Dej dej ua rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab ntxim nyiam ntawm cov tsiaj uas nyob hauv hav dej. Lawv muaj cov yas zoo dua li lwm cov tsiaj, piv txwv li ntses, txawm li cas los xij, qee hom tsis muaj kev hloov pauv rau cov dej hauv ib puag ncig thiab siv cov chaw no nyob rau hauv ib lossis ob peb lub caij ntawm lub xyoo los siv ib feem ntawm lawv. biological cycle, mus zes thiab yug me nyuam, los yog hloov plumage. Lwm hom tsiaj tau tsim kho lub cev thiab lub cev hloov pauv uas tso cai rau lawv kom zoo siv qhov chaw ib puag ncig thiab yog li nyob ntawm lawv yuav luag tag nrho thiaj li tsim tau lawv lub neej voj voog kom tiav.
Yog koj xav paub ntxiv waterfowl, mus nyeem ntawv no ntawm peb lub xaib thiab peb yuav qhia koj txhua yam txog lawv, los ntawm lawv hom thiab nta, txoj cai mus rau lawv lub npe thiab piv txwv.
Type of waterfowl
Txhua tus noog, zoo li lwm cov vertebrates, xav tau dej nyob. Tab sis thaum peb hais txog cov noog dej, peb tuaj yeem hais tias lawv yog cov tsiaj uas siv cov dej hauv dej thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej lossis ib theem ntawm lawv lub neej.
Cov noog no varied nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lawv cov duab, qhov loj me thiab hloov mus rau ib puag ncig dej. Ntawm lawv, peb pom cov tsiaj uas tsiv teb tsaws chaw, lossis ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov dej hauv dej hauv kev tshawb nrhiav zaub mov thiab thaj chaw kom yug me nyuam.
Tseem muaj kev faib tawm rau cov noog raws li lawv hom thiab lawv yog:
- Strict aquatics: the main characteristic of this group is the presence of certain anatomical and physiological adaptations such as a very dense plumage and in the dej tsis zoo nyob rau hauv feem ntau ua tsaug rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov rog los yog hmoov uas yog tsim los ntawm cov qog tshwj xeeb (cormorants), los yog cov ntshav tsis zoo ntawm lawv ob txhais ceg (penguins), uas nws qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub cev, kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov. poob rau hauv dej.
- Non-nqaj dej los yog ib nrab dej: Txawm hais tias lawv tsis nthuav tawm cov yam ntxwv hloov pauv rau lub neej hauv dej ib puag ncig zoo li lwm tus, hom yog pab pawg ntawm no uas cuam tshuam nrog cov nroj tsuag uas nyob ib puag ncig cov av ntub dej thiab lub cev ntawm cov dej thiab yuav tsum tau nyob hauv lawv thaj tsam los tsim ib feem ntawm lawv lub voj voog lossis qee yam kev ua ub no, xws li zes lossis pub mis.
Kab dej nyab
Waterfowl yog cov tsiaj txha caj qaum uas nyob, rau qee qib, nyob rau qee qhov dej qib ntawm kev vam khom ntawm cov cheeb tsam no txawv raws li hom. Cov noog no ua tiav
cov luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ecological raws li cov neeg siv khoom, cov chaw muab cov khoom organic thiab hloov pauv ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov av ntub dej yog qhov chaw zes qhov chaw uas ntau txhiab tus neeg tuaj yeem mloog tau, chaw nyob thiab ua zaub mov rau cov noog.
Cov hom no muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb rau lawv, vim lawv hloov mus rau ib puag ncig uas tsis yog txhua tus noog nkag tau. Ntawm cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb no yog interdigital membranes, uas tej zaum yuav muaj ntau theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob nyob ntawm hom thiab tag nrho cov ntiv taw (pelicans), lub hauv paus ntawm nws. (ducks, geese, thiab gulls, piv txwv li) los yog tsim rau txhua tus ntiv taw (qee grebes).
Cov hom no kuj muaj waterproof feathers raws li kev yoog rau kev ua luam dej, vim muaj coob leej ntau tus dhia dej los mus nrhiav zaub mov. Lwm tus muaj cov ntiv tes ntev heev thiab cov rau tes uas tso cai rau lawv txav mus los ntawm cov dej nyab thiab cov chaw mos yam tsis muaj dab tsi (jacanas). Cov tsiaj xws li storks thiab herons muaj ceg ntev heev uas tso cai rau lawv mus nrhiav zaub mov hauv dej ntiav yam tsis tau txais cov plumage ntub. Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb, vim tias muaj ntau hom tsiaj uas nws tis tau yoog raws li paddles rau kev ua luam dej, nrog rau lawv lub cev fusiform, xws li cov penguins..
lawv cov beaks kuj suav nrog cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov noog, vim qee hom muaj beaks uas tso cai rau lawv noj. nyob rau hauv cov dej los yog av nkos. Shorebirds, piv txwv li, muaj ntev, nyias beaks uas lawv taug kev los ntawm qhov chaw ntiav, thiab lwm hom, xws li flamingos los yog ducks, muaj lim beaks.
