Falcons yog Falcons are falcons are falcons areLawv pom lawv cov tsiaj nyeg saum huab cua, thaum ya mus rau hauv ib qho chaw los ntawm flapping lawv tis, thiab thaum lawv npaj txhij, lawv swop down, ntawm speeds txog li 200 meters ib ob, zoo ib yam li cov neeg falcon peregrine (Falco peregrinus). Qhov ceev no tso cai rau falcons ua cov tsiaj ceev tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov duab ntawm lawv cov plaub, lawv tis, thiab lawv tus Tsov tus tw, zoo, conical thiab ntse, ua rau cov tsiaj no sai heev thiab tuaj yeem ua tau zoo kawg nkaus tig. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos muaj cov plaub ntev dua los ua kom yooj yim rau lawv ya mus txog thaum lawv kawm cov neeg laus ya. Lawv tsis tsuas yog yos hav zoov tsiaj xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov tsiaj nyob saum ntuj, xws li cov noog me lossis cov ducks loj dua.
Tseem muaj plaub hom falcons, txhua tus muaj tib lub genus, cov genus Falco. Hauv tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb lub xaib peb yuav piav qhia qhov sib txawv pab pawg ntawm falcons, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab qee qhov piv txwv.
Pab muaj pes tsawg hom falcons?
Raws li peb tau hais lawm, muaj plaub pawg ntawm falcons, thiab lawv txhua tus muaj ntau hom. Falcons yog faib thoob plaws ntiaj teb, tsuas yog rau Antarctica. Txhua hom falcon muaj nws tus kheej txoj kev yos hav zoov. Lawv nyiam ua teb thiab meadows. Lawv cov zes feem ntau muab tso rau ntawm pob tsuas, roob, lossis ntoo siab heev, vim tias lawv cov qe thiab menyuam qaib, tsis zoo li cov neeg laus, muaj kev phom sij heev. Cov neeg laus, hauv av, tuaj yeem raug hma thiab saum huab cua, eagles lossis owls loj, txawm hais tias nws tsis tshwm sim vim lawv lub zog loj.
plaub hom falcons muaj raws li hauv qab no:
- Merlin
- Kernicalos
Tom ntej no, peb yuav piav qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv thiab lub npe piv txwv ntawm falcons los ntawm txhua pab pawg.
1. Merlin
Merlins (Falco columbarius) yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws falconsCov poj niam loj dua thiab muaj zog dua li cov txiv neej, lub tisspan ntawm cov noog no nyob nruab nrab ntawm 55 thiab 69 centimeters thiab muaj cov cim kev sib deev dimorphism hauv plumage. Cov txiv neej muaj xim xiav rau ntawm lub kaus mom (sab saum toj ntawm lub taub hau) thiab ntawm thaj chaw dorsal ntawm lawv lub cev. Tus poj niam feem ntau browner thiab mottled, nrog longitudinal dawb streaks ntawm ventral cheeb tsam.
NOJ ZAUM NOOG NOOG TAM SIM NTAWD ZAUB MENYUAM, central north north north north north north north north north north north north north north north north north with with with with withု europenorth north north north Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj ntoo, zam thaj chaw roob. Merlins yog cov kws tshwj xeeb hauv kev yos hav zoov me me, xws li goldfinches thiab larks, feem ntau ntawm thaj chaw uas lawv nyob. Cov poj niam, loj dua, tuaj yeem tua noog zoo ib yam li magpie. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem noj cov tsiaj me thiab cov kab loj.
