Mast cell hlav hauv miv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ob hom: cutaneous thiab visceral. Cutaneous mast cell hlav yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws thiab yog hom thib ob ntawm malignant cancer hauv miv. Visceral mastocytoma feem ntau tshwm sim hauv tus po, txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv lwm qhov chaw xws li txoj hnyuv.
Kev kuaj mob yog tsim los ntawm cytology lossis biopsy, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cutaneous mastocytoma, thiab los ntawm cytology, kuaj ntshav thiab kuaj pom hauv visceral mastocytoma. Kev kho mob yog los ntawm kev phais nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si, txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv qee hom visceral mastocytoma nws tsis tau qhia, siv tshuaj khomob thiab txhawb cov tshuaj los txhim kho lub neej zoo ntawm tus miv nrog mastocytoma. Mus nyeem ntawv tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb lub xaib kom paub ntau ntxiv txog mastocytoma hauv miv, nws cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob.
mastocytoma hauv miv yog dab tsi?
Mast cell tumor yog ib cov qog uas muaj ib qho exaggerated multiplication of mast cells Mast cells yog cov hlwb uas tsim los ntawm cov pob txha los ntawm hematopoietic precursors thiab tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas, kab mob plab, thiab kab mob ua pa.
Lawv yog ib co cov hlwb tiv thaiv ntawm thawj kab tiv thaiv kab mob thiab lawv cov granules muaj cov tshuaj uas kho cov tshuaj tsis haum thiab inflammatory, xws li histamine, TNF-α, IL-6, proteases, thiab lwm yam
Thaum cov qog ntawm cov hlwb no tshwm sim, cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov granules raug tso tawm ntau dhau, ua rau cov teebmeem hauv zos lossis cov kab mobuas lawv tuaj yeem ua tau. ua rau muaj ntau yam kev kuaj mob sib txawv, nyob ntawm lawv qhov chaw.
Types of mastocytoma in miv
Hauv miv, mastocytoma tuaj yeem raug txiav, thaum nws nyob ntawm daim tawv nqaij; los yog visceral, thaum nws pom nyob rau hauv lub viscera.
Cutaneous mastocytoma
NOJ NTXHWM ZOO TSHAJ PLAWS ZAUBZAUBZAUBZAJ NIAM TUAG. Siamese miv zoo li predisposed rau cutaneous mast cell hlav. Muaj
ob daim ntawv ntawm cutaneous mast cell hlav raws li lawv cov yam ntxwv histological:
- Mastocytic: tshwm sim tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov miv uas muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoos thiab sib faib compactly (feem ntau thiab benign, mus txog 90% ntawm mob) thiab diffuse daim ntawv (ntau malignant, infiltrating thiab ua metastasis).
- Histiocytic: Qhov no tshwm sim ntawm hnub nyoog 2 txog 10.
Visceral mastocytoma
Cov hlwb mast tuaj yeem pom hauv Parenchymal organs xws li:
- Spleen (feem ntau).
- Mediastinal lymph nodes.
- Menseteric lymph nodes.
Lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov miv laus ntawm 9 txog 13 xyoos hnub nyoog.
Cov tsos mob ntawm mastocytoma hauv miv
Nyob ntawm hom mast cell hlav hauv miv, cov tsos mob yuav txawv, raws li peb yuav pom hauv qab no.
Symptoms of Cutaneous Mastocytoma in Cats
Cutaneous mast cell hlav hauv miv tuaj yeem yog ib leeg lossis ntau pawg (20% ntawm cov neeg mob). Lawv tuaj yeem pom ntawm lub taub hau, caj dab, hauv siab lossis qhov kawg, ntawm lwm tus.
Consists of nodules uas feem ntau yog:
- Defined.
- 0, 5-3 cm diam.
- No pigmented or pink.
Lwm
- Erythema.
- Self-trauma.
- Pab mob plab.
- Subcutaneous edema.
- Anaphylactic tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Histiocytic mast cell nodules ib txwm ploj spontaneously.
Symptoms of Visceral Mastocytoma in Cats
Cats with visceral mast cell hlav pom cov tsos mob kab mobxws li:
- Vim.
- Txoj kev nyuaj siab.
- Anorexy.
- Nyob.
- Zoo.
- Hyperxia.
- Ua pa nyuaj yog tias muaj pleural effusion.
- Splenomegaly (loj spleen).
- Ascites.
- Hepatomegaly (lub siab loj).
- Pab ntshav qab zib (14-70%).
- Mastocytosis (31-100%).
Thaum miv nthuav tawm hloov pauv hauv tus po, xws li qhov loj me, nodules lossis kev koom tes ntawm lub cev, hauv thawj qhov chaw xav txog yog mob qog nqaij hlav mast.
