Miv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob autoimmune uas lawv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua kom yuam kev rau lawv. Pemphigus yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob thawj zaug uas muaj vesicles los yog hlwv nyob rau ntau qhov chaw, nyob ntawm seb hom pemphigus. Thaum lawv nquag nyob rau hauv qhov ncauj kab noj hniav los yog nyob rau hauv lub mucocutaneous folds nyob rau hauv pemphigus vulgaris, nyob rau hauv pemphigus foliaceus lawv feem ntau cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij nkaus xwb; erythematosus tsuas yog txwv rau lub ntsej muag ntawm feline thiab paraneoplastic tsis tshua muaj thiab tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog. Ntawm cov no, feem ntau ntawm cov miv me yog pemphigus foliaceus.
kev kho mob Pemphigus yuav tsum ua raws li immunosuppressive therapy kom txwv tsis pub lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob lub luag haujlwm rau cov txheej txheem. Cia nyeem tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb lub xaib uas peb piav qhia tias yog dab tsi pemphigus hauv miv, nws cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob
feline pemphigus yog dab tsi?
Feline pemphigus is a autoimmune disease nyob rau hauv cov miv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis paub txog ib feem ntawm nws lub cev raws li nws tus kheej thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. tawm tsam nws. Nws muaj cov tawv nqaij lossis cov kab mob mucocutaneous vim yog hom II hypersensitivity cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas pib nrog kev koom tes ntawm immunoglobulins G thiab M, uas khi rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub hlwb thiab ua kom muaj zog ntxiv, inducing phagocytosis. Qhov no ua rau tsim tawm autoantibodies tawm tsam qee yam ntawm cov epidermis.
Nov yog kab mob dermatological acantholysis los yog detachment ntawm txhua lub cell ntawm lub epidermis uas tsim vesicles nyob rau hauv nws. Cov vesicles no tuaj yeem nkag mus nrog eosinophils lossis neutrophils thiab hloov mus ua pustules.
Pemphigus muaj dab tsi hauv miv?
Nyob rau hauv miv, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev faib tawm ntawm qhov txhab thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv pathological, lawv tuaj yeem faib ua plaub hom:
- Pemphigus vulgaris: muaj cov vesicles los yog hlwv nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, daim tawv nqaij thiab mucocutaneous junctions, xws li lub axilla thiab lub Thaj tsam inguinal. Cov kab mob no, vim lawv qhov fragility, hloov mus rau hauv collarettes, erosions, ulcers thiab scabs.
- Pemphigus foliaceus: Autoantibodies yog tsim tawm tsam cov proteins ntawm stratum spinosum ntawm epidermis. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev tsim cov vesicles, hlwv los yog, tsawg dua, cov pustules subcorneal uas cuam tshuam rau cov follicles thiab cov tawv nqaij interfollicular. Cov kab mob thib ob yog erythema, exudation, crusting, alopecia, thiab collaretes. Cov no feem ntau faib symmetrically ntawm lub ntsej muag, snout, pob ntseg mus rau sab thiab plab. Cov kab mob tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tsis cuam tshuam rau lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav los yog mucocutaneous junctions.
- Pemphigus erythematosus: Nws suav hais tias yog ib daim ntawv nruab nrab ntawm lupus erythematosus thiab pemphigus lossis raws li daim ntawv benign ntawm pemphigus foliaceus. Cov hlwv thiab hlwv thiab pustular lesions tsim ntawm pob ntseg thiab taub hau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog tias hnub ci hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau cov kab mob hnyav dua.
- Paraneoplastic pemphigus: Cov hlwv thiab cov hlwv tshwm sim ntawm ntau yam kabmob uas tsis yog daim tawv nqaij. Nws yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam nrog mob qog noj ntshav, feem ntau ntawm lymphoproliferative keeb kwm.
Symptoms of pemphigus in miv
Civ nrog pemphigus tam sim no, ntxiv rau cov kab mob tau piav qhia saum toj no nyob ntawm hom lawv tsim, cov cim tsis tshwj xeeb xws li:
- Ua npaws.
- Anorexy.
- Apathy.
- pab.
- Lymphadenopathy.
Nyob hauv miv, pemphigus foliaceus yog kab mob autoimmune tshaj plaws Ntau tshaj li subcorneal pustules, uas muaj ntau dua hauv dev, hauv miv. Nrog pemphigus foliaceus pom ntau zaus yellowish crusts Ib tug yam ntxwv lesion ntawm no pemphigus hauv miv yog paronychia (mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ncig ntawm tus ntsia thawv) thiab pruritus (khaus).
