Cov dej hiav txwv yog qhov chaw nyob ntawm ntau hom tsiaj, kom txhua pawg zoological tau sawv cev rau hauv cov dej hiav txwv loj heev uas nyob sib txawv latitudes ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Txog tam sim no, ntau hom tau raug txheeb xyuas tias nyob hauv cov chaw no, txawm li cas los xij, lawv qhov kev loj hlob tsis ntseeg tau tiv thaiv ntau lwm tus uas yeej tsis paub. Nws tau raug tshaj tawm [1] nyob rau hauv kev suav pej xeem ntawm 2000 thiab 2010 tias dej biodiversity tshaj 250,000 hom, txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb kwv yees tias daim duab nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag ib lab lossis txawm muab ob npaug rau tus nqi no.
Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb xav kom koj kawm ntxiv txog |hom uas muaj nyob, lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb thiab ib co piv txwv
Txoj yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsiaj hiav txwv
Cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv muaj cov yam ntxwv uas tso cai rau lawv tsim kom zoo nyob hauv hom chaw nyob. Raws li peb tau hais lawm, muaj ntau hom tsiaj uas nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb cov dej hiav txwv thiab hiav txwv, yog li nyob ntawm pawg taxonomic, cov tsiaj yuav muaj ib lossis lwm qhov kev hloov mus nyob hauv thaj chaw marine. Yog li,
Peb tuaj yeem hais tias cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv tiag tiag yog cov uas nyob hauv cov dej no tshwj xeeb lossis siv sijhawm feem ntau hauv lawv vim tias lawv muaj qhov tsim nyog hloov kho. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lwm tus xws li qee cov noog tsuas yog nkag mus rau hauv dej mus yos hav zoov, tab sis lawv tsis muaj peev xwm nyob hauv dej rau lub sijhawm ntev. Yog li, lawv yog hom tsiaj uas cuam tshuam nrog ntug hiav txwv dej ib puag ncig.
Tom ntej no, cia peb kawm txog tej yam yam ntxwv ntawm cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv uas yuav ua rau peb pom txoj hauv kev zoo dua seb lawv txawv li cas:
NWATIONZOM ZAUB Meb tau los ntawm Gills tuaj yeem yog qhov khoom noj ntses,pulmonary, xws li tsiaj txhu, los yog
LUB NIAM UA KOM MUAJ ZAJ DABTSWV, UAS YUAV UA LI CAS LOS NTAWM COV NTSEEG, KUB, Muaj Los Ntawm Cov Khoom Noj Thiab Kev Customeriver) lub caij yug me nyuam.
Peb tau hais tias muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv yog qhov loj heev, yog li txhua pab pawg, ob leeg invertebrates thiab vertebrates, yog sawv cev hauv ib puag ncig no. Cia peb kawm paub hom tsiaj hauv hiav txwv uas muaj nyob:
- Mollusks
- Echinoderms
- Porifera
- Fishes
Tom qab paub txog cov tsiaj hiav txwv thiab dej hiav txwv, tam sim no cia peb saib cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb txog lawv. Ua li no, peb yuav ua raws li cov lus hais saum toj no.
Piv txwv ntawm marine arthropods
Nyob hauv marine arthropods peb pom cov pawg hauv qab no, nyob rau hauv uas peb hais txog cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb:
- Pycnogonids: kab laug sab hiav txwv.
- Remipedios: dig muag crustaceans.
- Cephalocarids: horseshoe cw.
- Maxillopods: copepods and barnacles, and others.
- Malacostracea: amphipods, krill, crabs, cws thiab lobster, and others.
Piv txwv ntawm marine molluscs
Ntawm no yog ib pab pawg coob heev, peb thiaj tuaj yeem hais cov piv txwv hauv qab no:
- Solenogastros: lawv zoo li cov cab thiab peb highlight, piv txwv li, Neomenia carinata.
- Polyplacophores: chitons xws li Acanthochiton garnoti.
- Scaphopods: tusked plhaub zoo li Antalis vulgaris.
- Gastropods: sea snails.
- Bivalves: clams, oysters, cockles and mussels, and others.
- Cephalopods: octopus and squid.
Piv txwv ntawm marine annelids
Annelids yog ringworms thiab ib co marine piv txwv yog:
- Polychaetes: Clam worm (Nereis succinea) and Pompeii worm (Alvinella pompejana).
- Hirudineos: marine leech (Pontobdella muricata).
Piv txwv ntawm marine flatworms
Cov kab mob flatworms sib raug rau cov flatworms thiab, nyob rau hauv pab pawg no, peb muaj:
- Turbellaria: marine planaria of the order polycládidae.
