Hom dais - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv

Cov txheej txheem:

Hom dais - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
Hom dais - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv
Anonim
Dais hom - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv fetchpriority=siab
Dais hom - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv fetchpriority=siab

The bears tau hloov zuj zus los ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv uas muaj miv, dev, cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj los yog weasels 55 lab xyoo dhau los. Peb tuaj yeem nrhiav tau dais hauv yuav luag txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, txhua tus ntawm lawv yoog raws nws ib puag ncig Cov kev hloov pauv no yog qhov ua rau ib hom dais txawv ntawm lwm tus. Cov xim ntawm lub tsho tiv no, xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij, qhov tuab, tuab thiab ntev ntawm cov plaub hau ua rau lawv zoo dua hloov mus rau ib puag ncig uas lawv nyob, txhawm rau tswj lawv lub cev kub lossis camouflage lawv tus kheej nrog lawv ib puag ncig.

Tam sim no, muaj yim hom dais, txawm hais tias cov hom no tau faib ua ntau yam subspecies. Hauv tsab xov xwm no ntawm peb lub xaib, peb yuav pom tias muaj pes tsawg hom bears muaj thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv.

Sun Xyooj

The sun bears, also known as sun bears (Helarctos malayanus) nyob hauv thaj chaw sov ntawm Malaysia, Thaib, Nyab Laj lossis Borneo, txawm hais tias lawv cov pej xeem tau poob qis txaus ntshai nyob rau xyoo tas los no vim qhov ploj ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob thiab kev siv tshuaj suav suav ua rau cov kua tsib ntawm cov tsiaj no..

Nws yog hom dais me tshaj plaws uas muaj, cov txiv neej hnyav ntawm 30 txog 70 kilograms thiab poj niam ntawm 20 txog 40 kilograms. Nws cov plaub yog xim dub thiab luv heev, yoog raws li huab cua sov uas nws nyob. Lawv muaj txiv kab ntxwv

Lawv cov zaub mov yog raws li kev noj cov txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txawm tias lawv yuav noj dab tsi hauv lawv qhov ncav cuag, xws li cov tsiaj me lossis cov tsiaj reptiles. Lawv kuj tuaj yeem noj zib ntab thaum twg lawv pom. Ua li no lawv muaj tus nplaig ntev heev, uas lawv yuav tau cov zib ntab tawm ntawm khaus khaus.

Lawv tsis muaj lub caij yug me nyuam, yog li ntawd lawv muaj peev xwm yug me nyuam thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub hnub bears tsis hibernate. Tom qab copulation, tus txiv neej yuav nyob nrog poj niam los pab nws nrhiav zaub mov thiab ib lub zes rau yav tom ntej cov xeeb ntxwv, thaum yug tus txiv neej yuav nyob los yog mus. Thaum cov me nyuam sib cais los ntawm lawv niam, tus txiv neej yuav tawm los yog rov qab mus nrog poj niam.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Tshav dais
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Tshav dais

Nkauj Dai Siab

Los lipped bears or sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) Lawv nyob hauv Is Nrias teb, Sri Lanka thiab Nepal. Cov pejxeem uas muaj nyob hauv Bangladesh tau ploj mus lawm. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw sib txawv xws li hav zoov ntub thiab qhuav, savannahs, scrublands, thiab grasslands. Lawv zam qhov chaw uas tib neeg cuam tshuam.

Lawv muaj cov plaub hau ntev, ncaj, dub, txawv ntawm lwm hom dais. Nws muaj ib tug ntev heev snout nrog prominent thiab mobile di ncauj. Lawv muaj qhov dawb "V"-puab qhov chaw ntawm lawv lub hauv siab Lawv tuaj yeem hnyav 180 kilograms

Nws cov zaub mov poob qhov chaw ntawm insectivorous thiab frugivorous Kab xws li kab kab thiab ntsaum tuaj yeem suav txog ntau dua 80% ntawm cov zaub mov, txawm tias thaum twg Nws yog lub caij fruiting ntawm cov nroj tsuag, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav suav li ntawm 70 thiab 90% ntawm dais zaub mov.

Lawv yug me nyuam thaum lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Xya Hli, cov poj niam yug tau ib lossis ob tug me nyuam thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis thiab Lub Ib Hlis. Thawj cuaj lub hlis cov menyuam yaus yuav raug coj los ntawm lawv niam lub nraub qaum thiab yuav nyob nrog nws mus txog ib mus rau ob xyoos thiab ib nrab xyoo.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Labiated dais
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Labiated dais

Spectacle Xyooj

The spectacled bears (Tremarctos ornatus) nyob hauv South America thiab muaj kev sib haum xeeb rau Tropical Andes. Tshwj xeeb, lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv cov tebchaws ntawm Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia thiab Peru.

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj no yog, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg, cov pob dawb nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv ob lub qhov muag Cov pob no kuj txuas ntxiv ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab caj dab. Lwm cov plaub hau yog dub. Nws daim tawv nqaij nyias dua li lwm hom dais, vim huab cua kub qhov chaw nws nyob.

