Tsiaj txhu, raws li ib tug tib neeg kab mob, tshwm sim thiab ploj mus, tab sis cov hom uas peb koom nyob rau hauv, tag nrho cov ua tsaug rau kev yug me nyuam, ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm ntawm creatures. Nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj tsiaj peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ob lub tswv yim kev yug me nyuam, kev yug me nyuam asexual thiab kev sib deev, uas muaj ntau dua ntawm cov tsiaj.
yog txoj kev ua me nyuam yaus ntawm cov tsiaj, txawm hais tias qee tus ntawm lawv tuaj yeem tsim tau tshwj xeeb los ntawm lub tswv yim asexual. Yog li no, nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav piav qhia
Txoj kev sib deev hauv tsiaj
NOJ ZOG LOPRUCTION YOG LUB CEV YUAV UA LI CAS, Teb rau cov tib neeg uas tau ua txhaum rau hom.)
Cov yam ntxwv uas txhais hom kev ua si no muaj ntau yam. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nyob rau hauv kev sib deev muaj ob tug neeg koom tes, tsis zoo li nyob rau hauv asexual reproduction qhov twg tsuas muaj ib tug, ib tug poj niam thiab ib tug txiv neej. Ob leeg muaj lub cev hu ua gonads uas tsim gametes. Cov gametes no yog cov hlwb kev sib deev, ovules hauv poj niam, tsim los ntawm zes qe menyuam thiab cov phev tsim los ntawm cov noob qes hauv txiv neej.
Thaum lub qe thiab cov phev fuse lawv ua rau zygote. Lub koomhaum no hu ua fertilization Fertilization tuaj yeem tshwm sim sab hauv lossis sab nraud ntawm tus tsiaj, nyob ntawm hom, yog li muaj fertilization sab nraudqhov twg poj niam thiab txiv neej ntiab lawv gametes mus rau hauv dej ib puag ncig kom fertilized thiab lub internal fertilization , qhov twg cov spermatozoa pom lub ovule nyob rau hauv lub poj niam.
Tom qab fertilization, cov tsim zygote yuav muaj 50% leej niam DNA thiab 50% leej txiv DNA, uas yog, cov xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv uas tsim los ntawm kev sib deev reproduction yuav muaj genetic khoomntawm ob niam txiv.
theem kev sib deev hauv cov tsiaj
Kev sib deev hauv cov tsiaj muaj ntau theem, pib nrog gametogenesis. Qhov tshwm sim no muaj kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm poj niam thiab txiv neej gametes nyob rau hauv cov poj niam thiab txiv neej gonads, feem.
Los ntawm kab mob thiab los ntawm ib hom cell division hu ua meiosis, poj niam thiab txiv neej tsim lawv gametes. Lub suab ntawm kev tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm gametes yuav nyob ntawm ntau yam, tab sis feem ntau yog nyob ntawm hom thiab poj niam txiv neej.
Tom qab gametogenesis, cov txheej txheem uas fertilization tshwm sim yog mating Mediated los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones, cov tib neeg ntawm cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog yuav nrhiav lub tuam txhab ntawm qhov opposite. kev sib deev rau poj niam thiab, tom qab kev sib tham, kev sib koom ua ke yuav tshwm sim hauv cov tsiaj uas muaj fertilization sab hauv. Cov tsiaj uas muaj lwm cov fertilization yuav tso cov gametes rau hauv ib puag ncig kom fertilized.
Tom qab fertilization tshwm sim rau theem kawg ntawm kev sib deev kev sib deev, fertilization, uas muaj ib tug series ntawm molecular hloov uas tso cai rau fusion ntawm lub ovum nucleus nrog cov phev nucleus.
Types of sexual reproduction in animal
Cov hom kev sib deev uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj muaj feem xyuam rau qhov loj ntawm gametes uas yuav koom ua ke hauv fertilization, yog li peb pom isogamy, anisogamy thiab oogamy.
- isogamy yog fusion ntawm ob gametes ntawm qhov loj me, nws tsis tuaj yeem pom qhov sib txawv uas yog txiv neej lossis poj niam gamete. Ob qho tib si ib qho thiab lwm qhov tuaj yeem yog mobile lossis immobile. Nws yog thawj hom kev sib deev uas tshwm sim hauv keeb kwm evolutionary thiab yog ib qho ntawm chlamydomonas (unicellular algae) thiab monocystis, ib tug protist. Nws tsis tshwm sim rau tsiaj.
- anisogamy is the fusion of gametes of different sizes. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm txiv neej thiab poj niam gametes, thiab ob qho tib si tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj zog lossis tsis muaj zog. Nws tshwm tom qab hauv evolution dua li isogamy. Nws tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob fungi, siab dua invertebrates thiab lwm yam tsiaj.
- oogamy is the fusion of a very large, immobile gamete with me, mobile gametes. Nws yog hom kawg ntawm kev yug me nyuam uas tshwm nyob rau hauv evolution. Nws yog ib qho ntawm ntau dua algae, ferns, gymnosperms thiab tsiaj xws li vertebrates.
Piv txwv kev sib deev hauv tsiaj
Muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm kev sib deev vim muaj tsiaj txhu.
- mammals xws li dev, chimpanzees, whales los yog tib neeg muaj kev sib deev nrog rau kev fertilization thiab oogamy, lawv yog, nyob rau hauv. Ntxiv rau, cov tsiaj viviparous, yog li kev loj hlob ntawm embryonic yuav tshwm sim hauv plab.
- Las aves, txawm tias lawv nteg qe li lawv yog tsiaj oviparous, lawv kuj ua raws li qhov kev sib deev kev sib deev nrog oogamy.
- Cov tsiaj reptiles, amphibians, thiab ntses kuj tseem yug dua kev sib deev, txawm hais tias qee hom tsiaj ua raws li lub tswv yim asexual ntawm qee lub sijhawm hauv lawv lub neej. Qee tus yog oviparous thiab lwm tus ovoviviparous, ntau ntawm lawv muaj fertilization sab nraud thiab ntau lwm tus sab hauv.
- The arthropods yog ib pab tsiaj loj thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg, yog li hauv pab pawg no peb yuav pom ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud fertilization thiab kis ntawm oogamy thiab anisogamy. Qee tus yuav rov tsim dua tshiab.
Tsis txhob hnov qab tias muaj cov tsiaj txhu, nrog rau poj niam thiab txiv neej cov kab mob hauv lub cev xeeb tub tib lub sijhawm, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem ua tau txiv neej lossis poj niam thaum mating. Kev yug tus kheej tsis tshwm sim.
