Ticks yog cov kab mob arthropods uas tuaj yeem thauj ntau cov kab mob, kab mob thiab kab mob mus rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem kis cov co toxins tuag tes tuag taw los ntawm lawv cov qaub ncaug tom qab sting. Kev rov qab deworming ntawm peb cov dev thiab miv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem kis cov kab mob zoonotic uas tuaj yeem kis mus rau tib neeg. Ib yam li ntawd, qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nyob ze rau lawv yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv lub hlis zoo ntawm lub xyoo, txij li thaum peb cov tsiaj tuaj yeem tsim kev tsis haum rau lawv tom.
Koj puas xav paub ntau npaum li cas kab mob zuam kis tau? Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog cov kab mob sib kis uas cov kab mob sab nraud kis mus rau peb cov dev thiab miv, nrog rau cov kab mob kis mus rau tib neeg.
Vim li cas cov zuam thiaj kis tau kab mob?
Ticks, ntxiv rau cov kab mob loj tshaj plaws, yog cov kab mob hematophagous sab nraud uas noj cov ntshav ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg, thiab nws yog qhov tseeb thaum lawv pub noj uas lawv muaj peev xwm kis tau cov kab mob ua rau cov kab mob, nrog rau kev tso tawm nrog lawv cov qaub ncaug muaj zog tuag tes tuag taw toxin uas ua rau cov leeg nce siab tsis kub taub hau, mob, qaug zog, thiab ua tsis taus pa. Qhov kawg tshwm sim hauv miv, dev thiab menyuam yaus.
Cov kab mob uas zuam kis mus rau tib neeg
Cov kab mob uas zuam kis mus rau tib neeg tuaj yeem loj dua lossis tsawg dua, yog li tseem ceeb heev kom paub lawv, kawm paub lawv, mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau thiab ua kom peb cov tsiaj dewormed.
Ricketsiosis
Rickettsiae yog cov kab mob uas ua raws li cov kab mob hauv lub cev. Cov kab mob kis tau los ntawm cov zuam yog cov pab pawg ntawm cov kab mob npaws uas zoo li tsim cov tsos mob zoo sib xws vim lawv cov hlab ntsha tropism:
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Ua los ntawm Rickettsia rickettsii, Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kub taub hau, malaise, mob nqaij thiab mob taub hau, ua daus no, conjunctival hyperemia (redness), thiab ib tug maculopapular ua pob liab vog ntawm extremities uas kis tau sai heev rau ntau lub cev. Nws yog ib yam kab mob tshwj xeeb rau Tebchaws Meskas thiab Central thiab South America.
- Mediterranean spotted fever: tus kab mob causal isRickettsia conorii thiab tus aub zuam (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) yog tus kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob, ua rau kub taub hau, malaise, tsim ntawm papule uas hloov mus rau hauv qhov chaw tsis mob blackish necrotic thiab qee zaus ua rau khaus. Nws feem ntau kho yam tsis muaj sequelae, tab sis qee zaum nws tsim cov ntaub ntawv hnyav thiab tuag txog li 2.5% ntawm cov neeg mob.
- African tick-bite fever: los ntawm Rickettsia africae, Feem ntau yog mob me me, tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam thiab ua pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij tsawg dua li cov kab mob hais saum toj no.
- Debonel los yog tibola: qhov no yog ib yam kab mob tshwm sim hauv Tebchaws Europe uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm Rickettsia slovaca, R.raoultii or R. rioja. Nws kis tau los ntawm cov zuam ntawm Dermacentor genus, tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj cov necrotic eschar ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm tawv taub hau, nrog rau mob lymphadenopathy nyob rau hauv lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
Borreliosis
Tseem hu ua Lyme disease, yog tus kab mob zuam uas kis tau ntau tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Europe, nqa los ntawm tus zuam Ixodes. ricinus, uas yog kis los ntawm spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog erythema migrans uas pib ua papule liab liab nrog rau malaise, caj dab txhav, kub taub hau thiab lymphadenopathy. Raws li tus kab mob loj tuaj, ntau erythema migrans, meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, thiab tachycardia tshwm sim. Kev mob caj dab ntawm cov pob qij txha loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tau ntau xyoo.