Feline pemphigus diagnosis
Vim cov kab mob pruritus tsim los ntawm pemphigus foliaceus nyob rau hauv miv, ib tug differential diagnosis yuav tsum tau ua ntawm lwm yam kab mob uas ua rau khaus nyob rau hauv hom no. xws li kev ua xua thiab kab mob parasitic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kev xeem hauv qab no yuav raug ua:
- : nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no raug mob nyob rau hauv ib tug miv, koj yuav tsum pib nrog ib tug kuaj ntshav, uas yuav ua tau ib txwm. los yog txawv txav, muaj ntau ntau ntawm neutrophils thiab eosinophils. Ntshav biochemistry yog qhov qub yog tias tsis muaj kab mob sib thooj.
- Cytology: Cytology ntawm qhov txhab tuaj yeem pab kuaj mob yog tias pom neutrophils thiab acanthocytes pom. Nws kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig los ntsuas seb puas muaj kab mob. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus miv yuav tau kho nrog tshuaj tua kab mob ua ntej noj thiab xa mus rau lub biopsy mus kuaj.
- Histopathological kuaj: Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev kuaj pom tseeb yog ua tiav los ntawm kev kuaj mob histopathological. Ua li no, biopsies ntawm cov kab mob thawj zaug tsis ntev los no yuav tsum tau sau, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus miv tsis tau txais kev kho mob immunomodulatory lossis immunosuppressive nyob rau hnub dhau los, vim qhov no yuav hloov cov txiaj ntsig. Biopsy yuav pom cov pustules subcorneal nrog neutrophils thiab tus lej hloov pauv ntawm acanthocytes thiab eosinophils. Yog tias tsis pom cov no, qhov kev kuaj pom muaj peev xwm ua tau yog tias pom cov serocellular crusts nrog acanthocytes thiab neutrophils pom.
Raws li kev xav paub, qhov ncauj qhov txhab raug kuaj pom hauv 90% ntawm pemphigus vulgaris kuaj mob. Paronychia yuav pom hauv 30% ntawm pemphigus foliaceus thiab khaus hauv 80%.
Thiab pemphigus hauv miv
Kev kho mob yuav tsum muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob xws li prednisolone ntawm koob tshuaj 2-8 mg/kg txhua 24 teev ntawm qhov ncauj. Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg thaum kev tso tawm cov cim qhia tshuaj pib, mus rau qhov qis tshaj plaws uas tswj cov kab mob daws teeb meem.
Yog tias cov tsos mob tsis txo qis ib hlis tom qab pib kho cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, nws raug nquahu kom hloov mus rau dexamethadone lossis methylprednisolone, txo kom txog thaum qhov tsawg kawg nkaus koob tshuaj.
Yog tias tsis muaj lus teb nrog cov kev kho mob lossis cov teebmeem thib ob tshwm sim xws li polyphagia, polyuria-polydipsia, apathy, raws plab, ntshav qab zib lossis kab mob urinary, ntxiv chlorambucil(0.1-0.2 mg/kg txhua 24-48 teev). Qee zaum, corticosteroids tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm thiab txuas ntxiv nrog chlorambucil ob zaug hauv ib lub lis piam lossis txhua hnub. Cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav siv sijhawm ntau lub lis piam kom tshwm sim. Nws yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account tias chlorambucil yog tshuaj cytotoxic, yog li kev kuaj ntshav yuav tsum tau ua txhua 2-4 lub lis piam rau thawj 3 lub hlis, txog rau txhua 6 lub hlis tom qab ntawd.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tau txiav txim siab tias siv cyclosporine ntawm koob 4.4 txog 7.4 mg / kg txhua 24 teev. tuaj yeem ua tau zoo rau feline pemphigus, txawm tias muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv corticosteroids thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam li chlorambucil.
Ntxiv rau, cov tshuaj rau miv nrog pemphigus kuj tseem muaj immunomodulators xws li mycophenolic acid thiab leflunomide.
Thiab yog koj tsis tuaj yeem muab koj tus miv coj nws cov ntsiav tshuaj, peb xav kom koj saib lwm tsab xov xwm ntawm Cov Lus Qhia rau muab tshuaj rau miv.
