Swallows yog, nrog rau tsev martins thiab swifts, insectivorous noog uas ya los ntawm peb lub ntuj thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Cov tsiaj no tsiv teb tsaws chaw Thaum lub caij txias ntawm sab qaum teb hemisphere, cov noog no nyob rau sab qab teb, nyob rau hauv cov chaw xws li Africa, Argentina thiab txawm Australia thiab, thaum tshav kub kub pib., lawv rov qab mus rau lawv qhov chaw zes rau sab qaum teb.
Nyob hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog hom swallows uas muaj, lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, noj, hom tsiaj twg muaj nyob. thiab lwm yam kev xav paub ntau yam uas koj yuav nyiam paub.
Nkauj nqhis dej
Swallows belongs, like planes, to the family Hirundinidae Cov noog no yog tus yam ntxwv muaj lub cev fusiform, uas yog, lub cev elongated. thiab elliptical, zoo li spindle. Lawv tis ntev heev, feem ntau ntev tshaj li lub cev. Tus Tsov tus tw, feem ntau, yog forked, zoo li "V"
Nws beak me me, tab sis thaum koj qhib nws, koj pom tau tias lub qhov ncauj loj los ntawm kev sib piv. Ib yam tseem ceeb rau koj txoj kev noj mov.
Swallows nyob hauv a multitude of different habitats, from deserts to steppes, through riparian forests, crops or grasslands. Lawv tsuas xav tau av nkos me ntsis los tsim lawv lub zes. Qee hom, xws li Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica), nyob yuav luag txhua lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb.
nqos noj dab tsi?
Npua yog cov tsiaj uas muaj kab mob thiab yog li ntawd, lawv cov khoom noj tseem ceeb yog kab, tab sis yuav ua li cas nqos tau noj tiag tiag? Raws li peb tau hais, nqos muaj ib tug beak me me, tab sis lawv lub qhov ncauj qhib yog loj heev. Cov tsiaj no, thaum ya davhlau, qhib lub qhov ncauj thiab muaj ntau cov kab me me los rau hauv.
Cov kab uas nqos noj yog cov hu ua "aeroplankton" tsheej lab ntawm cov arthropods me me uas txav los ntawm huab cua, xws li, piv txwv li, yoov tshaj cum. Swallows yog peb cov phooj ywg hauv kev tawm tsam cov kab mob hematophagous no thaum lub caij ntuj sov yav tav su.
Nkauj Noog Hawj
Vim muaj ntau tshaj 70 hom swallows, peb yuav tsom mus rau Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica), ib cosmopolitan noog heev.. Lawv nyob rau txhua lub teb chaws tshwj tsis yog Antarctica Nquag uas zes hauv North America siv lub caij ntuj no hauv South America, cov uas yug hauv Tebchaws Europe siv lub hli txias hauv Africa thiab lub tsev teb. nqos uas zes nyob rau sab Asia, tsiv mus rau sab qab teb ntawm tib lub teb chaws, ib txhia mus txog rau sab qaum teb mus txog Australia.
Barn Swallows have black plumage with metallic bluish tinges Lub plab yog cream-xim. Lub hauv pliaj thiab caj dab yog xim liab thiab, thaum kawg ntawm tus Tsov tus tw, ntawm thaj chaw dorsal, lawv nthuav tawm cov ovals dawb thaum lawv txuas ntxiv. Lawv tis yog dub, ntev thiab taw, uas tso cai rau lawv txawj ya heev.
Swallows like to live in open areas, qhov twg muaj tib neeg lub tsev los tsim lawv lub zes. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv xav tau muaj dej nyob ze ua av nkos, ua ke nrog lawv cov qaub ncaug, yuav tsim lub zes.
Pab nqos zes tiv thaiv?
nqhis dej, martins thiab swifts yog tsiaj tiv thaiv los ntawm huab tais txoj cai, ntxiv rau lwm cov lus qhia nyob sab Europe thiab lub tebchaws. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tsis koom nrog cov neeg yos hav zoov, lawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tua lossis raug tsim txom. Tab sis li cas txog lawv lub zes?
Tseem muaj txoj cai lij choj hauv teb chaws uas tiv thaiv ob lub qe thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm cov tsiaj no thiab, yog li ntawd, lawv zes. Yog tias lub zes ntawm cov noog no raug rhuav tshem lossis puas tsuaj, qhov kev ua txhaum uas raug cais raws li qhov hnyav yuav raug ua, raug nplua los ntawm nplua € 5,001 txog € 200,000
Vim tag nrho cov no, cov zes tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm thaum lawv tau tsim, tsuas yog nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej thiab nrog kev tso cai los ntawm lub cev muaj peev xwm tswj hwm lub cev. Tsuav lawv tsis tsa cov tsiaj nyob rau lub sijhawm.
Peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov noog no tsuas yog coj peb cov txiaj ntsig xwb, lawv yog cov kab tsuag zoo heev, muaj peev xwm tua tau ntau tshaj 600 yoov tshaj cum rau ib tus neeg ib hmosCia peb nco ntsoov tias yoov tshaj cum ua cov kab mob ntau yam uas lawv kis mus rau dev thiab tib neeg.
