. Cov kab mob no cuam tshuam rau ntau cov tsiaj ntshav sov, suav nrog tib neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, tus tswv tsev tseeb yog ib txwm felines. Nws feem ntau tsis ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim, tab sis thaum lawv tshwm sim lawv yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem necrosis tsim los ntawm cov kab mob hauv ntau cov ntaub so ntswg. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau yam cim, xws li digestive, ua pa, ocular, cardiac, cutaneous, muscular thiab nervous. Hauv cov miv cev xeeb tub, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam mos tuag lossis yug ntxov ntxov, thiab cov menyuam mos yug tshiab uas muaj toxoplasmosis tuaj yeem tuag sai tom qab yug menyuam.
Cia nyeem tsab xov xwm no rau ntawm peb lub xaib kom paub ntau ntxiv txog feline toxoplasmosis, nws cov tsos mob, kuaj mob thiab kev kho mob Ntxiv rau, ntu kawg Hais txog cov teeb meem tsis tu ncua ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas muaj miv hauv tsev, qhia txog cov kev ntsuas coj los tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo kis kab mob.
Dab tsi yog toxoplasmosis hauv miv?
Toxoplasmosis is a kab mob parasitic tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug protozoan hu ua Toxoplasma gondii, ib tug obligate intracellular parasite uas cuam tshuam rau ntau yam tsiaj txhu, suav nrog lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, tus tswv tsev tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob parasite yog feline, uas tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob los ntawm kev tso cov oocysts rau hauv ib puag ncig.
Oocysts yog lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mobntawm tus kab mob parasite thiab yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib deev sib faib ntawm cov kab mob uas tshwm sim hauv tus kab mob feline. Lawv zoo li ib hom qe uas tus kab mob tshem tawm mus rau ib puag ncig kom kis tau rau lwm tus tsiaj. Nyob rau hauv lawv muaj sporozoites, uas yog crescent-puab, ib leeg-celled, mobile kab mob.
Miv tso ntau lab tus oocysts hauv lawv cov quav mus txog 3 lub lis piam tom qab kis tus kab mob cab, uas yuav tsum tau 1 mus rau 5 hnub kom sporulate thiab kis mus rau lwm yam tsiaj (sporulated oocysts).
Ntxiv rau oocysts, peb tuaj yeem pom:
- Pseudocysts muaj tachyzoites (ua kom cov zoites nrawm heev) nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij, paj hlwb, retina, thiab lwm yam.
- Cysts muaj bradyzoites (maj mam muab zoites) nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb los yog lwm yam kabmob.
Toxoplasmosis kab mob hauv miv
Cov kis tau tus mobntawm feline toxoplasmosis yog raws li nram no:
- Kev noj cov nqaij nyoos los yog zaub mov uas kis kab mob oocysts.
- Kev noj cov zaub mov los yog dej paug oocysts.
- Transplacental thaum gestation.
- Lactation.
- ntshav ntshav.
Toxoplasma gondii life cycle
Lub voj voog ntawm cov kab mob protozoan no tuaj yeem ncaj qha thaum nws nqa tawm ntawm miv thiab lub voj voog enteroepithelial thiab extraintestinal; thiab tsis ncaj thaum nruab nrab ntawm miv lwm tus tsiaj cuam tshuam los ua tus tswv tsev nruab nrab, tsuas yog tsim lub voj voog sab hauv lub cev xwb.
- Enteroepithelial voj voog ntawm Toxoplasma gondii: tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv cov miv tom qab noj cov hlwv, los ntawm kev noj cov tsiaj nyeg, viscera lossis nqaij nyoos. Tom qab noj tshuaj, cov enzymes digestive zom nws thiab cov bradyzoites tawm thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov hnyuv hlwb uas lawv nqa tawm kev sib deev sib faib thiab tsim cov uas tsis yog-sporulated oocysts uas lawv yuav tshem tawm hauv cov quav. Lub voj voog no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog tias lawv noj cov kab mob pseudocysts lossis oocysts, tab sis nws tsis nrawm lossis zoo li.