Diagnosis of mastocytoma in miv
Kev kuaj mob yuav nyob ntawm seb hom mob qog nqaij hlav mast uas tus kws kho tsiaj xav tias tus feline yuav muaj.
Diagnosis of Cutaneous Mastocytoma in Cats
Cutaneous mastocytoma hauv miv yog xav tias thaum lub nodule nrog cov yam ntxwv tau piav saum toj no tshwm, lees paub los ntawm cytology lossis biopsy.
Histicitic mast cell hlav yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws los kuaj mob los ntawm cytology vim nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm tes, tsis paub meej granularity thiab muaj cov qog ntshav qog ntshav.
Nws yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account tias mast hlwb kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv eosinophilic granuloma, uas tuaj yeem ua rau.
Diagnosis of visceral mastocytoma in miv
LUB ZAUB DUA, NTSUG
- Splenitis.
- Accessory spleen.
- Hemangiosarcoma.
- Nodular hyperplasia.
- Lymphoma.
- Myeloproliferative disease.
CBC, biochemistry thiab imaging tests yog tus yuam sij rau kev kuaj mob visceral mast cell hlav:
- Blood test: hauv kev kuaj ntshav, mastocythemia thiab anemia tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus siab. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj cov mastocythemia, ua tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem no hauv miv.
- Abdominal ultrasound: Abdominal ultrasound tuaj yeem kuaj pom splenomegaly lossis cov plab hnyuv loj thiab nrhiav cov metastases hauv mesenteric lymph nodes lossis lwm yam kabmob, xws li daim siab. Nws kuj tso cai rau pom kev hloov pauv hauv parenchyma ntawm tus po lossis nodules.
- Thoracic X-ray: Lub hauv siab X-ray tso cai rau lub xeev ntawm lub ntsws kom pom, nrhiav metastases, pleural effusion lossis Kev hloov pauv hauv cranial mediastinum
- Cytology: Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the spleen or intestine can differentiate a mast cell tumor from other processes described in the differential diagnosis. Yog tias ua rau cov kua dej pleural lossis peritoneal, mast cells thiab eosinophils tuaj yeem pom.
Tshuaj mob mastocytoma hauv miv
Txoj kev kho yuav tsum ua raws li yuav nthuav tawm qee qhov kev hloov pauv nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob mast cell yuav kho.
Tshuaj kho mob mastocytoma hauv miv
Kev kho mob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav yog ua nrog tshem tawm kev phais, txawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv histiocytic, uas zoo li regress ntawm spontaneously.
Kev phais yog kho tau thiab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm kev phais hauv zos, hauv cov kab mob mast, thiab nrog cov kab mob sib kis ntau dua hauv cov kis mob. Feem ntau, Local excisionnrog margins ntawm 0.5 thiab 1 cm yog pom zoo rau tej cutaneous mast cell qog kuaj los ntawm cytology los yog biopsy.
Recurrences in cutaneous mast cell hlav yog tsawg heev, txawm nyob rau hauv tsis tiav excisions.
Tshuaj mob visceral mastocytoma hauv miv
Kev tshem tawm ntawm visceral mastocytoma yog ua nyob rau hauv miv uas muaj plab hnyuv los yog tus po tsis muaj metastases lwm qhov. Ua ntej tshem tawm, siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li cimetidine lossis chlorferamine tau qhia kom txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm mast cell degranulation, uas yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li mob plab hnyuv, txawv txav ntawm coagulation thiab hypotension.
Lub sij hawm muaj sia nyob nruab nrab tom qab tus kab mob splenectomy yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 12 txog 19 lub hlis, tab sis tsis zoo prognostic yam muaj nyob rau hauv miv uas muaj anorexia, nrog rau kev txiav txim siab. poob phaus, nrog anemia, mastocythemia thiab metastasis.
Tom qab kev phais, adjunctive chemotherapy nrog prednisolone, vinblastine, los yog lomustine feem ntau yog muab.
Hauv cov mob metastasis lossis kev koom tes hauv lub cev, qhov ncauj prednisolone tuaj yeem siv tau ntawm koob tshuaj 4-8 mg / kg txhua 24-48 teev. Yog xav tau ib tus kws khomob ntxiv, chlorambucil tuaj yeem siv qhov ncauj ntawm qhov koob tshuaj 20 mg / m2 txhua ob lub lis piam.
Kom txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm qee tus miv, tshuaj antihistamine tuaj yeem siv los txo cov kua qaub ntau dhau, xeev siab thiab pheej hmoo ntawm plab hnyuv. ulcer, antiemetics, appetite stimulants los yog analgesics.
