ENDEMIC hom - txhais thiab piv txwv

Cov txheej txheem:

ENDEMIC hom - txhais thiab piv txwv
ENDEMIC hom - txhais thiab piv txwv
Anonim
Endemic Species - txhais thiab piv txwv fetchpriority=siab
Endemic Species - txhais thiab piv txwv fetchpriority=siab

Nyob thoob ntiaj teb muaj ntau plhom tus tsiaj uas muab faib raws li ib tug series ntawm climatic and ecological factor uas tso cai rau lawv tsim kom muaj kev vam meej. hauv txhua qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj cov cheeb tsam uas yog characterized los ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug ntau dua ntawm cov hom, raws li zoo raws li ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov hom uas yog nyob rau hauv ib co kev hem thawj. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no yog hu ua "cov chaw kub" thiab lwm yam uas txhais tau tias lawv yog qhov muaj cov tsiaj uas tshwj xeeb rau qhov chaw ntawd thiab peb yuav tsis pom nyob qhov twg.

Nyob hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia koj txog kab mob sib kis, cov yam ntxwv uas txhais tau lawv thiab peb yuav qhia koj piv txwv ntawm lawv.

Dab tsi yog hom kab mob?

Ib hom kab mob yog thaum nws tsuas yog pom nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam txwv xwb thiab peb yuav tsis pom nyob rau lwm cheeb tsam (tsawg kawg lawm, vim nws tuaj yeem qhia tau). Endemism tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txawv biogeographical nplai, vim nws tuaj yeem nyob hauv microclimates thiab yog cov kob endemism, lossis peb tuaj yeem hais txog roob endemism, lub pas dej lossis ib puag ncig txo, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau ntawm qhov loj dua thiab raug kho ntawm hom. endemic rau ib lub teb chaws thiab txawm lub teb chaws. Txhua yam yuav nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob twg nws yog thiab lub cev thiab kev nyab xeeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, endemic rau ib qhov chaw tuaj yeem yog ib hom tsiaj lossis nws tuaj yeem yog taxon (ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob uas tau muab faib ua pawg raws li qib siab).

Lo lus endemic (endēmios=haiv neeg) feem ntau yog confused with autochthonous or native Cov no, txawm hais tias lawv yog ib cheeb tsam lossis ib cheeb tsam. tshwj xeeb ecosystem, lawv tsis tas yuav endemic, vim hais tias lo lus no qhia txog ib tug nruj geographic txwv thiab haiv neeg hom tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj ib cheeb tsam, ntxiv rau cov tsiaj uas characterize ib cheeb tsam cheeb tsam thiab txiav txim nws toj roob hauv pes.

Ib hom kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb hauv thaj chaw thaj tsam uas cuam tshuam los ntawm naturally happen barriers uas tsis pub kev sib pauv caj ces tshwm sim, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, txawv hom txwv rau cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb tshwm sim. Feem ntau, cov no yog cov neeg tsawg, yog li lawv muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ploj mus yooj yim dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, endemism tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau theem evolutionary nyob rau hauv tib hom, uas, raug cais rau lub sij hawm ntev, ua rau kev hloov morphological vim ib puag ncig yam, piv txwv li, thiab cov kev hloov no yuav raug xa mus rau cov tiam tom ntej. Yog li, thaum kawg, cov tib neeg sib txawv ntawm lawv cov thawj coj tau tsim tawm uas yuav tshwj xeeb rau qhov chaw ntawd, qhov peb hu ua kab mob

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm hom kab mob

Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam kev npaj rau biodiversity conservation, ntau yam tshuaj ntsuam xyuas hom kev nplua nuj ntawm ib qhov chaw, nrog rau cov uas Cov tsiaj raug hem los yog muaj kev puas tsuaj, uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib puag ncig thiab uas muaj kab mob.

Lub ntiaj teb no cov chaw biodiverse tshaj plaws, raws li peb tau hais dhau los, yog hu ua "hotspot", thiab feem ntau yog tshaj tawm raws li qhov no vim muaj, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm endemic hom. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txuag cov chaw no feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov tseeb tias yog tias tsis ua, cov tsiaj no, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem ploj mus.

Yog li ntawd, yog qhov chaw nyob uas muaj hom kab mob ploj mus, cov kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab tsis rov ua dua yuav ploj, uas feem ntau tseem ceeb hauv kev muab kev pabcuam ecosystem.