Lawv tuaj yeem nyob hauv ntau yam ecosystems thoob plaws hauv teb chaws sov Andes, suav nrog cov hav zoov qhuav qhuav, thaj chaw sov sov sov, cov hav zoov montane, tropical qhuav thiab cov av ntub dej, thiab cov chaw kub thiab muaj xyoob ntoo thiab cov nyom nyom.

Zoo li bears feem ntau, cov spectacled dais yog ib tug omnivorous tsiaj, nws cov zaub mov yog raws li fiber ntau thiab tawv zaub, xws li xibtes thiab bromeliad ceg thiab nplooj. Tej zaum lawv kuj yuav noj cov tsiaj xws li luav lossis roob tapirs, tab sis feem ntau yog cov tsiaj ua liaj ua teb. Thaum lub caij los txog thaum cov nroj tsuag muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov bears ntxiv lawv cov zaub mov muaj ntau yam

tsis ntau paub txog kev luam ntawm cov tsiaj no hauv cov tsiaj qus. Hauv kev poob cev qhev, poj niam coj li lub caij nyoog polyestrous. Muaj qhov sib tw siab kawg ntawm lub hli ntawm Lub Peb Hlis thiab Lub Kaum Hli. Cov khib nyiab loj sib txawv ntawm ib mus rau plaub tus menyuam dev, nrog cov menyuam ntxaib yog qhov ntau tshaj.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Spectacled dais
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Spectacled dais

Grizzly

The brown dais (Ursus arctos) muaj nyob thoob plaws sab qaum teb hemisphere, Europe, Asia, thiab sab hnub poob Tebchaws Meskas. Tebchaws Asmeskas, Alaska thiab Canada. Ua ib hom kab mob sib kis no, coob leej ntau tus suav tias yog subspecies, muaj txog 12 yam sib txawv

Ib qho piv txwv yog Kodiak dais (Ursus arctos middendorffi) uas nyob hauv Kodiak Archipelago hauv Alaska. Cov hom bears hauv Spain raug txo qis rau European hom, Ursus arctos arctos, uas pom los ntawm sab qaum teb ntawm Iberian Peninsula mus rau Scandinavia thiab Russia.

Brown bears tsis yog xim av xwb, lawv kuj ua tau dub los yog creamQhov loj me txawv raws li cov subspecies, nruab nrab ntawm 90 thiab 550 kilograms Nyob rau hauv lub Upper nyhav ntau yam peb pom Kodiak dais thiab nyob rau hauv lub qis ib tug European. dais.

Muaj ntau qhov chaw nyob, los ntawm cov teb chaws Es Xias qhuav mus rau arctic scrub thiab hav zoov hav zoov. Nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw nyob ntau dua li lwm hom dais, lawv kuj siv ntau yam khoom noj. Hauv tebchaws Meskas no lawv yog thaum peb los ze zog mus rau North Pole, qhov chaw muaj ungulates ntau nyob thiab nrhiav tau ntses salmon. Hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Asia lawv muaj kev noj haus ntau dua.

Kev yug me nyuam tshwm sim thaum lub Plaub Hlis thiab Lub Xya Hli, tab sis lub qe fertilized tsis cog rau hauv tsev menyuam kom txog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg. Cov menyuam dev, ib txog rau peb, yug hauv Lub Ib Hlis lossis Lub Ob Hlis, thaum leej niam hibernating. Lawv yuav nrog nws nyob tau ob lossis plaub xyoos.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Brown dais
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Brown dais

Asian black bear

Cov pejxeem Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus) is in recession. Cov tsiaj no nyob rau yav qab teb Iran, thaj tsam roob ntau ntawm sab qaum teb Pakistan thiab Afghanistan, sab qab teb ntawm Himalayas los ntawm Is Nrias teb, Nepal, thiab Bhutan, thiab cov teb chaws Esxias sab hnub tuaj, txuas mus rau sab qab teb mus rau Myanmar thiab Thaib.

Lawv dub nrog me me dawb crescent-puab qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv siab Cov tawv nqaij ib ncig ntawm caj dab yog tuab dua li lwm cov lub cev thiab cov plaub hau nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no ntev dua, muab qhov kev xav ntawm cov plaub hau ntev. Nws yog qhov nruab nrab, nruab nrab ntawm 65 thiab 150 kilograms

Lawv nyob hauv ntau hom hav zoov, ob qho tib si hauv hav zoov dav dav thiab coniferous hav zoov, nyob ze dej hiav txwv lossis siab dua 4,000 meters ntawm qhov siab.