Tseem muaj txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv lawv cov khoom poob los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub tsev. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tee no yog cov chiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov nroj tsuag, yog li lawv cov khoom sib sau, sau thiab ua tiav yog qhov txiaj ntsig rau txhua tus.
Swallows sib txawv raws li ob peb yam ntxwv, ntawm lawv yog:
- : ib txhia zoo li cov tais diav, lwm tus ncig nrog lub raj ntev, lwm tus tsuas ncig nrog lub qhov, lwm tus nkaus tubular, qee hom tsis tsim zes thiab siv cov kab noj hniav, thiab lwm yam.
- : muaj ob hom nqos, dawb thiab dub, lwm hom yog dub tag nrho, ib txhia muaj lub taub hau thiab cov rump nrog txiv kab ntxwv tones, qee hom muaj xim av tones…
- Size or wingspan: wingspan ntawm ntau hom swallows muaj li ntawm 10 txog 20 centimeters.
Muaj 75 hom nquab
- Grey-crested Swallow (Pseudhirundo griseopyga)
- White-backed Swallow (Cheramoeca leucosterna)
- Mascarene Swallow (Phedina borbonica)
- Congo Swallow (Phedina brazzae)
- Bicolored Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor)
- Southern Swallow (Progne elegans)
- Brown Swallow (Progne tapera)
- Barn Swallow (Notiochelidon cyanoleuca)
- Brown-bellied Swallow (Notiochelidon murina)
- Mangrove Swallow (Tachycineta albilinea)
- Tumbes Swallow (Tachycineta stolzmanni)
- White-headed Swallow (Psalidoprocne albiceps)
- Black Swallow (Psalidoprocne pristoptera)
- Fanti Swallow (Psalidoprocne obscura)
- White-winged Swallow (Tachycineta albiventer)
- White-browed Swallow (Tachycineta leucorrhoa)
- Square-tailed Swallow (Psalidoprocne nitens)
- Cameroon Swallow (Psalidoprocne fuliginosa)
- Chilean Swallow (Tachycineta leucopyga)
- Golden Swallow (Tachycineta euchrysea)
- Green Sea Swallow (Tachycineta thalassina)
- Bahamas Swallow (Tachycineta cyaneoviridis)
- Caribbean Swallow (Progne dominicensis)
- Sinaloan Swallow (Progne sinaloae)
- Guinea Swallow (Hirundo lucida)
- Angolan Swallow (Hirundo angolensis)
- Grey-breasted Swallow (Progne chalybea)
- Galapagos Swallow (Progne modesta)
- Peruvian Swallow (Progne murphyi)
- Purple Swallow (Progne subis)
- Cuban Swallow (Progne cryptoleuca)
- Nqe-legged Swallow (Notiochelidon flavipes)
- Black-headed Swallow (Notiochelidon pileata)
- Andean Swallow (Haplochelidon andecola)
- White-winged Swallow (Atticora fasciata)
- Collared Swallow (Atticora melanoleuca)
- White-footed Swallow (Neochelidon tibialis)
- Rufous-throated Swallow (Stelgidopteryx ruficollis)
- Chestnut-headed Swallow (Alopochelidon fucata)
- Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica)
- Pacific Swallow (Hirundo tahitica)
- Barn Swallow (Stelgidopteryx serripennis)
- Nilgiri Swallow (Hirundo domicola)
- Australian Swallow (Hirundo neoxena)
- Black Swallow (Hirundo nigrita)
- tsob ntoo nqos (Petrochelidon nigricans)
- Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota)
- Small-town Swallow (Petrochelidon fulva)
- Pale Swallow (Hirundo leucosome)
- White-tailed Swallow (Hirundo megaensis)
- Red-and-Black Swallow (Hirundo nigrorufa)
- Rufous-breasted Swallow (Cecropis semirufa)
- Senegalese Swallow (Cecropis senegalensis)
- Golden Swallow (Cecropis daurica)
- Hirundo albigularis (Hirundo albigularis)
- Ethiopian Swallow (Hirundo ethiopica)
- Long-tailed Swallow (Hirundo smithii)
- Blue Swallow (Hirundo atrocaerulea)
- Sri Lanka Swallow (Cecropis hyperythra)
- Sahel Swallow (Cecropis domicella)
- Pearl Swallow (Hirundo dimidiata)
- Ruffle-headed Swallow (Cecropis cucullata)
- Abyssinian Swallow (Cecropis abyssinica)
- Vaj Swallow (Petrochelidon fuliginosa)
- Indian Swallow (Petrochelidon fluvicola)
- Ariel Swallow (Petrochelidon ariel)
- Striated Swallow (Cecropis striolata)
- Ruffle-bellied Swallow (Cecropis badia)
- Red-throated Swallow (Petrochelidon rufigula)
- Preuss's Swallow (Petrochelidon preussi)
- Red Sea Swallow (Petrochelidon perdita)
- South African Swallow (Petrochelidon spilodera)
- Rufous-necked Swallow (Petrochelidon rufocollaris)