Yog li ntawd nws yog qhov chaw xws li cov Islands tuaj thiaj li lom zem thiab ecologically nplua nuj vim lawv muaj ntau lub tsev rau ntau hom kab mob. Qhov no yog vim qhov degree ntawm kev sib cais uas cov cheeb tsam no muaj, uas tej zaum kuj yog cov kob xws li pob zeb outcrops los yog roob nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm ib tug tag nrho ib puag ncig matrix. txawv. Piv txwv ntawm cov chaw no yog Australia, New Guinea, Madagascar lossis Galapagos, thiab lwm yam, uas tau nyob sib cais los ntawm cov teb chaws tau ntau lab xyoo thiab tau tso cai rau lawv los tsim kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob loj heev.

Piv txwv kab mob

Muaj ntau hom kab mob hauv ntiaj teb thiab, raws li peb tau hais, lawv tuaj yeem ua tau raws li thaj chaw sib txawv. Tom ntej no, peb yuav sau ib co piv txwv ntawm lawv kom paub ntau ntxiv txog tsiaj endemism.

Taragui geko (Homonota taragui)

Nws yog lizard (tsev neeg Phyllodactylidae) nyob rau sab qaum teb Argentina. Nws raug suav hais tias yog microendemism, vim nws nyob rocky Islands nyob rau hauv lub tiaj uas ua rau txhua yam ib puag ncig uas nws pom. Ua tsaug rau cov tsiaj no, cov phiaj xwm nqis tes ua tau tsim los khaws thaj chaw no, uas kuj muaj lwm hom kab mob endemic.

Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv
Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv

Iberian imperial dav dawb hau (Aquila adalberti)

Cov noog no (hais Accipitriformes) yog qhov kawg rau Iberian Peninsula uas ob peb xyoos dhau los tau poob loj hauv lawv cov pejxeem.. Niaj hnub no, muaj kev npajlos khaws cov tsiaj no nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv Spain thiab, nyob rau hauv lem, txhua lub zej zog uas cov tsiaj no nyob muaj nws tus kheej txoj kev txuag.

Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv
Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv

Black Snub-nosed Langur (Rhinopithecus bieti)

Tseem hu ua Yunnan snub-nosed liab, nws yog ib hom ntawm primate (tsev neeg Cercopithecidae) inhabiting kab mob mus rau Tuam Tshoj, uas faib yog txwv rau Hengduan Toj siab, ib c toj siab ciam teb mus rau lub Himalayas..

Inhabits coniferous forests qhov twg muaj tej yam kev mob heev, yog li no hom no twb tsis paub txog mus txog rau thaum 1990s. Tsis tas li ntawd, hom no yog nyob rau hauv txaus ntshai ntawm extinction, muaj kev tiv thaiv dav dav rau cov primate no.

Koj kuj yuav txaus siab rau lwm tsab xov xwm no los ntawm 11 cov tsiaj uas txaus ntshai tshaj plaws hauv Asia.

Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv
Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv

Kakapo (Strigops habroptilus)

Nov yog ib hom noog (order Psittaciformes) endemic to New Zealand characterized by being the only species of parrot that yaim tsis tau vim txoj kev loj hlob tis tsis zoo thiab lub cev loj. Tam sim no muaj cov pej xeem me me uas tau tiv thaiv thiab saib xyuas los ntawm cov kev pab cuam rov qab rau cov tsiaj no, uas tseem raug cais raws li phom sij ntawm kev ploj tuag

Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv
Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv

Pygmy Raccoon (Procyon pygmaeus)

hom tsiaj no yog kab mob rau Mexico, txwv tsis pub rau cov kob ntawm Cozumel, thiab muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev ploj tuag hauv lub tebchaws thiab thoob ntiaj teb critically endangered. Nws sawv cev rau dwarfism nyob rau theem kob, vim nws yog ib hom uas tsim ua tsaug rau a ntev ntawm kev sib cais

Koj kuj yuav txaus siab rau qhov no lwm tsab xov xwm ntawm peb qhov chaw hais txog 24 tsiaj nyob rau hauv kev txaus ntshai ntawm extinction nyob Mexico.

Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv
Endemic species - Txhais thiab piv txwv

Lwm hom tsiaj

Tam sim no koj paub tias hom kab mob dab tsi yog dab tsi thiab tau pom qee qhov piv txwv ntawm cov tsiaj txhu, koj kuj yuav txaus siab rau ib qho ntawm cov kab lus no ntawm peb qhov chaw:

  • Nkauj tawm tshiab - txhais, piv txwv thiab rau txim.
  • Key hom - txhais thiab piv txwv.
  • Umbrella species - Txhais thiab piv txwv.

Pom zoo: