The Iberian hma (Canis lupus signatus) yog ib tug subspecies ntawm hma uas nyob hauv Iberian Peninsula, feem ntau nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob, txawm hais tias nws tseem muaj nyob rau lwm qhov chaw ntawm Spanish thaj chaw. Tam sim no nws tau suav tias yog hom kab mob tsis yooj yim, yog vim li cas ntau lub koom haum thiab cov koom haum tau siv zog los muab nws rov qab los rau hauv nws qhov chaw nyob.
Nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ntawm peb lub xaib peb yuav tham kom ntxaws txog Iberian hma, piav txog nws cov yam ntxwv feem ntau, tus cwj pwm, cwj pwm lossis kev yug me nyuam, zoo ib yam, peb kuj tseem yuav daws qee qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab cov dab neeg tsis tseeb uas kav mus txog hnub no. Yog li, yog tias koj xav paub ntxiv txog cov tsiaj txhu uas nyob hauv Iberian Peninsula, tsis txhob yig, nyeem ntxiv!
Keeb kwm ntawm Iberian hma
The Iberian hma, Canis lupus signatus yog ib subspecies ntawm hom hma los yog Canis lupus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txog 35 subspecies ntawm hma cov uas yog cov liab, xim av los yog dawb hma. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm tus hma Iberian tau tawg mus thoob plaws yuav luag tag nrho Northern Hemisphere ntawm lub ntiaj teb, niaj hnub no thiab feem ntau yog vim kev puas tsuaj ntawm chaw nyob los yog yos hav zoov ua phem rau lawv. tau raug kev tsim txom, cov neeg hma tau raug txiav tawm xyoo dhau los xyoo dhau los hauv ntau pua xyoo dhau los, txawm hais tias nws tau pom tias qee qhov chaw ntawm cov pejxeem zoo li rov zoo.
Hnub Iberian hma yog cataloged li Near Threatened Species (NT) raws li Atlas ntawm Terrestrial Mammals ntawm Spain thiab raws li ib tug yooj yim Hom (VU) los ntawm Spanish Red Phau Ntawv ntawm Vertebrates. Txawm hais tias yav dhau los nws tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov ceg av qab teb, yog li tsim ib feem ntawm fauna ntawm Iberian Peninsula, nws cov pejxeem tam sim no pom nyob rau hauv , qhov cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws los ntawm kev poob qis, nrog rau cov cheeb tsam ntawm sab qaum teb Andalusia xws li Sierra Morena, cov pejxeem no tsawg dua thiab raug hem ntau dua.
Peb kuj yuav tsum paub tias hma yog cov txheeb ze ze ntawm lwm hom neeg paub zoo, xws li coyotes lossis jackals, nrog rau lwm hom tsiaj uas muaj kev sib raug zoo xws li hma liab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tus dev tsis tau nqis los ntawm tus hma, raws li ntau tus neeg ntseeg, vim kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no qhia tau tias lawv yog cov tsiaj sib txawv uas tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Iberian hma
Iberian hma yog medium-sized nrog qhov hnyav uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm 30 thiab 50 kilograms, muaj pov thawj ntawm cov qauv uas tau mus txog 75 kilos, thiab qhov siab ntawm lub withers ntawm 60-70 centimeters. Lawv muaj lub cev elongated, nruab nrab ntawm 100 thiab 120 centimeters nyob rau hauv tag nrho ntev. Lawv lub neej expectancy nyob rau hauv qus feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 16 xyoo
Nws cov kabmob yog kis las thiab muaj zog, qhia ntev thiab tiv taus ob txhais ceg. Nws lub taub hau loj thiab muaj qhov nqaim nqaim, xaus rau hauv daim duab peb sab thiab taw pob ntseg. Lawv saib zoo kawg nkaus yog hnub qub los ntawm amber-coloured slanted ob lub qhov muag Lub puab tsaig muaj zog, nrog cov ntiv taw ntse, cov tsiaj loj loj, uas tso cai rau lawv mus yos hav zoov thiab noj ntau yam raug.
Hma no subspecies me dua lawv cov congeners uas nyob hauv qhov txias dua vim qhov txias dua nws nyob rau hauv hma qhov chaw, qhov loj dua nws yuav muaj sia nyob huab cua tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv lem, cov plaub ntawm Iberian hma yuav tsis tuab thiab ntev tshaj li ntawm Arctic los yog Siberian hma. Cov plaub ntawm Iberian hma yog cov xim heterogeneous, feem ntau xim av grey nrog ocher tones, kom sib xyaw nrog nws ib puag ncig, nthuav tawm cov kab txaij dub ntawm ob txhais ceg, cov uas yog lub cim ntawm no hma subspecies.
Hmab yog tsiaj, nrog rau kev nkag siab zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv hnov tsw. Lawv muaj peev xwm taug kev mus deb heev, ncav cuag qhov ceev ntawm mus txog 50 km/h Lawv dhia mus txog 5 m ntev thiab ua luam dej ntau kilometers hauv dej qhib.
