birds yog ib pab tsiaj uas hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj no yog lawv lub cev npog nrog plaub thiab ya, tab sis Puas tag nrho cov noog ya? Cov lus teb tsis yog, ntau cov noog, lossis lwm yam vim tsis muaj cov tsiaj nyeg los yog vim lawv tau tsim lwm lub tswv yim tiv thaiv, lawv tau poob peev xwm ya.
tsiaj migration yog dab tsi?
Tsiaj tsiv teb tsaws chaw yog ib hom kev txav ntau ntawm cov tib neeg ntawm ib hom. Nws yog ib qho muaj zog heev thiab tsis tu ncua, uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv taus raws li cov kws tshawb fawb. Nws zoo nkaus li nyob ntawm qee yam kev txwv ib ntus ntawm cov hom kev xav tau los tswj hwm nws thaj chaw thiab muaj kev sib haum xeeb los ntawm biological moos, kev hloov hauv cov sij hawm ntawm lub teeb thiab kub. Tsis tsuas yog noog ua kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm pawg tsiaj xws li plankton, ntau hom tsiaj, tsiaj reptiles, kab, ntses thiab ntau lwm yam.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsiv teb tsaws tau fascinated cov kws tshawb fawb rau ntau pua xyoo. Kev zoo nkauj ntawm pab pawg txav ntawm cov tsiaj ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm overcoming impressive body barriers, xws li suab puam lossis roob, tau ua rau kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw yog lub hom phiaj ntawm ntau txoj kev tshawb fawb., tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tsom me me migratory noog.
Tsev Tsiaj Tsiv Teb Chaws
Kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw tsis yog kev txav chaw tsis muaj qab hau, lawv tau kawm nruj me ntsis thiab paub tseeb txog cov tsiaj uas nqa lawv tawm. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsiaj tsiv teb tsaws yog:
- Involves the tso tawm ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm tib hom. Cov kev txav mus los muaj ntau dua qhov kev faib tawm tiag tiag los ntawm cov menyuam yaus, kev txav txhua hnub hauv kev tshawb nrhiav zaub mov lossis kev txav mus los tiv thaiv thaj chaw.
- Migration has a direction, a meta. Tsiaj paub tias lawv mus qhov twg.
- Qee cov lus teb yog inhibited. Piv txwv li, txawm tias cov xwm txheej zoo tshaj plaws nyob qhov twg, yog lub sijhawm los, kev tsiv teb tsaws pib.
- Txoj kev coj tus yam ntxwv ntawm hom yuav txawv. Piv txwv li, cov noog diurnal tej zaum yuav ya thaum hmo ntuj kom tsis txhob muaj cov tsiaj nyeg los yog, yog tias lawv nyob ib leeg, lawv tuaj yeem pab pawg ua ke kom tsiv teb tsaws chaw. Lub "migratory restlessness" tej zaum yuav tshwm tuaj.
- Tsiaj khw muag khoom zog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rog kom tsis txhob noj thaum lub sij hawm tsiv teb tsaws.
Piv txwv ntawm migratory noog
Ntau tus noog ua ntev tsiv tsiv. Cov kev txav no feem ntau yog los ntawm sab qaum teb, qhov chaw lawv muaj lawv thaj chaw zes mus rau sab qab teb, qhov twg lawv siv lub caij ntuj no Qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov noog tsiv teb tsaws yog:
1. Barn Swallow
The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is a migratory noog tam sim no nyob rau hauv txawv climatesthiab altitude ranges. Nws feem ntau nyob hauv Europe thiab North America, lub caij ntuj no hauv sub-Saharan Africa, sab hnub poob Europe, thiab South Asia thiab South America. Raws li IUCN, nws cov pejxeem poob qis, vim li ntawd nws thiaj suav tias yog hom tsiaj uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb tsawg [1] Nws yog ib hom nqos nrov tshaj plaws. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, ob tus tib neeg zoo li lawv lub zes yog tiv thaiv raws txoj cai nyob rau ntau lub teb chaws.