- Toxoplasma gondii extraintestinal cycle: tshwm sim hauv miv thiab tsiaj txhu uas kis kab mob tom qab noj sporulated oocysts hauv dej los yog cov zaub mov tsis huv, thiab. raws li pseudocysts los yog cysts. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus cab lub hom phiaj lub lamina propria ntawm cov hnyuv hlwb qhov chaw asexual reproduction tshwm sim, muab nce mus rau tachyzoites uas yog muab faib mus rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm tus tsiaj lub cev nrog lawv sai multiplication, ua cell tuag (necrosis)..
Symptoms of toxoplasmosis in miv
Txawm tias toxoplasmosis hauv miv feem ntau yog asymptomatic, uas yog, nws tsis tsim cov tsos mob hauv miv, qee zaum nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog. nyob rau hauv miv cuam tshuam thawj zaug los yog tom qab reactivations ntawm parasite latency.
Zoo nyob qhov twg tus kab mob cab mus, cov tsos mob yuav txawv. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem faib cov symptomatology nyob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm, kom peb tuaj yeem pom cov kab mob digestive, ocular, ua pa, plawv, paj hlwb, daim tawv nqaij thiab cov leeg nqaij. Tom ntej no, peb yuav pab koj nrhiav kom paub seb tus miv puas muaj toxoplasmosis los ntawm nws cov tsos mob:
Digestive signs
Hauv cov xwm txheej no, toxoplasma tsom rau cov plab hnyuv siab raum xws li siab, plab, pancreas thiab hnyuv, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov tsos mob xws li:
- Anorexy.
- Zoo.
- Vim.
- Hepatic necrosis and enlarged daim siab.
- Cholangiohepatitis.
- mob plab.
- Peritoneal thiab plab effusion.
- Pancreatic thiab plab hnyuv necrosis.
Ocular signs
Lub qhov muag kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm toxoplasmosis hauv miv, qhov twg nws tawm tsam retina, uvea thiab optic paj, ua rau cov tsos mob dab tsi:
- Vasculitis.
- Optic paj hlwb neuritis.
- Chorioretinitis.
- Iridocyclitis.
- Glaucoma.
- Cov me nyuam mos cov lus teb rau reflexes.
Thaum tsuas yog ocular toxoplasmosis tshwm sim, tsis muaj lwm yam cim qhia ntawm kev koom tes ntawm lwm yam kabmob, nws yuav qhia tau hais tias muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov cab.
pab paib paib
Thaum tus kab mob parasite tsom rau ntsws, nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws nrog:
- Ua npaws.
- Ua pa nyuaj.
- Pleural effusion.
- Ua pa ntau ntxiv (tachypnea).
Thaum nws multiplies hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub plawv, nws ua rau myocardial insufficiency uas nws thiaj li ua rau dilated cardiomyopathy thiabcov tsos mob ntawm lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm , xws li tachycardia, tachypnea, thiab pleural effusion nrog ua pa tsis ua hauj lwm, kev nyuaj siab, thiab vau.
Nervous signs
Ntau tshaj 95% ntawm cov miv uas muaj tus kab mob toxoplasmosis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb xws li:
- Nkauj kho siab.
- Ataxia.
- Paresis.
- Stupor.
- Cerebellar lossis vestibular signs.
- ib nrab lossis tag nrho dig muag.
Ib yam li cov kab mob ocular toxoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis hauv miv nrog cov tsos mob ntawm lub paj hlwb tsis muaj lwm yam kev kuaj mob feem ntau tshwm sim as reactivation of the disease Qhov no yog vim lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb yog cov ntaub so ntswg uas tus kab mob latent nyob rau hauv ntau dua.
Skin signs
Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ua rau cov tawv nqaij khov kho ntawm cov extremities vim nodular pyogranulomatous dermatitis. Kuj tshwm sim vasculitis and necrotizing dermatitis.
Muscular signs
Thaum tus kab mob parasite tsom mus rau miv lub cev, nws ua rau cov tsos mob hauv qab no:
- Nyob zoo.
- Muscle atrophy.
- mob leeg.
- Neck ventroflexion vim polymyositis.