Babesiosis
Ua rau tib neeg los ntawm Babesia duncani, B. divergens, thiab B. microti, uas kis cov qe ntshav liab Txawm hais tias nws feem ntau ua rau mob me. Cov tsos mob, mob nqaij, qaug zog vim hemolytic anemia (vim lub rupture ntawm cov qe ntshav liab los ntawm Babesia), jaundice, daim siab thiab spleen o, mob nqaij, xeev siab thiab ntuav, thiab kev xav tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim.
Colorado Tick Fever
Tus kab mob no yog tus kab mob kis tau los ntawm Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain zuam). Leej twg tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob yog tias lawv nyob hauv thaj tsam ntawm Tebchaws Meskas sab hnub poob thiab Canada ntawm qhov siab tshaj 5,000 ko taw hauv Rocky Toj siab. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog kub taub hau, ntuav, xeev siab, mob taub hau thiab qhov muag, lethargy thiab rhiab heev rau lub teeb.
Tularemia
Ticks tuaj yeem kis tau lawv tus kab mob, Francisella tularensis, cov kab mob uas tiv taus ib puag ncig. Tularemia tuaj yeem muaj ntau hom: glandular, ulceroglandular, oculoglandular, oropharyngeal, pulmonary, lossis typhoid. Yog tias kis tau los ntawm qhov tom ntawm cov kab mob no, ib qho rwj tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm qhov tom nrog mob hauv cov qog nqaij hlav, kub taub hau, mob taub hau thiab qaug zog.
Tick-Caused Encephalitis
Nov yog ib tug kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb, tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug flavivirus kis los ntawm Ixodes ricinus zuam, tsim meningitis, encephalitis, meningoencephalitis los yog meningoencephalorradiculitis, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Nws cuam tshuam ntau dua 30 lub teb chaws hauv Africa, Middle East, Asia thiab Western Europe, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim loj hlob nyob rau xyoo tas los no hauv Tebchaws Europe. Nws yog ua los ntawm nairovirus thiab kis los ntawm zuam ntawm genus Hyalomma. Cov tsos mob xws li kub taub hau, mob nqaij, mob taub hau, caj dab txhav, qhov muag khaus thiab kub siab rau lub teeb, kev nyuaj siab, me me los ntshav hauv qhov ncauj, caj pas thiab tawv nqaij uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hemorrhages loj.
Anaplasmosis and Ehrlichiosis
Anaplasmosis yog ib yam kab mob kis los ntawm Ixodes ricinus thiab tshwm sim los ntawm Anaplasma phagocytophilum thiab ehrlichiosis yog tshwm sim los ntawm Ehrlichia cov kab mob thiab kis los ntawm tib lub hnub qub zuam (Amblyomma americanum). Ob yam kab mob tsim cov tsos mob zoo sib xws: kub taub hau, ua daus no, mob leeg, tsis muaj zog, mob taub hau, xeev siab thiab/los yog ntuav; muaj peev xwm ua rau cov ntshav coagulation dav dav (tso tawm intravascular coagulation), kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev, convulsions thiab coma. Ehrlichioses kuj tuaj yeem ua pob khaus ntawm lub cev, ob txhais ceg, thiab caj npab.
Kab mob uas zuam kis mus rau dev thiab miv
Ntau yam kab mob uas teev saum toj no suav hais tias yog zoonoses, txhais tau tias lawv kis tau los ntawm dev thiab miv mus rau tib neeg. Yog li, cov kab mob kis los ntawm cov zuam tsis tas yuav tsum mus cuag tib neeg los ntawm lawv qhov ncaj qha tom. Wb saib, tom ntej no, cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau dev thiab miv:
Canine erhlichiosis
Ua los ntawm Erhlichia canis thiab kis los ntawm zuam Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Nws yog ib tug kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau cov hlwb dawb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov monocytes thiab lymphocytesNyob rau theem mob muaj kub taub hau, anorexia, kev nyuaj siab, lymphadenopathy thiab spleen loj, hemorrhages, uveitis, ntuav, lameness los yog mob vim polyarthritis, gait disorders thiab ua pa nyuaj.