ob. Laugh Gull
The Laughing Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) mas inhabitants Europe and Asia, txawm hais tias peb tseem tuaj yeem pom nws hauv Africa thiab Amelikas thaum lub caij yug me nyuam los yog caij nyoog. Nws cov pejxeem tsis paub thiab txawm hais tias Raws li IUCN, nws qhov xwm txheej yog Kev txhawj xeeb tsawg kawg [2]
3. Whooper Swan
The whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus) feem ntau raug hem los ntawm kev rhuav tshem hav zoov, txawm hais tias nws tseem suav tias yog hom kev txhawj xeeb tsawg tshaj plaws los ntawm IUCN. [3] Muaj different populations uas tuaj yeem tsiv teb tsaws ntawm Iceland mus rau United Kingdom, los ntawm Sweden thiab Denmark mus rau Netherlands thiab lub teb chaws Yelemees, los ntawm Kazakhstan mus rau Afghanistan thiab Turkmenistan, thiab los ntawm Kauslim mus rau Nyiv. Tseem muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog cov pej xeem tsiv teb tsaws chaw los ntawm Western Siberia mus rau Kamnchatka [4], Mongolia thiab Tuam Tshoj[5]
4. Greater Flamingo
The Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) ua rau nomadic thiab ib nrab migratory txavraws li cov zaub mov muaj. Nws taug kev los ntawm West Africa mus rau Mediterranean, kuj suav nrog Southwest thiab South Asia thiab Sub-Saharan Africa. Lawv niaj hnub taug kev mus rau thaj chaw sov sov thaum lub caij ntuj no, nrhiav lawv thaj chaw yug me nyuam hauv Mediterranean thiab West Africa feem ntau[6]
Cov tsiaj nyaum no txav mus rau hauv cov cheeb tsam loj thiab tuab, txog li 200,000 tus tib neeg Sab nraum lub caij yug me nyuam cov tsiaj muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 100 tus neeg.. Nws suav hais tias yog tsiaj uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb tsawg tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias hmoov zoo nws cov pej xeem txoj kev loj hlob, raws li IUCN, ua tsaug rau kev siv zog ua hauv Fabkis thiab Spain los tiv thaiv kev yaig thiab tsis muaj zes Islands tuaj txhawm rau txhim kho kev loj hlob ntawm hom [6]
Discover also on our site is vim li cas flamingos thiaj li liab.
5. Dub Stork
The Black Stork (Ciconia nigra) yog ib yam tsiaj tsiv teb tsaws chaw tag nrho, txawm li cas los xij, qee cov neeg kuj tseem nyob tsis taus, piv txwv li hauv Spain. Taug kev nyob rau hauv nqaim pem hauv ntej raws txoj kev uas tau teev tseg zoo, ib leeg los yog pab pawg me txog li 30 tus neeg. Nws cov pejxeem tsis paub, yog li ntawd, raws li IUCN, nws raug suav hais tias yog hom kev txhawj xeeb tsawg [7]
Ntau migratory noog npe
Koj puas tau xav ntau dua? Peb muab rau koj ib daim ntawv teev cov piv txwv ntawm migratory noog kom koj paub meej txog koj tus kheej:
- White-fronted goose (Anser albifrons)
- Red-necked Geese (Branta ruficollis)
- Carretona teal (Spatula querquedula)
- Black Scoter (Melanitta nigra)
- Low Loon (Gavia stellata)
- Common Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus)
- Squacco Egret (Ardeola ralloides)
- Grey Heron (Ardea purpurea)
- Black Kite (Milvus migrans)
- Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)
- Western Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus)
- Montagu's Harrier (Circus pygargus)
- Rainbow (Glareola pratincola)
- Grey Plover (Pluvialis squatarola)
- European Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus)
- Tridactyl Sandpiper (Calidris alba)
- Sooty Gull (Larus fuscus)
- Red-billed Pagaza (Hydropogne caspia)
- Common Martin (Delichon urbicum)
- Common Swift (Apus apus)
- Cattle Wagtail (Motacilla flava)
- Bluethroat Nightingale (Luscinia svecica)
- Redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus)
- Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe)
- Shrike (Lanius senator)
- Reed Bunting (Emberiza schoeniclus)
Nkauj noog mus ntev tshaj
Cov noog uas nws tsiv teb tsaws chaw yog qhov ntev tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, taug kev ntau dua 70,000 km yog tus Arctic tern(Sterna paradisaea). Cov tsiaj no yug nyob rau hauv cov dej txias ntawm North Ncej thaum lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv no hemisphere. Thaum kawg ntawm lub Yim Hli, lawv pib tsiv mus rau South Pole thiab tuaj txog ntawm no thaum nruab nrab Lub Kaum Ob Hlis. Cov noog no hnyav ib ncig ntawm 100 grams thiab nws qhov ntev ntawm 76 txog 85 centimeters.
The Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus griseus) yog lwm cov noog tsiv teb tsaws chaw uas muaj me ntsis rau kev khib ntawm arctic tern. Cov tib neeg ntawm cov tsiaj no, uas nws txoj kev tsiv teb tsaws yog ib qho uas mus los ntawm Aleutian Islands tuaj ntawm Bering Hiav Txwv mus rau New Zealand, kuj npog qhov deb ntawm 64,000 kilometers
Hauv daim duab peb qhia koj txog kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw ntawm tsib arctic terns, taug qab los ntawm Netherlands. Cov kab dub sawv cev mus rau sab qab teb thiab kab grey sab qaum teb[8].