Lawv muaj ntau yam sib txawv feed thiab raws caij nyoog. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nws cov zaub mov yog raws li stems, nplooj thiab ntsuab tua. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov lawv noj ntau yam kab xws li ntsaum uas tuaj yeem nrhiav tau 7 lossis 8 teev thiab muv, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, lawv nyiam hloov mus rau acorns, walnuts thiab chestnuts Lawv kuj pub rau ungulates thiab nyuj

Lawv yug thaum lub Rau Hli thiab Lub Xya Hli, lawv yug thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis thiab Lub Peb Hlis, nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm ib puag ncig, lub qe fertilized yuav cog sai dua. Lawv muaj ob tug me nyuam uas yuav nyob nrog niam tau ob xyoos.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Asian dub dais
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Asian dub dais

American black bear

The American black bear (Ursus americanus) tau ploj mus nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm Tebchaws Meskas thiab Mexico, tam sim no nyob Canada thiab Alaska, qhov twg cov pejxeem coob zuj zus tuaj. Nws tsuas yog nyob hauv hav zoov kub thiab boreal, tab sis kuj txuas mus rau thaj chaw subtropical ntawm Florida thiab Mexico, nrog rau cov subarctic. Lawv tuaj yeem nyob ze ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv lossis ntawm qhov siab tshaj 3,500 meters.

Txawm tias nws lub npe, American dub dais muaj peev xwm muaj lwm yam xim ntawm nws cov plaub, ib yam dab tsi ntau xim av thiab txawm dawb me ntsis. Lawv tuaj yeem hnyav ntawm 40 kilograms (poj niam) thiab 250 kilograms (txiv neej). Lawv muaj cov khoom tsim ntau dua li lwm hom dais thiab lub taub hau loj dua.

Nws yog ib tug omnivore thiab opportunistic omnivore, nws yuav noj txhua yam nws pom. Nyob ntawm lub caij lawv yuav noj ib yam los yog lwm yam, nyom, nplooj, stems, noob, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, khib nyiab, tsiaj nyeg, tsiaj qus los yog noog qe. Dais muaj keeb kwm pub rau American chestnuts (Castanea dentata) nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, tab sis tom qab ib tug blight nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th txo cov pej xeem ntoo, bears pib noj oak acorns thiab walnuts.

Lub caij yug me nyuam pib thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, tab sis cov me nyuam yuav tsis tau mus txog thaum niam hibernating, ib yam li lwm hom dais.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - American black bears
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - American black bears

Panda dais loj

Thaum dhau los, cov pejxeem ntawm panda dais (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) tau kis thoob plaws Suav teb, tab sis tam sim no tau raug tshem tawm mus rau sab hnub poob ntawm Sichuan, Shaanxi thiab Gansu xeev. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev siv zog los nqis peev hauv nws txoj kev txuag, zoo li cov tsiaj no tau loj hlob dua, yog li tus panda loj heev tsis muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev ploj tuag.

Panda dais yog dais txawv tshaj plaws. Nws ntseeg tias tau raug cais tawm ntau dua 3 lab xyoo, yog li divergence in tsosTus dais no muaj lub taub hau dawb heev nrog pob ntseg thiab cov qauv ntawm ob lub qhov muag dub, lub cev lub cev kuj dub, tsuas yog sab nraub qaum thiab plab.

Raws li qhov chaw nyob ntawm panda dais, peb yuav tsum paub tias lawv nyob rau hauv temperate forests nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm Tuam Tshoj, nyob rau hauv qhov siab ntawm 1,200 thiab 3,300 meters. Nyob rau hauv cov hav zoov no bamboo abounds, uas yog lawv lub ntsiab thiab xyaum xwb zaub mov. Panda bears hloov chaw ib ntus, ua raws li kev sib tw ntawm xyoob loj hlob.

Lawv yug me nyuam thaum lub Peb Hlis Ntuj txog Lub Tsib Hlis, lub cev xeeb tub kav li ntawm 95 mus rau 160 hnub thiab cov xeeb ntxwv (ib lossis ob) siv ib xyoos thiab ib nrab lossis ob xyoos nrog lawv niam mus txog thaum lawv muaj kev ywj pheej.

Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Giant panda dais
Hom bears - Hom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv - Giant panda dais

Polar Xyooj

The polar bear (Ursus maritimus) evolved from the brown bear35 lab xyoo dhau los. Cov tsiaj no nyob hauv thaj av arctic thiab nws lub cev tau yoog raws li huab cua khov.

Nws cov plaub hau, translucent vim nws hollow, yog tag nrho cov huab cua, uas ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug zoo heev insulator. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsim kom pom cov nyhuv dawb, zoo meej rau camouflaging nws tus kheej hauv cov daus thiab muaj peev xwm tsis meej pem nws cov tsiaj. Nws cov tawv nqaij yog xim dub, ib qho tseem ceeb yam ntxwv, raws li cov xim no pab txhawb kev nqus cua sov.

Hais txog kev pub mov rau tus dais qaum teb, peb yuav tsum paub tias peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog ib qho ntawm cov bears uas muaj carnivorous tshaj plaws. Lawv cov kev noj haus yog raws li ntau hom foob xws li lub nplhaib nplhaib (Phoca hispida) los yog lub foob foob (Erignathus barbatus)..

Polar bears yog cov tsiaj uas tsim dua tshiab. Lawv muaj lawv thawj cov menyuam thaum muaj hnub nyoog 5 txog 8 xyoo. Lawv feem ntau yug tau ob tug hluas uas yuav siv sijhawm li ob xyoos nrog niam.

Puas yog polar dais nyob rau hauv kev txaus ntshai ntawm extinction? Tshawb nrhiav nws ntawm peb lub xaib!

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