Muaj ntau yam subspecies ntawm merlin nyob ntawm thaj tsam. Hauv tebchaws Iceland, peb pom cov subspecies Falco columbarius subaesalon, hauv North America muaj peb, Falco columbarius columbarius, Falco columbarius richardsonii thiab Falco columbarius suckleyi thiab hauv Asia plaub, ib qho ntawm Siberia, Falco columbarius insignis, mFalco columbarius, pallidus thiab Falco columbarius lymani.
ob. Kestrels
16 hom kestrels, faib thoob ntiaj teb. Hauv Spain muaj ob hom, kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), dav dav thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe, thiab tsawg dua kestrel (Falco naumanni), nthuav tawm txhua xyoo puag ncig nyob rau sab qab teb Spain thiab sab qaum teb Africa. Thaum lub caij ntuj no nws tuaj yeem pom hauv lwm thaj chaw ntawm sab qab teb thiab sab hnub tuaj Europe. Ob hom muaj qhov zoo sib xws, tus Tsov tus tw yog ntev thiab nqaim, tiaj hauv cov txiv neej thiab streaked nyob rau hauv cov poj niam, nrog ib tug dub kab txaij ze ntawm lub taub. Hauv ob hom muaj kev sib deev dimorphism. Tus poj niam yog xim av thiab mottled, tus txiv neej muaj lub ntsej muag xiav-grey nrog lub puab tsaig du nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov tsawg dua thiab nrog tsaus nti (qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag thiab ib sab ntawm lub beak). Tshwj tsis yog tias peb muaj "tus kws tshaj lij qhov muag", qhov sib txawv ntawm cov poj niam ntawm ob hom yog qhov nyuaj, tab sis cov txiv neej yog qhov yooj yim. Tus ZAUB MUAB NOJ NIAM TXIV UAS YUAV UA LI CAS, uas lawv yog lub tis plaub nyob ze ntawm lub cev nyob rau hauv lub posterior cheeb tsam, thiab lub puab tsaig, qhov kawg ntawm lub nraub qaum. Lwm tus txiv laus yog ,,,,, zoo, zoo, zoo nws lub taub hau thiab tus Tsov tus tw yog xiav, tab sis qhov loj dua coverts tsis yog. Lwm cov plaub yog
Lub tisspan ntawm cov kestrel sib txawv ntawm 68 thiab 78 centimeters, loj dua qhov qis dua, ntawm 63 txog 72 centimeters. Lwm qhov sib txawv loj ntawm ob hom yog tias cov kestrels tsawg dua yog cov noog nyob hauv pawg, lawv nyob hauv pab pawg, tsis zoo li cov kestrels, uas nyob ib leeg. Ob hom zes nyob rau hauv lub zes tso tseg ntawm magpies los crows, tab sis nyiam siv qhov hauv phab ntsa thiab tib neeg lub tsev Qhov no yog ib qho laj thawj vim li cas kestrels raug hem, tib neeg rhuav tshem lawv lub zes lossis tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev tsim lawv, txawm tias lawv yog cov noog uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, vim lawv feem ntau noj cov tsiaj me xws li nas lossis kab loj.
Hauv Africa peb pom lwm hom kestrels xws li African kestrel (Falco rupicolus), lub kestrel dub (Falco dickinsoni) thiab lub qhov muag dawb kestrel (Falco rupicoloides). Tshaj tawm thoob plaws hauv Eurasia thiab Africa, nyob rau hauv cov ko taw liab (Falco vespertinus) thiab, tsuas yog hauv Asia, Amur kestrel. Hauv tebchaws Amelikas muaj ib hom kab kestrel, liab los yog guinea fowl (Falco sparverius), thiab nyob rau hauv teb chaws Australia, qhov twg kuj muaj ib hom, Australian kestrel (Falco cenchroides).
3. Hawks
Falcons, hais txog qhov loj, yog ib nrab ntawm kestrels thiab falcons. Eurasian Falcon (Falco subbuteo) muaj wingspan ntawm 70 mus rau 84 centimeters, zoo ib yam li lwm hom Falcon.
Ib tug yam ntxwv uas tshwm sim rau txhua tus hawks yog lawv tsis tsim lawv lub zes, lawv siv lwm tus tso tseg los sis txawm ntiab lwm tus noog. los ntawm lawv lub zes los siv lawv. Cov poj niam loj dua cov txiv neej, txawm hais tias lawv zoo nkaus li zoo sib xws hauv plumage. Piv txwv li, txiv neej thiab poj niam Eurasian Hogs muaj grey plumage, dawb caj pas thiab lub puab tsaig nrog tsaus nti whiskers. Cov plaub nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cloaca thiab ob txhais ceg yog liab. Lub hauv siab thiab plab yog mottled ntawm ib tug dawb tom qab. Raws li ib feem ntawm kev sib tham ntawm hom no, tus txiv neej, thaum lub sij hawm ya, kis zaub mov rau tus poj niam ntawm kiv taub hau ceev.
Tsuas yog America thiab Antarctica, muaj hawks nyob rau txhua lub teb chaws, cov yog:
- African Hawk (Falco cuvierii)
- Australian Falcon (Falco longipennis)
- Eastern Hawk (Falco severus)
- Alcotán turumti (Falco chicquera)
4. Hawks
Falcons, hais nruj me ntsis, yog qhov loj tshaj. Hais txog 18 hom hawks tau muab faib thoob ntiaj teb, ntau yam uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov tseeb uas pheej rov hais dua nyob rau hauv falconry, qhov twg lawv tau siv dav.
Tag nrho cov falcons muaj ntau dua lossis tsawg dua lub ntsej muag tsaus nti, nrog qee qhov tshwj xeeb, xws li gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) uas, Nyob rau hauv Greenland lawv yog dawb nrog mottled thaj chaw ntawm tis, nraub qaum thiab tus Tsov tus tw. Tus falcon no kuj paub tias yog , muaj tisspan ntawm 109 txog 134 centimeters. Ntxiv rau Greenland, lub gyrfalcon kuj nyob rau sab qaum teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Norway, qhov twg tsis muaj neeg dawb. Nws zoo nkaus li zoo ib yam li Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), tab sis loj dua. Qhov thib ob falcon no muaj qhov dav dua mustache, grey plumage nyob rau sab nraub qaum nrog lub duav sib dua thiab dawb nrog cov hlaws tsaus nti ntawm lub hauv siab thiab plab. Lub peregrine falcon yos hav zoov nws cov tsiaj nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, thaum lub gyrfalcon ua li ntawd nyob rau hauv av, yav tas los nkees nws nyob rau hauv davhlau.
Nyob hauv thaj av uas nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hiav txwv Mediterranean inhabitants borní falcon (Falco biarmicus). Nws yog ib tug hawk ntawm cov suab puam thiab arid steppe cheeb tsam. Ua tus poj niam loj tshaj plaws, lawv muaj qhov ntev ntawm 95 txog 105 centimeters. Lub plumage ntawm nws tis thiab rov qab yog xiav grey nrog ib tug scaly tsos. Lub hauv paus cheeb tsam yog golden, caj pas, hauv siab thiab plab yog xim dawb nrog qee qhov chaw tsaus nti.
Nyob deb ntawm Eurasia thiab Africa, nyob rau Amelikas, peb pom cov finned falcon (Falco femoralis). Nws plumage feem ntau yog bluish grey nrog tsaus whiskers. Hauv qab ob lub qhov muag lawv muaj kab txaij dawb. Lub caj pas kuj dawb. Cov plaub nyob ib ncig ntawm lub cloaca thiab ntawm ob txhais ceg yog lub teeb xim av. Cov falcon no zoo sib xws nrog ib hom canine, maned hma (Chrysocyon brachyurus), uas tsa cov noog me thaum khiav, ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov falcon mus yos hav zoov.
Tsuas yog hom falcon yog:
- Berigora falcon (Falco berigora)
- Red-throated Falcon (Falco deiroleucus)
- Eleanor's Falcon (Falco eleonorae)
- Grey falcon (Falco hypoleucos)
- Maori falcon (Falco novaeseelandiae)
- Mexican falcon (Falco mexicanus)
- Bat Falcon (Falco rufigularis)
- Black falcon (Falco subniger)
- Dull falcon (Falco concolor)
- Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug)
- Tagarote falcon (Falco pelegrinoides)
- Taita falcon (Falco fasciinucha)
- Yaggar falcon (Falco jugger)
