Nyob rau hauv ib lub ecosystem, ib yam li muaj food chains nyob qhov twg peb pom cov nroj tsuag tsim cov kab mob (tsis muaj tsiaj tsim) thiab noj. tsiaj, ib yam nkaus thiab muaj cov khoom noj khoom noj tsis zoo, nws lub hom phiaj yog los hloov tag nrho cov organic teeb meem, los ntawm lwm cov khoom noj khoom haus, mus rau hauv inorganic teeb meem, ua cov tebchaw. absorbable dua rau cov nroj tsuag. Nyob rau hauv cov saw no peb pom cov kab mob decomposing los yog detritivorous, ib co ntawm lawv yog decomposing tsiaj, txawm hais tias feem ntau yog fungi los yog kab mob.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav pom dab tsi decomposers yog thiab lawv lub luag hauj lwm dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub ecosystem.
Decomposers yog cov kab mob heterotrophic uas pub rau decomposing organic teeb meem los yog pov tseg ntawm lwm yam tsiaj, xws li quav. Cov kab mob no tseem hu ua saprophagous Decomposition yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ecosystems kom rov tsim cov teeb meem thiab lub zog. Nws yog ua los ntawm ntau yam kab mob, ntau ntawm lawv yog decomposing bacteria los yog chemoorganotrophs vim lawv tau txais lub zog los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siv decomposing organic teeb meem raws li ib tug substrate.
Lwm pab pawg tseem ceeb heev yog cov fungi, ob qho tib si microscopic thiab macroscopic. Thaum kawg, txawm hais tias feem ntau nws yog thaum pib ntawm cov saw detritivorous, peb pom cov decomposing tsiaj, ib pab pawg tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog scavengers.
Type of decomposers
Muaj peb hom kab mob decomposing, cais raws li cov keeb kwm ntawm cov organic teeb meem nyob rau hauv decomposition, seb nws yog ib tug neeg tuag. los yog ib feem ntawm qhov no, cov nroj tsuag tuag los yog quav. Raws li qhov no, hom peb pom yog:
- Detritivorous organisms: yog cov uas pub rau detritus los yog cov nroj tsuag uas sau rau hauv av, xws li nplooj, cag, ceg los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab tom qab decomposition mus ua tus humus, uas yog av heev. nplua nuj nyob rau hauv organic teeb meem.
- Ghouls: Cov kab mob no pub rau decomposing corpses or body parts of animal. Feem ntau, qhov kev txiav txim no yog pib los ntawm cov kab mob uas pab txhawb kev assimilation ntawm cov organic teeb meem los ntawm decomposing tsiaj.
- Coprophagous Organisms: Cov no yog cov kab mob, feem ntau cov fungi thiab decomposing tsiaj, uas pub cov organic teeb meem uas tseem assimilable los ntawm quav.
Dab tsi yog decomposers?
The txoj kev decomposing tsiaj is none other than:
Cov neeg muaj sia nyob ntawm tus tsiaj lub nceeg vaj uas pub cov organic teeb meem decomposing.
Peb pom cov tsiaj txhu nyob hauv ob pawg invertebrate thiab vertebrate. Ntawm cov qub, tej zaum cov pab pawg tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kab , ntawm ntau hom, xws li yoov, wasps or beetles. Qhov twg peb pom ntau piv txwv ntawm decomposing vertebrate tsiaj yog nyob rau hauv pawg ntawm mammals thiab noog
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev nplua nuj ntawm cov tsiaj no varies raws huab cua Piv txwv li, suab puam decomposers yog tsawg, tsuas yog ib co invertebrates. Nws yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej uas peb tuaj yeem pom qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov kab mob no. Ua cov tsiaj txhu decomposing hav zoov cov uas muaj ntau haiv neeg.
Piv txwv ntawm decomposing tsiaj
Hauv qab no, peb qhia cov npe nrog qee cov piv txwv ntawm decomposing tsiaj cais raws li hom:
Piv txwv ntawm cov tsiaj tsis zoo:
- Earthworms (Tsev Neeg Lumbricidae), ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv tsim ntawm humus..
- Gastropods (Molluscs, teredos and snails). Ntau tus tsiaj no kuj noj cov nroj tsuag muaj sia, qee zaum ua rau lawv ua pests.
- Oniscidea los yog sow pills (Suborder Oniscidea).
Piv txwv ghouls:
- Diptera lossis yoov (Tsev neeg Sarcophagidae, Calliphoridae, Phoridae lossis Muscidae). Hauv forensic science cov tsiaj thiab kab no raug coj los txiav txim rau lub sijhawm tuag.
- Coleoptera los yog kab (tsev neeg Silphidae los yog Dermestidae)
- Hyenas (Tsev neeg Hyaenidae). Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ecologists yuav tsis suav nrog scavengers ua ib feem ntawm cov tsiaj txhu necrophagous, tab sis qhov tseeb yog tias lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev decomposition ntawm cov neeg tuag.
- Vultures (Tsev neeg Accipitridae thiab Cathartidae)
Piv txwv ntawm cov tsiaj txhu:
- Coleoptera los yog kab (tsev neeg Scarabaeidae, Geotrupidae thiab Hybosoridae). Nov suav nrog dung beetles.
- Diptera los yog yoov (tsev neeg Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae lossis Muscidae). Tus greenfly (Phaenicia sericata) is very recognizable on animal droppings.
- Neophron percnopterus. Ntxiv rau qhov ua ghoul, nws pab nws noj cov quav nyuj, kom nqus tau cov carotenoids (zaub pigment) uas muab nws cov beak nws striking xim.
