Endometritis yog ib qho ntawm tseem ceeb ua rau muaj menyuam hauv mares vim txo qis cev xeeb tub. Nws muaj ib tug o ntawm lub tsev menyuamvim yog kis kab mob los ntawm ntau yam kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, feem ntau yog vim kev tu cev tsis zoo hauv kev kuaj mob mares, kis kab mob hauv lub tsev menyuam. kev pab them nqi, ib tug tsis txaus uterine tiv thaiv mechanism los yog tsis xws luag nyob rau hauv anatomical conformation. Uterine lavage, ua ke nrog cov tshuaj uas ua rau kom qhov contractility ntawm lub tsev menyuam, yog qhov kev kho mob uas siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau equine endometritis, tab sis tsis txhob hnov qab txog cov kev kho tshwj xeeb rau tus neeg sawv cev.
Nyob hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog Equine endometritis, as well as nws ua, kuaj mob, tsos mob thiab kho.
Equine endometritis yog dab tsi?
Equine endometritis is an kab mob sib kis muaj cov mob uterusthiab uterine mucosa ntawm mares. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob no yog qhov txo qis ntawm cev xeeb tub vim tsis xeeb tub, ua rau ntxov ntxov embryonic tuag, rho menyuam thaum cev xeeb tub lossis placentitis.
All mares tom qab mating tsim ib tug endometritis mus rau ib co degree, vim tias qhov tso tawm ntawm cov phev hauv mares yog intrauterine, yog li ob qho tib si seminal Cheebtsam thiab cov kab mob yuav nkag mus, ua rau mob. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv ib txwm tshem tawm nws kom zoo nyob rau hauv 48 teev los ntawm lawv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv uterine (recruitment of defense cells from your body, production of antibodies, and uterine contractions). Yog tias lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam, cov txheej txheem no txuas ntxiv mus thiab nyuaj.
Risk factors in equine endometritis
Mares yog ntau predisposed rau lub sij hawm ntev post-mating endometritis:
- Nrog anatomical defects uas ua rau cov kua dej tsis zoo.
- Cov neeg uas tsis zoo perineum conformation.
- Cov neeg uas muaj urovagina (zis hauv qhov chaw mos) los yog pneumovagina (cua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mos) vim yog yug los yav tas los raug mob.
- Cov poj niam laus uas yug me nyuam thiab cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm lub tsev menyuam tau nqis los ntau heev ntawm lub plab, txwv tsis pub cov exudate tawm mus rau sab nraud.
- Cov neeg uas muaj uterine contractility dysfunctions, alterations in the inclination of the vaginal canal or pendulous uterus.
Yog xav paub ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem nyeem lwm tsab xov xwm no txog Yuav ua li cas nees yug?
Symptoms of endometritis in mares
Cov tsos mob tshwm sim los ntawm mares nrog endometritis yuav vam khom feem ntau ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob thiab ntawm lub sij hawm koj tau nrog nws. Hauv cov mob me me lossis subclinical, tus mare tsuas yog pom cov tsos mob ntawm subfertility, xws li kev rov ua kom sov thiab lub voj voog luv luv. Hauv cov tsos mob peb tuaj yeem pom cov kev hloov pauv hauv qab no hauv mare:
- Serous, mucous los yog purulent paug tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos.
- Agglutination of Tail hairs by secretions.
- Nkauj tawm tshiab.
- Congestive and edematous uterus with exudate.
- Nkauj tawm tshiab.
- Vaginitis.
- Cov xim ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab qhov chaw mos, muaj paug tawm ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam.
Ua rau endometritis hauv mares
Endometritis nyob rau hauv mares feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob, ua raws los ntawm fungi:
- Bacteria: Cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam ntau tshaj plaws yog Streptococcus equi sub esp. Zooepidemicus, Escherichia coli thiab Staphylococcus spp. Muaj lwm cov kab mob nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw mos ntawm cov txiv neej nees uas, thaum lub sij hawm mounting los yog veterinary tuav, ntxeem tau lub mare lub genitalia thiab uterus. Cov kab mob no yog Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, thiab Taylorella equigenitalis. Cov tom kawg yog tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tus kab mob venereal uas kis tau zoo heev hu ua kis tau tus kab mob equine metritis, uas kis tau los ntawm tus stallion thaum lub sij hawm copulation thiab ua rau mucopurulent tawm, vaginitis, endometritis thiab cervicitis, uas ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus ib ntus, rho menyuam thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam hauv plab. cov neeg nqa khoom yog tias leej niam kis tus kab mob thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub. Cov kab mob no feem ntau tau cog lus tom qab mating, los ntawm cov placenta thiab exudates tom qab yug me nyuam, tom qab qias neeg tsim insemination, los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas qhov chaw mos nrog cov khoom tsis huv, nrog rau thaum lawv muaj cov kab mob anatomical.
- Fungi: endometritis tshwm sim los ntawm fungi feem ntau yog vim kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob ntau zaus thiab ua rau cov kab mob ua kom puas, yog li cov fungi ua. tsis pom kev sib tw, uas ua ke nrog kev hloov pauv hauv mare lub tsev menyuam pH yog qhov tso cai rau lawv qhov sib npaug, qhia txog cov poov xab Candida albicans thiab fungus Aspergillus fumigatus.
equine endometritis kuaj tau li cas?
Txhawm rau kuaj mob endometritis hauv mares, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov tsos mob uas lawv tshwm sim, lawv lub cev kuaj xyuas, ultrasound transrectal, kuaj qhov chaw mos thiab ncauj tsev menyuam, nrog rau kab lis kev cai, uterine cytology thiab endometrial. biopsy.
Clinical, vaginal and transrectal diagnosis
Hauv mare peb yuav pom cov tsos mob tau hais los saum toj no, thiab yog tias siv vaginoscope, nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau xim. (hyperemia) los ntawm qhov chaw mos, nrog rau lub xub ntiag ntawm exudate los ntawm lub tsev me nyuam tawm los ntawm lub tsev me nyuam los yog lub tsev me nyuam, uas yuav congested thiab edematous. Yog tias koj saib tso zis los yog cua hauv qhov chaw mos nws yog qhov qhia tias urovagina los yog pneumovagina, raws li peb tau hais, predisposes rau kev txom nyem los ntawm endometritis, thiab. raws li vaginitis thiab cervicitis (mob ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab ncauj tsev menyuam).
Thaum lub sij hawm tshuaj ntsuam qhov quav, lub tsev me nyuam yuav tshwm sim loj thiab softer nyob rau hauv sib xws vim edema tshwm sim los ntawm o.
Cytology and culture
Cov qauv coj los ntawm sab hauv tsev menyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau ntxuav lub plab ntawm qhov chaw mos kom tsis txhob noj cov kab mob sib kis. Cov qauv kuj tseem yuav raug coj los ntawm clitoris thiab qhov chaw mos vestibule yog tias xav tias muaj kab mob venereal.
Thaum tus qauv coj mus kuaj, nws raug stained thiab saib nyob rau hauv lub microscope. Yog tias ntau tshaj ob lub neutrophils (thawj lub hlwb tiv thaiv tuaj txog ntawm cov kab mob txawv teb chaws) tau pom nyob rau hauv tsib lub teb ntawm 400 magnification, nws yog qhov qhia txog kev mob, thiab yuav tso cai rau pom kab mob, cov poov xab los yog fungal. hyphaeQhov tshwm sim kuj yog qhov zoo yog tias cov kab mob pathogenic loj hlob hauv kab lis kev cai. Rau qhov no, qhov nruab nrab Ntshav Agar ntawm 37 ºC feem ntau yog siv. Tom qab ob peb hnub, cov cheeb tsam uas tau loj hlob, lawv cov morphology, xim thiab cov kab mob koom nrog yuav raug txiav txim. Cytology zoo dua, vim qee zaum kab lis kev cai tsis zoo thiab cytology zoo.
Biopsy
NOJ QAB RAU
Num, Nws Cov Hlwb (Uas Nws Cov Hlav (Uas nws lub voj voog yog), lub xeev ntawm qhov mob thiab yog tias nws yog kab lis kev cai los ntawm nws, qhov kev kuaj mob tshwm sim ntau dua. Nyob ntawm cov hlwb uas qhov kev kuaj ntshav pom, nws tuaj yeem paub tau yog tias cov kab mob endometritis mob hnyav (neutrophils yuav pom), mob ntev (lymphocytes thiab plasma hlwb) lossis yog tias nws yog fungal (eosinophilic infiltrate). Qhov tsuas yog drawback yog tias nws yog ib qho invasive technique thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv tus mare's reproductive cycle.
Studies paub meej tias uterine endometrial biopsy yog the most txhim khu kev qha diagnostic method rau equine endometritis.
Los ntawm kev ua cov txheej txheem imaging no siv lub qhov quav sojntsuam, nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim tau qhov muaj kua nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, nws ntim thiab nws cov yam ntxwv (yog tias nws zoo li cov kua paug los yog serous), qhia qhov mob hnyav.
Tshuaj kho mob endometritis hauv mares
Kev kho mob ntawm equine endometritis yuav nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog hnub nyoog, kev sib haum xeeb, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cytology, kab lis kev cai, lossis biopsy.