- polymyositis thiab polyradiculoneuritis ua rau paraparesis lossis spastic paraplegia.
Toxoplasmosis hauv miv cev xeeb tub thiab kittens
Thaum tus miv cev xeeb tub kis tus kab mob Toxoplasma gondii, nws tsis tau kis tus kab mob no yav dhau los thiab yog li tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua rau yug ntxov ntxov los yog tuag rau cov me nyuam yug tshiab.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov me nyuam yug tshiab uas tau kis tus kab mob transplacentally los yog thaum lactation muaj kev pheej hmoo ntau dua ntawm kev tsim cov toxoplasmosis loj, thiab tuaj yeem tseem yug los lossis tuag hauv thawj hnub ntawm life Lwm zaus, thaum yug los lawv zoo li noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis tom qab ntawd lawv muaj kev nyuaj siab, hypothermia, lethargy, nquag meowing, encephalitis thiab qee zaum, tuag.
Cov uas muaj sia nyob tseem nyob twj ywm tsis muaj tus kab mob, thiab tus kab mob yuav rov ua haujlwm dua thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm qee yam kev ntxhov siab thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob, feem ntau ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis mob ocular toxoplasmosis.
Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in miv
Kev kuaj mob feline toxoplasmosis yog qhov nyuaj, xav tau ntau qhov kev sim kom tiav. Cov kev sim no suav nrog kev kuaj ntshav, kuaj pom, kuaj ntshav thiab kuaj molecular.
- Blood test: nyob rau hauv cov ntshav biochemistry, thaum lub sij hawm mob ntawm tus kab mob, nce alkaline phosphatase, ALT thiab bilirubin hauv miv nrog daim siab Kev koom tes, nce creatine kinase (CK) nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij necrosis, thiab nce fPLI thaum mob pancreatitis vim pancreatic necrosis.
- Chest x-ray: Thaum pom cov tsos mob ntawm pulmonary, muaj ib tug diffuse alveolar thiab interstitial qauv yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub ntsws los yog me ntsis pleural effusion..
- X-ray: daim siab o thiab ascites.
- Ultrasound: tso cai rau pom kev zoo dua ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab thiab lawv cov kab mob parenchymal.
- Computerized tomography los yog magnetic resonance imaging
- : xws li ELISA rau kev kuaj cov tshuaj immunoglobulins (antibodies) G thiab M (IgG thiab IgM). Thaum muaj kev nce ntxiv hauv ob qho tib si pom hauv miv nrog cov tsos mob, nws qhia tau tias muaj kev kis kab mob los yog rov ua haujlwm dua. Yog tias tsuas yog IgG nce ntxiv hauv miv noj qab haus huv, nws muaj latent toxoplasmosis.
- PCR rau Toxoplasma gondii : Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj mob. Cov qauv no tuaj yeem yog cov ntshav los yog ocular aqueous lom zem, kua cerebrospinal lossis hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum kuaj pom cov khoom siv caj ces, nws tsis sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob nquag los ntawm ib qho latent, tsuas yog tias nws zoo rau toxoplasma.
- Biopsy: Qhov no yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas uas lees paub qhov kev kuaj mob, txawm tias nws yog qhov cuam tshuam tshaj plaws. Qhia txog qhov muaj tus kab mob cab hauv lub hlwb.
Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm toxoplasmosis hauv miv? - Kev kho mob
Kev kho mob toxoplasmosis hauv miv yog ua raws li cov tsos mob thiab kev kho tshuaj nrog tshuaj tua kab mob uas yuav txwv tsis pub ntau tus kab mob toxoplasma, tab sis tsis yog nws tuag..
Hnub no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas xaiv tau yog clindamycin ntawm ib koob ntawm 12.5 mg/kg txhua 12 teev rau ib hlis, siv intramuscularly lossis qhov ncauj. Qhov kev kho mob no daws cov tsos mob ntawm tus miv 24-48 teev tom qab pib, tab sis nws tsis zoo thaum cov kab mob hauv lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb nyob ruaj khov. Ib yam li ntawd, nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev dua los daws cov leeg nqaij atrophy thiab polymyositis nyob rau hauv cov mob toxoplasmosis.