Qee lub sij hawm tus kab mob no mus rau ib tug ntev daim ntawv nyob rau hauv uas cov hlwb tsim nyob rau hauv cov pob txha pob txha raug txo qis (pancytopenia). Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, tus kab mob ua rau muaj kev mob hnyav dua nrog qhov kev tshwm sim tsis zoo uas cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog, kev nyuaj siab, daj ntseg mucous daim nyias nyias, edema, raum thiab / lossis daim siab tsis ua haujlwm thiab cov tsos mob tshwm sim.
Anaplasmosis
Muaj ob hom anaplasma uas tuaj yeem ua rau anaplasmosis hauv dev thiab miv:
- Tshuaj los ntawm Ixodes ricinus, Anaplasma phagocytophilum ua rau ua rau cov qe ntshav dawb thiab kub taub hau, pob qij txha thiab mob nqaij hlav vim yog mob caj dab. ua rau peb cov miv thiab dev.
- Anaplasma platys (canine kis kab mob thrombocytopenia), kis los ntawm zuam Rhipicephalus sanguineus, cuam tshuam canine platelets ua rau poob ntawm lawv suav tag nrho thiab ua rau hemorrhages ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab qhov chaw.
Lyme's desease
Muaj tshwm sim, xws li hauv tib neeg, los ntawm cov kab mob Borrelia burgdorferi thiab vector Ixodes ricinus thiab Ixodes scapularis, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau kub taub hau, tsis sib xws lameness, mob caj dab thiab, hauv qhov mob hnyav dua, raum puas vim kev tiv thaiv kab mob- kho mob glomerulonephritis, arrhythmias los yog paj hlwb.
Babesiosis
Tus kab mob no kis los ntawm zuam mus rau dev thiab miv yog tshwm sim los ntawm protozoa ntawm genus Babesia: B canis (kis los ntawm Dermacentor reticulatus), B. Rossi, B. vogeli (kis los ntawm Rhipicephalus sanguineus), B.. bigemina, B. gibsoni (hloov los ntawm Rhipicephalus sanguineus), B. conradae, B. microti-zoo li (hloov los ntawm Ixodes hexagonus). Nws yog kab mob cab uas, xws li hauv tib neeg, tawm tsam cov qe ntshav liab ua rau cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm hemolysis los yog tawg: qaug zog, anemia, jaundice, kub taub hau, anorexia, daj ntseg. mucous daim nyias nyias, lymphadenopathy, loj spleen thiab txo tus naj npawb ntawm platelets uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem loj dua xws li mob raum tsis ua haujlwm, lub siab puas tsuaj, nthuav tawm intravascular coagulation thiab ntau yam kabmob tsis ua haujlwm. Hauv miv nws tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog, tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj zog thiab raws plab.
Lawv kuj kis tau kab mob cab hu ua filariae: Dipetalonema dracunculoides (cuam tshuam rau peritoneum), Dipetalonema reconditum thiab Acanthocheilonema grassii (cuam tshuam rau cov leeg fasciae.), tab sis feem ntau cov dev thiab miv tsis muaj tsos mob.
Feline infectious anemia
Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob me me zaum ntawm ntug cov qe ntshav liab: Mycoplasma haemofelis lossis Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum, Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis thiab Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim subclinical mus rau qhov mob hnyav heev nyob ntawm mycoplasma uas cuam tshuam rau peb cov feline, kom Mycoplasma haemofelis yog cov kab mob tshaj plaws, muaj peev xwm tsim tau mob hnyav anemia nrog ib tug loj poob rau hauv hematocrit (los yog ntim ntawm cov qe ntshav liab nyob rau hauv lub cev tag nrho cov ntshav), ua rau miv nyuaj siab, anorexic, nrog ib tug loj tus po thiab lub siab, kub taub hau, thiab nce plawv thiab ua pa.
Nws kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov dev (Mycoplasma haemocanis thiab Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum), tab sis tsawg dua thiab lawv tsuas tsim cov tsos mob yog tias lawv tus po tau raug tshem tawm lossis lawv raug kev ntxhov siab tas li.
Hepatozoonosis
Hepatozoon canis thiab Hepatozoon americanum tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau dev, kis tau los ntawm kev noj cov kab mob Rhipicephalus sanguineus zuam. Feem ntau nws yog mob me los yog subclinical, kub taub hau, anemia los yog emaciation pom nyob rau hauv cov hluas los yog cov tsiaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntau tus dev kuj muaj purulent oculo-nasal tso tawm, cov leeg nqaij tawv thiab, thaum cuam tshuam los ntawm Hepatozoon americanum, mob hauv cov ceg thiab sab nraub qaum. Thaum tus kab mob yog mob ntev, lub raum amyloid tuaj yeem tso, ua rau glomerulonephritis. Miv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm lwm hom kab mob siab hepatozoon nrog subclinical kab mob.
Bartonellosis
Bartonella henselae cuam tshuam rau miv, kis los ntawm fleas, tab sis kuj ntseeg tias kis tau los ntawm zuam. Nws yog qhov ua rau "kab khawb kab mob"nyob rau hauv tib neeg. Cov miv feem ntau nthuav tawm cov kab mob subclinical, tab sis qee zaum lawv muaj kub taub hau, nephritis, myocarditis, kev hloov pauv hauv lub paj hlwb, mob nqaij lossis hloov kev ua me nyuam.
Viral encephalitis
Virosis tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug flavivirus piav nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg ntawm cov kab mob, uas kuj yuav cuam tshuam rau peb cov dev thiab miv nyob rau hauv uas nws ua npaws thiab neurological tej yam tshwm sim.
Mediterranean spotted fever
Rickettsia ricketsii yog ib yam kab mob nyob rau hauv Amelikas, thaum R. conorii thiab R. slovaca kis tau rau hauv Spain, ua rau mob me me qee zaum nrog kev qaug zog. R. ricketsii tuaj yeem tsim cov tsos mob tshwm sim hauv cov dev, uas ua rau muaj kab mob ntau dua li miv, ua rau kub taub hau, anorexia, lymphadenopathy, polyarthritis, hnoos, mob plab, ntuav, raws plab thiab edema ntawm cov extremities. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, mucosal hemorrhages tshwm.
Citauxzoonosis
C.felis, ib tug protozoan ntawm tsev neeg Theileriidae uas cuam tshuam rau felines, ua rau cov tsos mob tsuas yog nyob rau hauv miv hauv tsev, tsim ib tugcov tsos mob ntawm lub cev qhuav dej , jaundice, kub taub hau, anorexia thiab lethargy nrog cov neeg tuag siab.
Tularemia
Nws cuam tshuam rau miv ntau dua dev vim yog kis kab mob uas ua rau tus kab mob no (Francisella tularensis). Nws yog ib qho tsis tshua muaj kab mob, tsis tshua muaj kev tswj hwm nyob deb nroog lossis tua dev tej zaum yuav cuam tshuam nrog kub taub hau, anorexia, mob nqaij, qhov ntswg thiab qhov muag tawm, thiab qee zaus, abscesses ntawm lub point ntawm tus kab mob. Miv tshwm sim ua npaws, anorexia, apathy thiab rwj ntawm tus nplaig thiab palate.
Yuav ua li cas kom tsis txhob zuam kab mob?
Tau qhov mob hnyav ntawm ntau yam kab mob kis los ntawm cov zuam, ob qho tib si rau tsiaj thiab tib neeg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tiv thaiv zoo. Yog li, peb pom zoo:
- Txhob muab tej hav zoov lossis tej thaj chaw uas muaj nyom siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav mus txog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, yog lub caij uas cov kab mob no loj tuaj. Nws raug pom zoo, thaum mus saib cov chaw no, hnav cov khaub ncaws dawb thiab ntev, vim li no peb tuaj yeem pom zoo dua yog tias peb muaj zuam.
- Xov xwm peb cov dev thiab miv rau cov zuam thiab lawv qhov tseeb dewormingntawm lub chaw kho tsiaj. Saib Yuav ua li cas deworming dev thiab tsis txhob nco cov video hauv qab no hais txog deworming miv.
- Siv tshuaj tua kab xws li DEET los yog 0.5% permethrin.
- Thov tshem cov zuam tawm ntawm peb lub cev los yog ntawm peb cov tsiaj kom raug nrog tweezers, uas yog, rub nws kom deb li deb ntawm daim tawv nqaij. raws li qhov ua tau thiab sab nraud, thov kom tsis tu ncua kom tshem tawm tag nrho kom lub taub hau tsis nyob hauv daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias tsis ntseeg, nws zoo dua mus rau chaw kho tsiaj lossis chaw kho mob.