- Cestodes: plab hnyuv kab mob ntawm whales, xws li hom Tetragonoporus calyptocephalus.
Piv txwv ntawm marine echinoderms
Echinoderms yog cov tsiaj muaj npe nrov hauv hiav txwv, txij li hauv pab pawg no peb pom:
- Starfish: ib qho piv txwv tseeb yog cov ntses hnub qub (Asterias rubens), tab sis tsis txhob yig tau ntsib lawv txhua tus los ntawm kev mus saib lwm qhov. tsab xov xwm: "Hom ntses hnub qub".
- Hiav txwv lilies : lub Mediterranean commatula (Antedon Mediterranea) yog ib tug piv txwv zoo.
- Hiav txwv urchins: xws li hluav taws kub hnyiab (Astropyga radiata).
Piv txwv ntawm marine cnidarians
Cnidarians yog ib pab pawg uas muaj ntau hom marine, qee qhov piv txwv yog:
- Scyphozoa: like the crown jellyfish (Atolla wyvillei).
- Cubozoa: lub thawv jellyfish, xws li hiav txwv wasp (Chironex fleckeri).
- Anthozoa: hiav txwv anemones, xws li tsob ntoo anemone (Actinodendron arboretum).
Piv txwv ntawm marine porifera
Lawv yog cov tsiaj uas tsis muaj zog, uas yog, lawv tsis txav. Hauv pab pawg peb tseem ceeb:
- Calcareous: calcium carbonate sponges xws li Sycon raphanus.
- Hexactinélidas: zoo li paj pob tawb ntawm Venus (Euplectella aspergillum).
- Demosponges: zoo li lub thoob loj loj (Xestospongia testudinaria).
Piv txwv ntses dej hiav txwv
Lawv suav nrog ntau hom tsiaj thiab qee qhov piv txwv yog:
- Cyclostomes: Jawless ntses xws li Hagfish (Myxini).
- Actinopterygian: Ray-finned ntses, piv txwv li swordfish (Xiphias gladius).
Piv txwv ntawm marine mammals
Pab pawg tsiaj kuj sawv cev zoo ntawm cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv:
- Cetacea: xws li baleen whales, piv txwv li, Greenland whale (Balaena mysticetus) thiab toothed whales, xws li hauv rooj plaub ntawm lub ntug hiav txwv dej hiav txwv (Delphinus capensis).
- Carnivores: xws li Mediterranean monk foob (Monachus monachus) lossis hiav txwv otter (Enhydra lutris), thiab lwm yam.
- Sirenians: Ib qho piv txwv yog Caribbean manatee (Trichechus manatus).
Piv txwv ntawm seabirds
Txawm tias qhov no tsis yog pawg loj, peb tuaj yeem hais:
Sphenisciformes: lub peculiar penguins zoo li huab tais (Aptenodytes forsteri).
Piv txwv ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles
Thaum kawg, peb pom cov tsiaj reptiles:
- Squamous: xws li marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) thiab beaked sea nab (Enhydrina schistosa)
- Testudines-Tag nrho cov hiav txwv vaub kib, xws li lub hiav txwv ntsuab (Chelonia mydas).
- Crocodylus: xws li crocodile marine or s altwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus).
Lwm yam piv txwv ntawm marine tsiaj
Raws li peb tau hais lawm, lub ntiaj teb marine yog qhov loj thiab zoo kawg, uas yog vim li cas thiaj muaj ntau hom tsiaj nyob hauv. Ntxiv rau qhov saum toj no, peb nthuav qhia lwm cov npe ntawm cov tsiaj hauv hiav txwv thiab qhov chaw koj yuav paub txog ntau hom kev paub zoo heev:
- Bull shark
- Sablefish
- Swallowfish
- Anchovy
- Hake
- Sea Eel
- Snapper
- Sardine
- Nkauj Crab
- Prawn
- Hermit crab
- Acorn
- Hawksbill vaub kib
- Killer vaub kib
- Vaj Npauj Npaim
- Kemp's ridley sea turtle
- Black Sea Urchin
- Captain's Star
- Sand Star
- Prickly Star
- Dub Hiav Txwv Cucumber
- Brown Sea Cucumber
- Ophioderma
- Purple Heart Hedgehog
- Purple Hedgehog
- Portuguese man-of-war
- Brain Coral
- Killer whale
- dolphin Southern
- Chilean Dolphin
- Australian Snub-nose Dolphin