Rau kev kho mob endometritis nyob rau hauv mares kom raug, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau instituted xws li tshuaj tshwj xeeb rau tus kab mob causal, uterine lavage thiab anti - Kev kho mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob.
Uterine lavage
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los txo qhov mob los ntawm kev tshem tawm cov kab mob thiab exudate. Nws txhawb nqa cov qog nqaij hlav hauv lub tsev menyuam uas pab tshem tawm cov kua dej, ua rau qee qhov khaus khaus hauv endometrium, uas ua rau tuaj txog ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshiab los tiv thaiv cov kab mob sib kis thiab xaus rau kev xeeb tub. Siv nruab nrab ntawm ib thiab ob litres ntawm isotonic saline kua los yog Ringer's Lactate ntawm 40 lossis 50 ºC kub
Kev siv tshuaj xws li oxytocin los yog prostaglandins kuj tau pom zoo, uas ua rau kom cov uterine contractions thiab txhim kho cov kua exudates los ntawm kev ntxuav.
Antibiotics
Kev xaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv txhua kis yuav tsum yog ib qho uas tau ua rau kab lis kev cai tshuaj tua kab mob. Ua li no peb yuav siv cov kev kho mob zoo tiag tiag thiab zam qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
Lawv yuav tsum yog piv hauv zos hauv tsev menyuam thiab tsis siv cov txheej txheem, vim lawv muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua. Lawv feem ntau muab txhua hnub rau 3, 5 lossis 7 hnub, nyob ntawm qhov mob ntawm endometritis. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob los ntawm pawg beta-lactam (penicillin, ampicillin …), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin) los yog pawg cephalosporin feem ntau yog siv.
Antifungals
Thaum cov kab mob muaj lub luag haujlwm, cov tshuaj tua kab mob xws li amphotericin B, clotrimazole, econazole lossis ketoconazole tau siv.
Anti-inflammatories
Los ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm glucocorticoids xws li dexamethasone, lawv ua rau txo qis hauv edema thiab exudates los ntawm lub tsev menyuam. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory tshuaj (NSAIDs) xws li vedaprofen los yog flunixin meglumine kuj tseem siv tau kom tsis txhob muaj kev phiv ntawm corticosteroids.
Antiseptics
Kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob xws li hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine los yog diluted acetic acid, m feem ntau yog ua thaum muaj presence of fungi, tsis paub tias tus kab mob no muaj li cas vim nws tsis tau kuaj los yog tshuaj tua kab mob rhiab heev los yog siv tsis tau.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob no ua rau txo qhov loj ntawm lub tsev menyuam, nce hauv nws cov ntshav thiab txo cov viscosity ntawm cov kua, pab nws tshem tawm. Tab sis nco ntsoov tias khaus, lawv tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov hlwb tiv thaiv (neutrophils) thiab ua rau lub tsev menyuam adhesions.
Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv endometritis hauv mares?
Raws li peb tau pom, tus kab mob no txuas nrog rau kev sib kis thaum lub sij hawm copulation, insemination los yog tuav, yog li cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua: ib
- Kev tu cev kom zoo thaum lub sij hawm siv tshuaj tua kab mob los yog mating.
- txwv tsis pub leej twg coj mus ua lwm yam los ntawm kev xaiv lub sij hawm zoo nyob rau hauv peb lub voj voog mare.
- Nkauj tawm tshiab.
- Tsev tshuaj tua kab mob.
- Daim ntawv thov ntawm mannose qab zib ua ntej mating lossis artificial insemination, raws li nws tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv uas txwv cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob mus rau endometrium.
- Yog tus maum muaj urovagina los yog pneumovagina, vulvoplasty yog qhia los kho cov teeb meem.
- Yog hais tias tom qab yug me nyuam lawv muaj cov placenta khaws cia los yog ncua sij hawm ntawm lub tsev menyuam, lawv yuav tsum tau kho sai li sai tau kom tsis txhob muaj kab mob hauv tsev menyuam.
Equine endometritis feem ntau muaj zoo prognosis, tab sis nyob rau hauv mares nrog ntev los yog rov tshwm sim endometritis uas tsis teb rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov txheej txheem inflammatory no. feem ntau cuam tshuam rau koj fertility. Yog li ntawd, thaum muaj menyuam tsis taus lossis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim xws li tso tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos, hu rau equine veterinarian tawm tsam tus kab mob no uas cuam tshuam rau peb cov poj niam equine.
Yog xav paub ntxiv, koj tuaj yeem sab laj lwm tsab xov xwm no Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tias tus menyuam cev xeeb tub?