Nyob rau hauv miv uas muaj kab mob toxoplasmosis, trimethoprim-sulfonamide los yog doxycycline yog siv rau 1 lub hlis, vim nws muaj peev xwm hla cov ntshav-hlwb barrier..
Uveitis nyob rau hauv cov mob pulmonary toxoplasmosis yog kho nrog tshuaj pleev ib ce, systemic corticosteroids los yog non-steroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj rau yam tsawg kawg yog 1 lub hlis. thiab cycloplegic tshuaj xws li atropine lossis tropicamide. Cov yav tas yuav tsum tsis txhob siv rau hauv cov mob glaucoma vim muaj zog intraocular siab uas yuav ua rau cov txheej txheem hnyav dua thiab siv dorzolamide lossis brinzolamide 3 zaug hauv ib hnub.
Toxoplasmosis hauv miv thiab cev xeeb tub
Kev txhawj xeeb thiab tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog feline toxoplasmosis thiab cev xeeb tub hauv cov poj niam yog ib qho teeb meem tshwm sim niaj hnub no. Kev muaj miv nyob hauv tsev thiab cev xeeb tub yog tsis sib haum, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog los tsim ib co muaj nyob, tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
Pab hauv qab no, peb muab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv kom lawv tsis txhob dag koj thiab ntau tsawg ua rau koj tsis txhob nrog koj tus khub feline nyob rau hauv no heev tshwj xeeb txheej txheem. Cov kev tiv thaiv uas cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum muaj thaum pub mis thiab tuav lub thawv miv yog:
- Tsis txhob noj nqaij nyoos thiab hnyuv ntxwm vim lawv yuav kis tau Toxoplasma gondii oocysts.
- Tsis txhob noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tsis huv
- Ntev thiab tuav lub litter lub thawv nrog hnab looj tes thiab ntxuav koj txhais tes tom qab, los yog, yog tias ua tau, muaj lwm tus neeg hauv tsev neeg ua.. Feline oocysts yog lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob feline oocysts raws li lawv tso tawm thiab sporulated nyob rau hauv cov quav ntawm 24 teev thiab 5 hnub tom qab.
Raws li peb tau pom, kev sib kis tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev saib xyuas lossis kev sib cuag nrog cov miv hauv tsev, tab sis cov cab cab yuav tsum siv sijhawm li ob peb teev hauv cov substrate xws li zaub mov lossis quav miv kom kis tau thiab kis tus kab mob.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus poj niam muaj Toxoplasma gondii cov tshuaj tiv thaiv vim muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov miv sab nraum zoov txij li thaum yau, yog li lawv yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom tsis txhob rho menyuam tawm, ua tsis tiav ntawm kev loj hlob lossis tsim thiab teeb meem rau tus menyuam yav tom ntej.
Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob toxoplasmosis hauv miv
kab mob Toxoplasmosis hauv peb cov miv tuaj yeem zam tau los ntawm kev noj cov hauv qab no ntsuas:
- Lawv yuav tsum tiv thaiv kev yos hav zoov yog tias lawv yog miv uas tawm mus sab nraud.
- Haus dej los ntawm qhov chaw tsis muaj kev tswj hwm lossis qhov chaw qias neeg yuav tsum zam.
- Nws raug nquahu kom tsis txhob muab cov nqaij nyoos lossis cov nqaij tsis qab. Yog tias koj xav muab cov nqaij, nws yuav tsum tau siav ntawm 60ºC rau 10 feeb lossis khov ntawm -20ºC.
- Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum pub rau lawv cov khoom noj miv ua lag luam. Yog tias koj xav tsim kom muaj kev noj haus BARF, koj yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account cov kev ntsuas saum toj no lossis yuav khoom noj los ntawm cov npe uas tau mob siab rau kev npaj cov khoom noj no.
- Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob noj sausages lossis zaub.
Yog koj xav kom koj tus miv noj qab nyob zoo, tsis txhob nco daim video no kom feline toxoplasmosis at bay:
