Nws yuav yog ib qho uas thaum peb xav txog lo lus coral daim duab ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm Great Barrier Reef los rau hauv lub siab, vim hais tias tsis muaj cov tsiaj no muaj peev xwm tsim calcareous exoskeletons, yuav tsis muaj reefs, qhov tseem ceeb rau lub neej hauv dej hiav txwv. Muaj ob peb hom corals, suav nrog hom mos coral. Tab sis koj puas paub muaj pes tsawg hom corals muaj? Peb qhia koj txog nws, nrog rau lwm yam xav paub txog corals, hauv kab lus no ntawm peb lub xaib.
Kab corals
Corals belong to the phylum Cnidaria, zoo li jellyfish. Feem ntau corals raug cais nyob rau hauv chav kawm Anthozoa, txawm hais tias muaj qee qhov hauv chav Hydrozoa. Lawv yog cov hydrozoans uas tsim cov pob txha calcareous, hu ua hluav taws kub corals vim tias lawv tom yog qhov txaus ntshai. Lawv yog ib feem ntawm coral reefs
Muaj ntau hom marine corals thiab ncig 6,000 hom Peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tau hom tawv corals, uas yog cov uas muaj calcareous exoskeleton., lwm tus muaj ib tug saj zawg zog horny skeleton thiab lwm tus neeg tsis tsim ib tug skeleton nws tus kheej, tab sis muaj spicules immersed nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg dermal, uas tiv thaiv lawv. Ntau corals nyob hauv symbiosis nrog zooxanthellae (symbiotic photosynthetic algae) uas muab lawv cov zaub mov feem ntau.
Ib txhia ntawm cov tsiaj no nyob hauv cov colony loj thiab lwm tus nyob ib leeg. Lawv muaj tentacles nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv lub qhov ncauj uas tso cai rau lawv mus ntes zaub mov floating nyob rau hauv dej. Zoo li lub plab, lawv muaj kab noj hniav nrog tissue hu ua gastrodermis, uas tuaj yeem septate lossis nrog nematocysts (stinging cells, zoo li jellyfish) thiab pharynx uas sib txuas lus nrog. plab.
Ntau hom corals tsim reefs, lawv yog cov uas tam sim no symbiosis nrog zooxanthellae thiab hu ua hermatypic corals. Non-reef forming corals yog hom ahermatypic. Qhov no yog qhov kev faib tawm uas peb yuav siv los paub txog ntau hom corals. Corals tuaj yeem tsim tawm tsis zoo los ntawm ntau lub tswv yim, tab sis lawv kuj tsim kev sib deev.
Hermatypic corals thiab piv txwv
The hermatypic corals yog hom tawv corals, lawv muaj pob zeb exoskeleton tsim los ntawm calcium carbonate. Hom coral no yog txaus ntshailos ntawm qhov hu ua "coral bleaching". Cov xim ntawm cov corals no los ntawm lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog zooxanthellae.
Cov microalgae, cov corals 'lub hauv paus ntawm lub zog, raug hem los ntawm kev nce dej hiav txwv kub vim climate change, tshaj. tshav ntuj thiab tej yam kab mob. Thaum zooxanthellae tuag, coral bleach thiab tuag, vim li no ntau pua coral reefs tau ploj mus.
Qee yam piv txwv ntawm cov corals nyuaj yog:
Genus Acropora los yog staghorn corals:
- Acropora cervicornis
- Acropora palmata
- Acropora prolifera
Genus Agaricia los yog ca corals:
- Agaricia undata
- Agaricia fragilis
- Agaricia tenuifolia
Brain corals, of various genera:
- Diploria Clivosa
- Colpophyllia natans
- Diploria labyrinthiformis
Hydrozoan corals los yog hluav taws corals:
- Millepora alcicornis
- Stylaster roseus
- Millepora squarrosa
Ahermatypic corals thiab piv txwv
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm ahermatypic corals yog lawv tsis muaj calcareous skeleton, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem tsim kev sib raug zoo nrog zooxanthellae. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsis tsim coral reefs txawm li cas los xij, lawv tuaj yeem ua tau nyob rau hauv.
tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv pab pawg no yog cov gorgonians nws lub cev pob txha yog tsim los ntawm cov protein uas lawv zais lawv tus kheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv nws cov nqaij nqaij yog cov spicules, uas ua raws li kev txhawb nqa thiab kev tiv thaiv.
Qee hom gorgonians yog:
- Ellisella elongata
- Iridigorgia sp.
- Acanella sp.
Hauv Hiav Txwv Mediterranean thiab Dej Hiav Txwv Atlantic peb tuaj yeem pom lwm yam hom mos coral, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no ntawm subclass Octocorallia, lub tes tuag (Alcyonium palmatum). Ib tug me me coral uas zaum ntawm pob zeb. Lwm cov corals mos, xws li cov Capnella genus, muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm arboreal, branching los ntawm lub ntsiab ko taw.
