Whales yog cov tsiaj uas muaj nyob rau hauv pawg cetacean, nrog rau cov ntses taub ntswg ntev, porpoises, killer whales, phev whales thiab beaked whales. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li lwm tus, whales yog baleen whales. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tsis muaj hniav, yog ib tug yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau lawv cov zaub mov.
Raws li peb yuav pom, whale txoj kev noj zaub mov yog nyob ntawm cov tsiaj me, yog li nws noj ntau heev. Koj puas xav paub tias cov tsiaj enigmatic no yog leej twg? Mus nyeem ntawv !,vim nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb qhia rau koj whales eat, the giants of the oceans.
Type of whales
Hauv Biology, lo lus whale yog siv tshwj xeeb rau tsev neeg Balenidae. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau lwm yam cetaceans tau hu ua whales:
- Balenids: lawv yog mysticetes (baleen whales) thiab pub los ntawm kev pom. Cov pab pawg no suav nrog cov whales txoj cai thiab bowhead whales.
- Balenopterids los yog rorquals: lawv kuj yog baleen whales. Cov no suav nrog cov tsiaj loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, lub whale xiav, thiab lub npe humpback whale.
- Scrictids los yog grey whales: lawv yog odontocetes (toothed whales), zoo li ntses taub ntswg ntev thiab lwm yam cetaceans.
Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham tshwj xeeb txog "baleen whales", suav nrog fin whales. Yog tias koj xav kom nkag siab meej txog dab tsi whales, peb xav kom nyeem cov kab lus no ntawm Hom whales.
Whale Feeding
Whale feeding is based on a filtration process Ua li no, lawv muaj cov qauv hu ua baleen uas dai ntawm lub puab tsaig sab sauv (xws li peb cov hniav). Nws yog cov fibers uas peb tuaj yeem muab piv rau cov txhuam hniav.
Thaum lawv nrhiav tau zaub mov, cov tsiaj no qhib lawv lub puab tsaig loj thiab cov zaub mov thiab dej nkag rau hauv lawv lub qhov ncauj. Lawv ces thawb lawv tus nplaig tawm tsam lub palate, ntawm sab nraub qaum mus rau lub qhov ncauj, thaum ua kom lawv lub qhov ncauj yuav luag kaw. Yog li, ua tsaug rau lub xub ntiag ntawm hwj txwv, lawv tau txais cov dej ntws tawm sab nraud, tawm hauv cov zaub mov khaws cia hauv qhov ncauj. Thaum kawg, lawv nqos cov zaub mov thiab lwm yam khoom seem uas muaj nyob hauv dej hiav txwv, xws li cov yas.
whales noj dab tsi?
Tam sim no peb paub ntau ntxiv txog cov tsiaj no noj li cas, tej zaum koj yuav xav tsis thoob tias whales noj dab tsi. Txawm hais tias lawv cov zaub mov nyob ntawm qhov chaw lawv nquag, peb tuaj yeem tham txog cov khoom noj uas muaj ntau rau lawv txhua tus: plankton Tab sis qhov no yog dab tsi? Cia peb saib!
Plankton yog dab tsi?
Plankton yog ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob me me uas nyob hauv dej. Ntawm lawv yog:
- Bacteria.
- Protists.
- zaub (phytoplankton).
- Tsiaj (zooplankton).
Whale feeding is based on the last component, uas yog, lawv yog carnivorous animal.
The zooplankton
Zooplankton suav nrog tsiaj me heev uas pub rau lwm cov plankton. Cov no yog cov neeg laus crustaceans, xws li krill lossis copepods, thiab cov tsiaj larvae uas, thaum lawv ua tiav lawv txoj kev loj hlob, nyob ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv.
Krill - cov zaub mov yooj yim rau whales
Krill yog me me, feem ntau pob tshab, crustaceans uas nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb dej hiav txwv. Cov tsiaj no tsim pab pawg ntawm ntau txhiab tus neeguas tuaj yeem ntev tshaj li mais. Vim li no, lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm zaub mov rau whales thiab ntau lwm cov tsiaj nyeg marine.
Planktonic Copepods
Lwm cov crustaceans uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom noj hauv dej yog cov planktonic copepods. Cov crustaceans tuaj yeem ntsuas tsawg dua ib millimeter thiab tseem yog cov khoom noj tseem ceeb rau whales thiab ntau lwm yam tsiaj dej hiav txwv.
Lwm yam tsiaj me
Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv zooplankton peb tuaj yeem pom cov theem me me ntawm qee ntses thiab larvae ntawm cov tsiaj xws li daim txhuam cev, corals, echinoderms, molluscs. … Tag nrho cov tsiaj no dhau los ua "kev ywj pheej" ntawm plankton thaum lawv mus txog rau neeg laus.
Lwm cov zaub mov ntawm qee cov whales
Qee whales, xws li fin whales, noj ntau schooling fish. Qhov no tso cai rau cov neeg loj hauv hiav txwv noj ntau pua ntses hauv ib qho.
ntses dab tsi whales noj?
Qee cov ntses uas yog ib feem ntawm whale noj yog:
- Chaplain (Mallotus villosus).
- Common cod (Gadus morhua).
- Black flounder (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides).
- Herrings (Clupea spp.).
Thaum kawg, squid kuj yog ib feem ntawm cov khoom noj ntawm qee cov whales. Piv txwv li, lub ntiaj teb cov tsiaj loj tshaj plaws, lub xiav whale, feem ntau nqis los rau hauv dej hiav txwv hauv pem teb nrhiav shoals of squid.
Whale Watching
Whales ua zoo tsiv teb tsaws chaw nrhiav zaub mov. Thaum lub caij ntuj sov lawv tsiv mus rau cov dej txias, qhov chaw muaj zaub mov ntau. Thaum qhov txias tuaj txog, cov zaub mov txo qis. Yog li ntawd, lawv rov qab los rau hauv dej sov, qhov chaw uas lawv ua khub thiab yug me nyuam.
Kev paub no pab peb kom paub lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws thiab qhov chaw rau whale saib. Cia peb saib qee qhov piv txwv:
- Peninsula Valdés (Argentina): Nov yog qhov chaw zoo tshaj plaws los saib sab qab teb sab xis whale (Eubalaena australis).
- Whale Bay (Costa Rica): Humpback whales nyiam tuaj rau hauv dej no los ua phooj ywg. Koj tseem tuaj yeem pom ntses taub ntswg ntev, rays, sharks…
- Baja California (Mexico): nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau grey whale saib, txawm hais tias nws kuj yog ib txwm pom cov xiav whale.
- Koj tuaj yeem pom txhua yam whales thiab beaked whales, phev whales thiab killer whales.
- Glacier Bay (Canada): It is a well-known place for humpback or humpback whale saib.
- Monterey Bay, California (United States): Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg, cov xiav whale tuaj yeem pom hauv lub bay no. Koj tuaj yeem pom humpback, txoj cai, minke whales…
Tseem muaj ntau qhov chaw uas koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam lub koob meej ntawm cov cetaceans. Txawm li cas los xij, peb txhawb kom koj ua raws li kev paub, ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm lawv tus cwj pwm thiab lawv qhov chaw nyob.
