xyuas no yog ua tiav hauv zej zog txoj hauv kev, uas yog hu ua penguin chaw zov me nyuam Cov chaw zov me nyuam no pib lawv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev koom tes ntawm tag nrho cov pab pawg penguins, leej twg watch Cov me nyuam mos tau sov so thiab tig mus nrhiav zaub mov, tsis txhob tso cov menyuam yaus mus.
Lwm qhov kev saib xyuas tseem ceeb ntawm tus menyuam penguins yog lawv cov zaub mov. Ua qhov no, NIAM TXIV NOJ NIAM, TSIS TAU, thiab tom qab ntawdregurgitate nws yog:kom cov me nyuam noj tau. Kev pub menyuam yaus yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm leej txiv thiab leej niam, txij li kev saib xyuas tau muab faib rau hauv txoj kev ncaj ncees. Yog li, tus twg tsis ua tus saib xyuas tus qaib kom sov yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zaub mov thiab lwm yam.
Thaum me me penguins laus txaus pib txav mus yam tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev khov, vim lawv yuav tau tsim lawv cov plumage thiab hnyav, lawv yuav pib kawm tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej. Thaum ntawd lawv pib nrog lawv niam lawv txiv rau kev nrhiav zaub mov, yog li kawm ntses thiab noj tau lawv tus kheej. Lub sij hawm uas lawv ua ywj siab txawv ntawm hom thiab kuj txawv raws li qhov chaw nplua nuj npaum li cas, txij li nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas yooj yim nkag tau rau cov zaub mov, penguins ua ywj siab sai dua nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas nws tsis tshua muaj.
me nyuam penguins noj dab tsi?
Penguin yog ib tug , vim nws cov khoom noj tsuas yog los ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm cov tsiaj keeb kwm. Hauv lawv cov zaub mov peb feem ntau pom krill, uas yog me me crustacean pom nyob rau hauv Antarctic dej[2], thiab ntses ntau yam , as well as some cephalopods, molluscs and polychaetes.
Cov zaub mov no feem ntau yog nuv ntses los yog ntes tau los ntawm cov neeg laus penguins ntawm qhov tob ntawm 20 thiab 200 meters hauv qab dej hiav txwv, ib yam dab tsi txawv heev nyob ntawm thaj chaw nyob thiab thaj chaw thaj chaw uas nws nyob txhua qhov. pej xeem ntawm penguins. Thaum ntes tau, raws li peb tau hais hauv ntu dhau los, leej txiv lossis leej niam uas tau ua txoj haujlwm no zom nws me ntsis thiab regurgitates nws kom nkag mus rau hauv qaib lub qhov ncauj.
Lwm yam xav paub txog penguins
Tam sim no koj paub tias penguins yug li cas thiab saib xyuas lawv cov menyuam li cas, nyeem kom nthuav koj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm penguins thiab nrhiav qee qhov xav paub ntxiv:
Penguins mus ncig li cas?
Ntawm no yog ib hom noog uas yuav ya tsis tau los yog yam tsawg kawg tsis yog lo lus ya feem ntau to taub. Qee hom penguins "fly" by long jumps, tab sis qhov no tsis yog vim, zoo li lwm cov noog, lawv npuaj lawv tis thiab hover rau qhov ntawd, tab sis tsuas yog rau cov noog. quab yuam uas lawv muaj peev xwm tsav lawv tus kheej.
Lawv yog , , vim lawv ib txwm yuav tsum txav mus rau hauv dej mus nrhiav zaub mov. Hauv dej lawv tuaj yeem nrawm nrawm, qhov tseeb uas sib piv nrog qhov qeeb uas lawv txav thaum lawv taug kev. Qee lub sij hawm lawv tseem swb hla cov dej khov, muab lawv lub plab tawm tsam cov ntawv dej khov, uas yog nplua. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lawv ua luam dej, lawv feem ntau ua li ntawd nrog rau tam sim no, vim qhov no nyiam lawv txav mus sai txaus kom ntes lawv cov tsiaj.
Penguins pw tsaug zog li cas?
Penguin pw tsis tsaug zog li tib neeg ua. Nquag, penguins tsis tsaug zog ntev ntev ib yam li peb, tab sis tshaj lawv lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog rau luv luv thoob plaws hnub thiab hmo ntuj. Cov naps no sib txawv heev ntawm cov tsiaj sib txawv ntawm penguins, txawv qhov zaus thiab lub sijhawm ntawm lawv ntawm lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv txhua tus tsaug zog tib yam: thaum lawv xav tau pw tsaug zog, cov penguins pw hauv ib pab pawg, vim qhov no ua rau lawv tiv thaiv ntau dua los ntawm kev hem. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev uas lawv ua nrog nws kom tsis txhob khov kom tuag, vim thaum lawv nrog penguins ntau lawv sov ib leeg.
Lawv tsaug zog sawv, vim yog lawv nteg lawv lub cev yuav raug mob khaub thuas los ntawm av, txawm yog lawv nyob hauv cov chaw sov, zoo li cov penguins uas nyob rau yav qab teb Africa, tuaj yeem pw tsaug zog. Ib txhia kuj tau pw tsaug zog thaum nyob hauv dej, nyob twj ywm thiab pw luv luv, txwv tsis pub thaum lawv tsiv teb tsaws chaw thiab tsis tso ko taw rau hauv av qhuav ntev ntev lawv yuav so tsis tau.