Kev muaj ib hom lossis lwm yam dej noog nyob hauv cov av ntub dej yuav nyob ntawm seb cov nroj tsuag tam sim no, nws lub caij nyoog, thiab nws qhov loj thiab cov duab.
Tom ntej no, peb yuav pom qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov noog dej.
Lawv yog ib pab noog koom nrog seas and their coasts lawv nrhiav zaub mov thiab lwm yam. Lawv cov morphological adaptations tso cai rau lawv mus ua luam dej, plunge thiab dhia dej hauv kev tshawb nrhiav lawv cov zaub mov, ntxiv rau, qee hom muaj cov qog tshwj xeeb kom tshem tawm ntsev ntau dhau. Nws yog ib pab pawg neeg sib txawv uas suav nrog ntau hom tsiaj, los ntawm cov noog loj, xws li Royal albatross (Diomedea epomophora), nrog cov hnab ntim khoom xws li cov pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus), gannets lossis boobies, xws li liab-ko taw booby (Sula sula), mus rau nruab nrab thiab me me nrog cov nqi me me tab sis muaj zog, xws li Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) thiab European Storm-petrel (Hydrobates pelagicus).
ducks and divers
Ntawm no yog pab pawg hom uas tshwj xeeb hauv ua luam dej thiab dhia dej , piv txwv li os, xws li mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), cormorants xws li Magellanic cormorant (Phalacrocorax magellanicus) thiab grebes xws li cov dub-caj dab cormorant (Podiceps nigricollis), hom uas tseem herbivorous lossis omnivorous divers
Nkauj Noog
Feem ntau, cov noog no tau yoog rau cov dej nyob ib puag ncig, tab sis qhov ua rau lawv sib nrug ntawm lwm cov noog yog lawv peev xwm taug kev hauv dej(wading), ib tug txheej txheem uas lawv siv los ntes cov ntses uas ua ib feem ntawm lawv cov zaub mov. Nws ua qhov no ua tsaug rau qhov tseeb tias lawv muaj ob txhais ceg ntev, caj dab thiab beak. Nyob rau hauv pab pawg no peb tuaj yeem sau npe herons xws li grey heron (Ardea cinerea) thiab storks xws li American heron (Ciconia maguari), piv txwv li.
Waders
Lawv yog cov uas hloov mus rau ib qho ntau yam dej nyab ib puag ncig, xws li roob siab ntub dej, xuab zeb lossis pob zeb ntug hiav txwv dej, mangroves., ntawm lwm tus. Lawv yog cov noog me lossis nruab nrab nrog ob txhais ceg ntev, nrog cov kab dav thiab luv luv zoo li Little Plover (Charadrius dubius), lossis elongated thiab nyias, zoo li Andean Avocet (Recurvirostra andina), rau npe ob peb.
Ntau hom no siv cov nroj tsuag tam sim no nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, pas dej los yog lwm lub cev dej muaj ntau qhov chaw uas lawv muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tus kheej thiab nrhiav zaub mov Lawv yoog tau ob qho tib si rau kev ua luam dej, xws li hauv rooj plaub (Fulica atra), thiab mus taug kev saum toj no cov nroj tsuag xws li jacanas (Jacana jacana). Cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg no feem ntau muaj lub cev uas tso cai rau lawv txav tau yooj yim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuab.
Dej Raptors and Kingfishers
pab pawg no yog tsim los ntawm cov tsiaj uas tsis nruj dejthiab lawv tsis muaj kev hloov pauv rau kev ua luam dej, tab sis los ntawm ntau hom kev siv dav hlau predation mus ntes lawv cov tsiaj, uas feem ntau yog ntses. Piv txwv ntawm cov noog no yog osprey (Pandion haliaetus) thiab giant kingfisher (Megaceryle torquata).
Lwm tus dej
Zoo li pab pawg yav dhau los, cov tsiaj no tsis muaj kev hloov pauv rau lub neej nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig dej, tab sis cuam tshuam nrog v Hnub nyoog uas nyob ib puag ncig lub cev dej, thiab qhov twg lawv tau txais lawv cov zaub mov los ntawm. Cov European Dipper (Cinclus cinclus), piv txwv li, yog tib lub passerine (xa mus rau qhov kev txiav txim Passeriformes) uas yog nruj me ntsis dej, raws li nws muaj ntom, impermeable plumage thiab lwm yam physiological adaptations uas tso cai rau nws submerge rau ob peb feeb siv nws tis thiab. ua maneuver sub it.