Iberian hma kev lis kev cai
Hma yog ib tug , yog, nws siv tag nrho nws lub neej nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm ib pob. Nws yuav nrog pab pawg no uas nws mus yos hav zoov thiab ua txhua yam tseem ceeb xws li kev yug me nyuam los yog kev tiv thaiv ntawm nws tus kheej, yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau sociable and protective species Piv txwv li, tus hma loj dua, qhov muag daj thiab kho siab yuav dhau los.
Nkauj no yog ib tug Qab no yog ua los ntawm ib tug pab no yog ib khub niam txiv yug me nyuam lawv tus kheej. Yeej muaj ib qho piv txwv hu ua "alpha", ib tug txiv neej, leej twg yuav yog tus thawj thiab yog li ntawd tus thawj coj ntawm lub pob, vim muaj ib tug cim hierarchy uas tsim tsa. lub zog thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm txhua daim ntawv nws
Lawv yog cov tsiaj nyob ib puag ncig, kos cov chaw uas lawv nyob nrog khawb lossis tso zis, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, koj puas tau xav tias yog vim li cas hma quaj? These canids use vocalization to avoid intrusions by other wolves into their territory, as well as to scare away other predators that may compete with them for the prey they are stalking.
Iberian hma hav zoov
Hma qhov chaw nyob tsuas yog xav tau ib qho xwm txheej: kom deb ntawm nroog. Tsuas yog cov xwm txheej no, hma tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw, xws li hav zoov, roob, lossis ntug dej. Tsuav muaj dej thiab zaub mov, lawv yuav nrhiav chaw nyob uas tsim nyog thiab, tshwj tsis yog tib neeg mus txog ntawd, lawv yuav tswj kom muaj sia nyob ntawm lawv tus kheej. Lub adaptation muaj peev xwm ntawm cov canids yog li ntawd zoo kawg li, raug suav hais tias yog ib tug generalist hom uas tsuas yog cuam tshuam los ntawm tus txiv neej, uas nws khiav.
Txawm li cas los xij, coob leej tseem ntseeg tias hma yog qhov txaus ntshai lossis ua phem, txawm li cas los xij, hma feem ntau tsis tawm tsam tib neeg, qhov tseeb, feem ntau kev tawm tsam ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg lossis tib neeg raug coj los ntawm cov dev feral.
Zaub Mov Iberian hma
hma yog ib yam tsiaj uas paub zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb no. Yog li, yog tias peb saib kev noj zaub mov ntawm hma, peb tuaj yeem pom tias nws cov tsiaj nyeg ntau ntawm luav mus rau txawv ungulates. Lawv kuj yog: Zoo heev SCAVEARE, noj kom zoo rau ntawm lwm tus neeg saib xyuas lossis vim tias lawv tau tuag los ntawm kev raug xwm txheej lossis lwm yam ua rau. Nws tau sau tseg tias hma kuj tuaj yeem noj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo rau qee lub sijhawm, nrog rau cov khoom noj uas lawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau, raws li lawv yog cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo heev
Txawm lawv tsis muaj npe, hma tsis txhob tua tsiaj nquag. Tsis yog nws ib txwm ua rau lawv nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw xws li qaib coops lossis luav hutches, tshwj tsis yog thaum muaj qhov tsim nyog heev uas ua tsis taus pa hauv lawv qhov chaw nyob yog qhov tsis tshua muaj, ua rau muaj kev tshaib kev nqhis kom muaj kev pheej hmoo rau tib neeg nyob hauv nuclei, uas lawv ib txwm nyiam. khiav tawm.
Iberian hma reproduction
Tau kawg peb yuav tham txog kev yug hma. Peb yuav tsum paub tias lub caij yug me nyuam rau Iberian hma pib thaum lub Ib Hlis thiab xaus rau thaum pib lub Plaub Hlis, thaum tus khub yug me nyuam tuaj yeem cais tawm ntawm pob. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej tau sau tseg uas lawv nyob nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas uas tseem tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog me nyuam yaus, pab lawv hauv kev noj zaub mov thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov tiam tshiab.
Gestation kav txog 60-65 hnub, yug me nyuam litter muaj Lawv hnyav li ntawm 500 grams thaum yug los, lawv ob lub qhov muag tsis qhib txog 12-15 hnub thiab lawv tau nthuav tawm tias kev ua phem ntawm leej niam rau leej twg uas tsis kam mus ze yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj qhov muaj sia nyob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas no tiv thaiv.
Wolverines tau nqus los ntawm lawv niam kom txog thaum lawv muaj ib nrab hnub, lossis txog ib nrab hnub nyoog
ZAUM noj los ntawm leej niam thiab lwm cov tswv cuab, nrogzaub mov lawv regurgitate rau lawv tus kheej. Thaum lawv muaj hnub nyoog plaub hlis lawv hu ua menyuam yaus thiab yuav nyob nrog lawv tsev neeg mus txog thaum lawv ncav cuag kev sib deev thiab tawm mus rau form lawv tus kheej pob, uas tshwm sim rau hnub nyoog 2 xyoos ntawm poj niam thiab 3 tus txiv neej.
